Disturbances rejection optimization based on improved two-degree-of-freedom LADRC for permanent magnet synchronous motor systems

Permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)speed control systems with conventional linear active disturbance rejection control(CLADRC)strategy encounter issues regarding the coupling between dynamic response and disturbance suppression and have poor performance in suppressing complex nonlinear disturbances.In order to address these issues,this paper proposes an improved two-degree-of-freedom LADRC(TDOF-LADRC)strategy,which can enhance the disturbance rejection performance of the system while decoupling entirely the system's dynamic and anti-disturbance performance to boost the system robustness and simplify controller parameter tuning.PMSM models that consider total disturbances are developed to design the TDOF-LADRC speed controller accurately.Moreover,to evaluate the control performance of the TDOF-LADRC strategy,its stability is proven,and the influence of each controller parameter on the system control performance is analyzed.Based on it,a comparison is made between the disturbance observation ability and anti-disturbance performance of TDOF-LADRC and CLADRC to prove the superiority of TDOF-LADRC in rejecting disturbances.Finally,experiments are performed on a 750 W PMSM experimental platform,and the results demonstrate that the proposed TDOF-LADRC exhibits the properties of two degrees of freedom and improves the disturbance rejection performance of the PMSM system.

基于简化有限集模型预测电流控制的五相PMSM统一容错控制

在五相永磁同步电机(permanent-magnet synchronous motor,PMSM)中,有限集模型预测容错控制(finite control set model predictive fault tolerant control,FCS-MPFTC)存在计算量大、电流谐波含量高等问题。因此,该文提出一种简化FCS-MPFTC来实现相开路和短路故障情况下的统一容错控制。首先,将模型预测电流控制的电流代价函数等效转化为电压代价函数,并采用无差拍方法通过电流模型计算出参考电压。然后,基于抑制三次谐波电流为0的原则合成虚拟电压矢量(virtual voltage vector,V^(3));通过重构V^(3)和扇区,以直接获得参考电压矢量对应的最优电压矢量。最后,对传统和简化FCS-MPFTC在开路和短路故障下进行对比实验。结果表明,所提策略能够有效减小故障后计算量、转矩脉动以及电流谐波含量。

基于几何约束优化的重复控制器及PMSM电流谐波抑制应用

重复控制器凭借其具有多个谐振峰而广泛应用于电流谐波抑制领域,然而在实际电机控制系统中,由于系统采样频率固定而电流谐波频率随电机转速而变化,会导致重复控制器中出现分数阶延时环节,而该环节在实际控制器中无法实现。对此,该文针对现有分数阶处理方法进行讨论,分析了插值逼近方法中插值系数对重复控制器整体频率特性的作用,据此提出基于几何约束优化的分数阶重复控制器,通过优化各插值系数,电机在全转速范围内都可以保证谐振频率和电流谐波频率相吻合,并且谐振峰值更符合电机谐波组成规律;还分析了滤波器所处反馈回路位置对频率特性的影响,作为组合滤波器设计依据;为保证系统稳定,对包含PI、重复控制器以及离散电机模型的电流控制系统进行稳定性分析,并作为控制参数选取依据。最后,通过台架实验验证了该文所提出的方法的谐波抑制性能是更优的。

改进滑模观测器的电流源逆变器驱动PMSM无位置传感器控制

由于电流源逆变器(CSI)的叠流效应以及前级DC-DC控制的母线电流脉动较大,使得扩展反电动势中含有大量谐波,造成较大的位置误差。针对此问题,该文提出一种改进滑模观测器的电流源逆变器驱动永磁同步电机无传感器控制方法。首先,基于传统滑模观测器,设计复系数滤波器代替传统低通滤波器,实现了对估计反电动势的准确提取,同时也抑制了估计反电动势中的高频抖动和高次谐波。其次,将二阶广义积分器内嵌于锁相环中,用于消除位置误差信号中的低次谐波,提高位置观测准确度。最后,将估算的速度信息反馈回复系数滤波器,实现复系数滤波器的自适应性。实验结果表明,所提方法在不同工况下,能够有效提高估算的转子位置精度,验证了方法的可行性与有效性。

