The Flemish Performance-based Research Funding System: A Unique Variant of the Norwegian Model

The BOF-key is the performance-based research funding system that is used in Flanders, Belgium. In this paper we describe the historical background of the system, its current design and organization, as well as its effects on the Flemish higher education landscape. The BOFkey in its current form relies on three bibliometric parameters: publications in Web of Science, citations in Web of Science, and publications in a comprehensive regional database for SSH publications. Taken together, the BOF-key forms a unique variant of the Norwegian model: while the system to a large extent relies on a commercial database, it avoids the problem of inadequate coverage of the SSH. Because the bibliometric parameters of the BOF-key are reused in other funding allocation schemes, their overall importance to the Flemish universities is substantial.

Redesigning the Model of Book Evaluation in the Polish Performance-based Research Funding System

Purpose: This study aims to present the key systemic changes in the Polish book evaluation model to focus on the publisher list, as inspired by the Norwegian Model. Design/methodology/approach: In this study we reconstruct the framework of the 2010 and 2018 models of book evaluation in Poland within the performance-based research funding system. Findings: For almost 20 years the book evaluation system in Poland has been based on the verification of various technical criteria(e.g. length of the book). The new 2018 model is based on the principle of prestige inheritance(a book is worth as much as its publisher is) and is inspired by the publisher list used in the Norwegian Model. In this paper, we argue that this solution may be a more balanced policy instrument than the previous 2010 model in which neither the quality of the publisher nor the quality of the book played any role in the evaluation.Research limitations: We work from the framework of the 2018 model of book evaluation specified in the law on higher education and science from 20 July 2018, as implementation acts are not available yet. Practical implications: This study may provide a valuable point of reference on how structural reforms in the research evaluation model were implemented on a country level. The results of this study may be interesting to policy makers, stakeholders and researchers focused on science policy. Originality/value: This is the very first study that presents the new framework of the Polish research evaluation model and policy instruments for scholarly book evaluation. We describe what motivated policy makers to change the book evaluation model, and what arguments were explicitly raised to argue for the new solution.

Research funding and citations in papers of Nobel Laureates in Physics, Chemistry and Medicine, 2019-2020

Purpose:The goal of this study is a comparative analysis of the relation between funding(a main driver for scientific research)and citations in papers of Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine over 2019-2020 and the same relation in these research fields as a whole.Design/methodology/approach:This study utilizes a power law model to explore the relationship between research funding and citations of related papers.The study here analyzes 3,539 recorded documents by Nobel Laureates in physics,chemistry and medicine and a broader dataset of 183,016 documents related to the fields of physics,medicine,and chemistry recorded in the Web of Science database.Findings:Results reveal that in chemistry and medicine,funded researches published in papers of Nobel Laureates have higher citations than unfunded studies published in articles;vice versa high citations of Nobel Laureates in physics are for unfunded studies published in papers.Instead,when overall data of publications and citations in physics,chemistry and medicine are analyzed,all papers based on funded researches show higher citations than unfunded ones.Originality/value:Results clarify the driving role of research funding for science diffusion that are systematized in general properties:a)articles concerning funded researches receive more citations than(un)funded studies published in papers of physics,chemistry and medicine sciences,generating a high Matthew effect(a higher growth of citations with the increase in the number of papers);b)research funding increases the citations of articles in fields oriented to applied research(e.g.,chemistry and medicine)more than fields oriented towards basic research(e.g.,physics).Practical implications:The results here explain some characteristics of scientific development and diffusion,highlighting the critical role of research funding in fostering citations and the expansion of scientific knowledge.This finding can support decision-making of policymakers and R&D managers to improve the effectiveness in allocating financial resources in science policies to generate a higher positive scientific and societal impact.

Unequal Distribution of Innovation Efforts for Neglected Tropical Diseases: The Role of Funding Evaluation Criteria

Background: International research and innovation efforts for neglected tropical diseases have increased in recent decades due to disparities in overall health research funding in relation to global burden of disease. However, within the field of neglected tropical diseases some seem far more neglected than others. In this research the aim is to investigate the distribution of resources and efforts, as well as the mechanisms that underpin funding allocation for neglected tropical diseases. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted to establish a comprehensive overview of known indicators for innovation efforts related to a wide range of neglected tropical diseases. Articles were selected based on a subjective evaluation of their relevance, the presence of original data, and the breadth of their scope. This was followed by thirteen in-depth open-ended interviews with representatives of private, public and philanthropic funding organizations, concerning evaluation criteria for funding research proposals. Results: The findings reveal a large difference in the extent to which the individual diseases are neglected with notable differences between absolute and relative efforts. Criteria used in the evaluation of research proposals relate to potential impact, the probability of success and strategic fit. Private organizations prioritize strategic fit and economic impact;philanthropic organizations prioritize short-term societal impact;and public generally prioritize the probability of success by accounting for follow-up funding and involvement of industry. Funding decisions of different types of organizations are highly interrelated. Conclusions: This study shows that the evaluation of funding proposals introduces and retains unequal funding distribution, reinforcing the relative neglect of diseases. Societal impact is the primary rationale for funding but application of it as a funding criterion is associated with significant challenges. Furthermore, current application of evaluation criteria leads to a primary focus on short-term impact. Through current practice, the relatively most neglected diseases will remain so, and a long-term strategy is needed to resolve this.

An Alternative Funding Model for Agribusiness Research in Canada

Canadian governments have moved towards a matching funding model for agricultural research. Agricultural organizations can take advantage of this if Canadian Controlled Private Corporations are established to fund research through matching grants, tax credits and investments. A low risk options strategy is presented which uses index options and is a diagonal put spread where an in-the-money put is bought which expires in 1 to 2 years and out-of-the-money puts are sold which expire monthly. In summary, “A small Canadian Controlled Private Corporation can, for a $100,000 up front initial investment, generate at least $100,000 annually in research funding, in perpetuity”.

A Study on the Funding Management of Agricultural Scientific Research Project in the New Situation

The agricultural scientific research project funding is an important prerequisite for the implementation of agricultural scientific research project,and an essential basic condition to support agricultural research. In recent years,China has paid great attention to the development of scientific research,and increased the input of scientific research funds,but there are some shortcomings in funding management during the implementation of the project. Based on many years of practice,this paper expounds the main problems in the current funding management for agricultural scientific research project,and brings forward the relevant recommendations,in order to provide a reference for the scientific management of agricultural scientific research project funding in the new situation.

National Institutes of Health Funding for disease categories related to Neural Regeneration Research

The National Institutes of Health （NIH）, a part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, is the nation＇s medical research agency-making important discoveries that improve health and save lives.Thanks in large part to NIH-funded medical research, Americans today are living longer and healthier. Life expectancy in the United States has jumped from 47 years in 1900 to 78 years as reported in 2009, and disability in people over age 65 has dropped dramatically in the past 3 decades. In recent years, nationwide rates of new diagnoses and deaths from all cancers combined have fallen significantly.

NIH Funding for Disease Categories related to Neural Regeneration Research

The National Institutes of Health （NIH）,a part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,is the nation＇s medical research agency-making important discoveries that improve health and save lives.Thanks in large part to NIH-funded medical research,Americans today are living longer and healthier. Life expectancy in the United States has jumped from 47 years in 1900 to 78 years as reported in 2009,and disability in people over age 65 has dropped dramatically in the past 3 decades. In recent years,nationwide rates of new diagnoses and deaths from all cancers combined have fallen significantly.

Erratum:Author’s research-fund support notation correction.Mass forming chronic pancreatitis mimicking pancreatic cystic neoplasm:A case report World J Gastroenterology 2018;Jan 14;24(2):(297-302)

Correction to"Mass forming chronic pancreatitis mimicking pancreatic cystic neoplasm:A case report"World J Gastroenterology 2018;24(2):297-302.This article had accidentally omitted the fact of research-fund support notation.It should be added as supported by Dankook University Research Fund(R201600314).

Research on the performance management of the special funds in provincial colleges and universities

This paper is a comprehensive data collection and analysis of the special performance of the managed fund in provincial universities, which has very important academic value and theoretical and practical significance for the effective and rational improvement of the utilization ratio of the special funds, the specification of the management the university capitals and the ceaseless development of the education reform. It also has very important academic value and theoretical practical significance for the improvement of the financial management levels, the introduction of the evaluation results of the special funds into the budget appropriation mechanism, the refinement of the budget planning of the special funds, the improvement of the scientificalness and accuracy of the budget planning oft he special fimds, and the further strengthening of the management of the expenditure and balance of the special funds of universities, and the formulation of the scientific and effective performance evaluation methods, and the formation of the theoretical platform of the performance management evaluation.