基于模糊滑模控制的PMSM矢量控制系统

永磁同步电机(PMSM)双闭环矢量控制系统中,传统PI控制器转速环无法满足PMSM的更高控制要求。该文设计一种积分滑模控制器,并引入光滑、连续的新式饱和函数替代滑模控制器中的符号函数,以提高系统的抗扰动性能和鲁棒性;为提高系统在电机运行状态发生变化时的自适应调节能力,使用模糊控制对滑模趋近律中的参数进行自适应调节,以提高趋近速度,降低滑模抖振。建立基于模糊控制的PMSM滑模控制系统仿真模型,并与使用传统滑模控制器的PMSM控制模型进行对比分析,结果验证了模糊滑模速度控制器具有更好的抗扰动能力和鲁棒性。

基于二阶滑模扰动观测的PMSM电流预测控制研究

针对无差拍电流预测控制(DPCC)对电机参数的依赖性,系统性能尤其易受电感参数影响的问题,研究基于二阶滑模扰动观测的永磁同步电机(PMSM)电流预测控制方法。首先,根据滑模控制原理分析电感参数失配对系统参数鲁棒性的影响,及传统滑模控制的不连续函数导致的系统“抖振”;然后,在DPCC中引入一种基于二阶趋近律的滑模扰动观测器(SMDO),实时补偿电感参数失配造成的扰动,同时通过二阶趋近律加速扰动误差的收敛;最后,将该方法与DPCC、SMDO+DPCC进行对比仿真实验。实验结果表明,在电感参数失配的情况下,该方法降低了电流稳态误差,提高了系统参数的鲁棒性,减少了传统滑模控制带来的系统“抖振”现象。

基于改进指数趋近律和自适应龙伯格观测器的PMSM速度环滑模控制

为了提高永磁同步电机驱动系统的速度控制性能,提出一种基于改进指数趋近律和自适应龙伯格观测器的滑模控制策略。针对传统指数趋近律收敛速度慢的问题,提出一种基于非线性自适应函数的指数趋近律,基于该趋近律的滑模控制策略使系统具有更快的收敛速度和更小的抖振,引入的自适应函数解决了趋近律的指数项导数不连续的问题。针对传统的龙伯格观测器性能差的问题,提出一种自适应龙伯格观测器对系统的总扰动进行估计并补偿,该观测器具有更快的响应速度且不影响系统的稳态性能,进一步提升了系统的抗干扰能力和速度跟踪性能。仿真和实验结果表明,在跟踪500 r/min和750 r/min的阶跃速度指令时,系统的调节时间分别为0.44 s和0.71 s;突加5 N·m,10 N·m和20 N·m负载时,系统的调节时间分别为1.16,1.79和1.99 s。本文提出的滑模控制策略能够有效提高系统的稳定性和动态响应性能。

Comparison of Two Novel MRAS Based Strategies for Identifying Parameters in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

Two model reference adaptive system （MRAS） estimators are developed for identifying the parameters of permanent magnet synchronous motors （PMSM） based on the Lyapunov stability theorem and the Popov stability criterion, respectively. The proposed estimators only need online measurement of currents, voltages, and rotor speed to effectively estimate stator resistance, inductance, and rotor flux-linkage simultaneously. The performance of the estimators is compared and verified through simulations and experiments, which show that the two estimators are simple, have good robustness against parameter variation, and are accurate in parameter tracking. However, the estimator based on the Popov stability criterion, which can overcome parameter variation in a practical system, is superior in terms of response speed and convergence speed since there are both proportional and integral units in the estimator, in contrast to only one integral unit in the estimator based on the Lyapunov stability theorem. In addition, the estimator based on the Popov stability criterion does not need the expertise that is required in designing a Lyapunov function.

基于谐振改进型单自由度自抗扰控制器的PMSM转速波动抑制策略

高性能系统期望电机输出平滑且稳定的转速。然而,永磁同步电机驱动系统的转速环遭受多源扰动影响,导致电机输出转速呈现非周期和周期波动。为了抑制转速环中多源扰动,该文提出一种谐振改进型单自由度自抗扰控制器(active disturbance rejection controller,ADRC)。单自由度ADRC保留了传统ADRC对非周期扰动的抑制能力。在此基础上,该文采用准谐振控制器拓展单自由度ADRC观测器在特定频率处的带宽,以进一步提高单自由度ADRC对周期扰动的抑制能力。因此,所提方法可以同时抑制转速的非周期和周期波动进而提高转速的控制性能。此外,该文利用Nyquist稳定判据分析所提方法的稳定性。最后,通过实验验证所提方法的有效性。

Finite-Control-Set Model Predictive Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive Systems——An Overview

Permanent magnet synchronous motors(PMSMs)have been widely employed in the industry. Finite-control-set model predictive control(FCS-MPC), as an advanced control scheme, has been developed and applied to improve the performance and efficiency of the holistic PMSM drive systems. Based on the three elements of model predictive control, this paper provides an overview of the superiority of the FCS-MPC control scheme and its shortcomings in current applications. The problems of parameter mismatch, computational burden, and unfixed switching frequency are summarized. Moreover, other performance improvement schemes, such as the multi-vector application strategy, delay compensation scheme, and weight factor adjustment, are reviewed. Finally, future trends in this field is discussed, and several promising research topics are highlighted.

计及磁链和电流的PMSM DTC系统中功率器件键合线老化监测方法

在闭环控制系统中,基于电参数的功率器件老化监测方法是电力电子可靠性领域的难点之一。以永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统为例,研究基于磁链相图和电流的功率逆变器中功率器件老化状态的在线监测方法。首先,分析功率器件老化的特征,得到键合线老化引起通态电阻增加的结论;其次,研究得到功率器件键合线老化与磁链相图、直轴电流和三相电流峰值变化的关系,进而提出功率器件键合线老化的监测方法;最后,通过多组仿真实验验证了基于磁链相图和电流的在线监测方法均可实现功率逆变器中功率器件键合线老化状态的在线监测。其中,基于磁链相图的在线监测方法需要系统磁链出现一些波动时才易观测,此时功率器件处于失效状态,该方法并不可取;而基于三相电流的监测方法能够更为精确地监测功率器件老化状况,效果更为优越。

Permanent Magnet Shape Optimization Method for PMSM Air Gap Flux Density Harmonics Reduction

This paper proposed a permanent magnet optimization method to suppress the air gap flux density harmonic of permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM).The method corrected the effective air gap length of the motor,calculated the magnetization length of the permanent in the case of parallel magnetization,and took the influence of the permanent magnet relative permeability into consideration.Based on these works,for a given sinusoidal air gap flux density waveform,the corresponding structural parameters can be calculated,so as to achieve the optimization of the permanent magnet.By using this method to optimize the shape of the magnet,the fundamental wave of the air gap flux density can be retained to the greatest extent,so as to eliminate harmonics and maintain the output capacity at the same time.The feasibility and accuracy of the method have been verified by finite element analysis(FEA)and prototype machine experiment.This method is simple and time-saving,and has a satisfactory accuracy,which provides a reference method for permanent magnet optimization of PMSM.

基于复合非奇异快速终端滑模算法的PMSM位置控制

针对永磁同步电机(PMSM)位置控制系统在参数摄动和负载扰动等各种不确定性下的位置跟踪精度低和鲁棒性差的问题,提出了一种结合非奇异快速终端滑模控制(NFTSMC)和扰动观测器的复合控制策略。首先,NFTSMC采用了具有全局快速收敛特性的非线性滑模面,结合连续的滑模控制率设计了位置控制器,通过Lyapunov定理证明了其稳定性。然后,为了进一步提高永磁同步电机位置控制系统的鲁棒性,引入扩张状态观测器来精确估计系统的集总扰动并对位置控制器进行前馈补偿。最后,仿真与实验结果表明,与传统的滑模相比,所提出的复合滑模控制策略具有更快的动态响应、更高的跟踪精度和更强的鲁棒性。

Analysis for Rotor Losses of High Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

This paper presents an analysis based on analytical method for solid rotor motors for determining the rotor eddy current losses due to the current harmonics of the stator winding. The accuracy of the analytical results is verified by experiments.

Vector control of permanent magnet synchronous motor based on dynamic matrix control

Aiming at the control problem of strongly nonlinear and coupled permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)oil rig,this paper presents a predictive control method based on dynamic matrix model.In this method,the dynamic matrix algorithm using multistep prediction technique is applied to the speed loop control of the motor vector control.And its control effect is compared with the traditional proportional integral(PI)control of the motor.By comparing the initial dynamic response and the steady-state recovery under load interference of the two methods,it is shown that the dynamic response and the robustness of the motor controlled by the new method is better than that controlled by conventional PI method.And the feasibility of new control in the application of PMSM oil rig is verified.