Network Analysis of Research Project Members in Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research in Japan

The researcher network that appeared in research projects funded by the Japanese government was analyzed. Several static and dynamic network analysis methods were applied to the data for 20 years to explore the fine structure of the researcher’s network for grants. Our analysis shows that the long-term trend of researchers’ group sizes has become smaller, particularly rapidly decreasing in recent years. Some findings on researcher behavior in joining a project have also been reported.

教育、科技、人才一体推进背景下高等教育对基础研究资助的新需求

基础研究是整个科学体系的源头,是所有技术问题的总机关,目前正在由快速增长转为高质量发展。在这个关键转折点上,国家自然科学基金作为我国基础研究主要的资助渠道,如何在教育、科技、人才的统一战略布局下优化资助,成为了首要关注的问题。在此背景下,本文依据党的二十大报告中“实施科教兴国战略,强化现代化建设人才支撑”的战略部署,深入阐述了新形势下基础研究资助面临的挑战,分析了国内外基础研究的发展动态和需求。通过调研,发现了我国在人才、学科教育、科研组织模式等方面的不足,总结了高等教育对于基础研究资助在学科建设、产学研一体化、人才培养等方面的新需求,并以南京大学为例进行了阐述说明,以期为国家自然科学基金的全面深化改革提供具体的建议和决策参考。

关键核心技术攻关驱动因素及实现路径——以集成电路产业为例的组态分析

关键核心技术作为国之重器占据重要战略位置,但关键核心技术的关键驱动要素机制与可实现路径尚未明晰。为揭示关键核心技术攻关有效的驱动因素及组态路径模式,在厘清关键核心技术的概念特征基础上,基于技术-组织-环境理论框架,以集成电路产业为例,利用定性比较分析与必要条件分析法对我国28个省份的关键核心技术攻关的必要条件及可实现路径展开研究。结果发现:(1)数字化技术、R&D投入强度、市场化环境和政府支持度是决定关键核心技术攻关的关键因素;(2)存在3条关键核心技术攻关的有效路径,分别是高数字技术下市场导向型、高组织集聚下产业导向型和高研发资助下政府导向型,且均以技术层为基础、组织及环境层为支持;(3)产业协同能弥补关键核心技术攻关的创新要素匮乏的不足,同时政府资助的影响力不容忽视。因此,进一步推动集成电路产业关键核心技术攻关,要以丰富新一代信息技术资本存量与增加科技研发资本流量为两大着力点,在积极为关键核心技术攻关提供政府资金支持的同时引导社会资源投入,为关键核心技术打造良好的外部发展环境。

关于设立面向全球科学研究基金的思考与建议

气候变化、健康危机和粮食安全等问题通常会超越国家间的地理边界,是典型的全球性挑战。随着不同挑战的日益加剧,设立全球科学研究基金已成为推动科技进步、探索创新解决方案和加强伙伴关系的重要手段。在此背景下,“研究设立面向全球的科学研究基金”是我国“十四五”时期(2021—2025年)完善科技创新体制的重要举措。为推进这一举措落实,本文在分析主要发达国家(美国、加拿大、英国、德国、日本、澳大利亚)和欧盟针对全球挑战的科研基金资助经验和广泛调研研讨的基础上,从人才项目、研究项目和大科学装置项目三个方面提出了我国未来设立面向全球的科学研究基金的建议,并探讨了相应的遴选、评估和管理机制,以期促进我国科研资助体系的创新发展,逐步提升我国在全球挑战研究中的国际影响力。

信息资源管理学科研究方法知识库构建及其应用研究

文章主要介绍了邓胜利教授2023年国家社会科学基金重大项目中标选题“信息资源管理学科研究方法知识库构建及其应用研究”的相关研究内容。首先阐述了课题的选题背景及研究价值,在梳理国内外研究现状基础上,提出构建信息资源管理学科研究方法知识库的必要性和突破口;接着介绍了课题的总体框架、主要内容以及研究方法和研究目标;最后提出课题的重点、难点与创新之处。