积分型非奇异终端滑模PMSM无传感器控制系统

针对永磁同步电机中高速情况下传统的滑模观测器估算精度低且存在较强抖振的问题,提出一种基于改进型滑模观测器的PMSM矢量控制方法。基于非线性滑模面理论分析,构建一种积分型非奇异终端滑模面,有效降低了抖振现象,提高了系统的观测精确度;并设计了一种自适应反电动势滤波器,使反电动势能随观测器自适应调节,且谐波含量低,进一步提升动态精度;最后,利用正交锁相环原理调制出电机转子位置信息,将提出的新型控制方法应用到永磁同步电机调速系统,与传统滑模控制进行对比。仿真和实验表明,提出的基于新型滑模观测器的永磁同步电机控制系统跟踪精度高、鲁棒性强,动、静态响应好。

PMSM中滑模控制时的混沌机理分析

在一定参数条件下永磁同步电机会出现非线性混沌行为,主要表现为转矩、转速振荡等,导致系统性能不稳定。为此,在实际电机平台上进行滑模控制SMC(slidemodelcontrol)实验,通过合理的方法处理数据后,绘制相应的系统相图并与无滑模控制作对比,从另一角度验证了混沌现象。在永磁同步电机混沌运动分析模型的基础上,利用稳定性理论和平衡点性质在理论上研究永磁同步电机的混沌动态行为。实验结果与数值仿真一致,验证了混沌现象的存在性及此理论分析的正确性,同时,表明滑模控制对混沌现象具有较优的抑制作用。

A Novel Sinusoidal-Wave Permanent Magnetic Motor with High Power Density

A novel high power-density PMSM (permanent magnetic synchronous motor) with independent magnetic flux path for each phase is proposed in the paper. The complex ma thematic model of PMSM is simplified by decoupling of magnetic flux paths between motor phases. In addition, harmonic components are lowered through optimum design of EMF (electric motive force) wave. Thus the ripple torque caused by EMF wave distortion is suppressed. Key words PMSM (permanent magnetic synchronous motor) - phase decoupling - optimum design of back EMF(electric motive force)

基于两级滤波的改进滑模观测器PMSM无速度传感器控制

针对永磁同步电动机(permanent magnet synchronous motor,PMSM)伺服系统中由滑模观测器引起的位置估算误差以及抖振问题,提出了一种改进的两级滤波滑模观测器。首先,根据PMSM的数学模型,设计了利用传统滑模观测器估计定子电流和反电动势的估计算法;其次,分析了传统滑模观测器在PMSM伺服系统应用中的不足;再次,提出了一种新的饱和函数以代替传统的符号函数,改进了滑模观测器的控制律;最后,通过变截止频率滤波器和卡尔曼滤波器组成的二级滤波器,得到PMSM转子更精确的位置估计信息。利用Matlab,对使用了传统观测器的系统和使用改进的观测器的系统分别进行了仿真,仿真结果表明:与使用了传统观测器的PMSM伺服系统相比,使用了改进观测器的PMSM伺服系统转速误差更小、估算结果更准确。

Model predictive flux control of permanent magnet synchronous motor driven by three-level inverter based on fine-division strategy

Aiming at the difficulty of setting the weight coefficient in the value function of model predictive torque control(MPTC)for permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)driven by three-level inverter,a fine-division model predictive flux control(MPFC)method is proposed.First,establish a mathematical model between the motor torque and the stator flux linkage according to the mathematical equations of PMSM.Thus,the control of the motor torque and stator flux linkage in the MPTC is transformed into the control of a single stator flux linkage vector,omitting the cumbersome weight setting process in the traditional MPTC.The midpoint potential control strategy is proposed,which uses the characteristics of redundant small vectors to balance the midpoint potential.After that,a fine-division strategy is proposed,which effectively reduces the number of candidate vectors and the computational burden of the system.Finally,the proposed MPFC is compared with MPTC by simulation.The results show that the proposed fine-division MPFC effectively reduces the system calculation,and has the advantages of simple principle and better dynamic and steady-state control performance.The feasibility of the control strategy is verified.