医院科研投入的变化趋势及相关性分析

目的 探讨随着时间的推移,医院对科研的兴趣程度的变化趋势以及经费投入的情况,并分析相关性,为医院科研活动的规划和发展提供参考。方法 采用数据分析的方法,包括折线图、饼图和散点图等可视化工具,对潍坊医学院附属医院2018—2022年的科研活动数据进行分析和比较。结果 2018—2022年科研活动数据分析中,医院对科研的投入呈逐年增长趋势。2018—2022年,立项经费从(25.437±13.075)万元增长至(44.618±25.999)万元,而经费合计从(38.453±15.591)万元上升到(68.143±29.157)万元。在所有的经费分配中,校级项目占据了主导地位,其在总经费中的占比达到了52.6%。进一步的统计学分析显示,立项经费与经费合计之间的相关系数高达0.86,证实两者之间存在正相关性。结论 医院对科研的重视程度逐渐增加,从而导致科研项目的经费投入逐年增加,课题数量也逐年增加。校级项目在经费分配中占据了主导地位。立项经费与经费合计之间存在强正相关关系。因此,在制订经费预算时,需要考虑项目的研究内容和需求,以确保合理的经费分配。

中国学者论文被引频次与基金项目资助关系探究

为探究论文被引频次与基金资助之间的关系,选取中国学者2017年发表在中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)和科学引文索引扩展版(SCI-E)数据库收录期刊的论文,分析了不同基金项目资助条件下论文被引频次的幂律分布规律。基金论文的被引频次整体上高于非基金论文,但具体提升程度与研究方向有关。对学者而言没有必要在一篇论文后挂多个基金项目,对期刊而言不需要过度追求基金论文比,这两个指标与被引频次之间均未呈现出正相关性。应客观看待基金项目的作用,加强期刊评价研究,全面评价论文、期刊的质量和影响力,规范基金项目标注,合理利用基金论文比指标,坚守科技期刊办刊本心。受模型和数据限制,零被引的长尾论文及人文学科论文的基金项目资助作用规律尚未得到有效揭示。

2023年度日本政府地震调查研究的主要经费申请概算

根据日本地震防灾对策特别措施法,日本地震调查研究推进总部于2022年8月底,对日本政府各相关行政机构2023年度用于地震调查研究的主要经费申请概算,进行了汇总和调整并对外公布。2023年度,日本政府用于地震调查研究的相关经费总概算额为100亿日元,相比较2022年度的64亿日元,增长了56%,这些经费主要分配于文部科学省、经济产业省、国土交通省及总务省等下属部门,但经费并不包括日本公立行政法人等的运维补助费用。

中国石油科技创新基金管理机制优化策略

中国石油为支持基础研究、加强科技创新,1993年设立科技创新基金,主要面向高等院校和各大科研院所的中青年科技人才,构建开放的科技创新生态。经过30年发展,资助经费超3亿元,已成为高校和中国石油共同提升基础研究能力的创新平台。近年来,中国石油加快推进基础研究工作,进一步健全基金资助体系,对科技创新基金进行科研管理范式变革显得更为迫切。面对新时代学科发展需要、国家对国企开展基础研究的新要求、科研管理信息化发展等趋势与挑战,中国石油科技创新基金稳步推进“明确项目资助导向、完善项目资助体系、优化科技成果转化”三大核心改革任务,从指南体系、资助形式、人才团队建设、成果转化应用方面,探索创新发展的管理新机制。同时建设信息管理平台,开发科技创新基金系统,实现项目全流程管理,进一步促进了科研管理新机制与信息化的融合。

新时代高校教育、科技、人才一体化布局与科学基金发展策略

在世界新一轮科技产业革命加速演进的背景下,教育、科技、人才“三位一体”统筹布局成为我国全面建设社会主义现代化国家的基础性和战略性支撑。高校是科技强国、人才强国、教育强国三大战略的交汇点,科学基金作为促进创新链—产业链—资金链—人才链—学科链深度融合的重要渠道和枢纽,在一体布局下面临新的要求和挑战。文章围绕如何“有力统筹教育、科技、人才工作”的关键问题,明确新时代高校在教育、科技、人才一体布局的定位、内涵和要求,挖掘教育优先、科技自强、人才引领的现实困境与发展前景,以期为科学基金发展提出有针对性的方案和建议。