The main objective of this study is to determine the hydrogeochemical specificities of the groundwater of the Angovia mine operating permit, located in the Yaouré mountains in the center-west of Côte d’Ivoi...The main objective of this study is to determine the hydrogeochemical specificities of the groundwater of the Angovia mine operating permit, located in the Yaouré mountains in the center-west of Côte d’Ivoire. To do so, descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis methods with the SOM (Self Organizing Maps) algorithm were applied to the physicochemical parameters of 17 boreholes using the calcite (ISC) and dolomite (ISD) saturation indices. The results obtained have shown that the groundwater in the Angovia mine operating permit area has an average temperature of 27.52°C (long rainy season) and 27.87°C (long dry season) and has an average pH of 7.09 ± 0.35 during the main rainy season and 7.32 ± 0.35 during the main dry season. They are mineralized with an average electrical conductivity of 505.98 ± 302.85 μS/cm during the long rainy season and with 450.33 ± 233.74 μS/cm as average during the long dry season. The main phenomena at the origin of groundwater mineralization are water residence time, oxidation-reduction and surface inflow. The study of the relative age of the water shows that the groundwater in the Angovia mine operating permit area is mainly undersaturated with respect to calcite and dolomite. They are therefore very old in the aquifer with a slow circulation speed during the long rainy season and the long dry season.展开更多
Nowadays our earth is faced with grim challenge of global climate change. All countries should go into action jointly to mitigate climate change. Carbon emission permit allocation and trading are two important issues ...Nowadays our earth is faced with grim challenge of global climate change. All countries should go into action jointly to mitigate climate change. Carbon emission permit allocation and trading are two important issues to realize global cooperation. In this paper two kinds of comprehensive carbon emission permit allocation methods not only considering equity but also efficiency were advanced. After the carbon permit price was determined, the trading situations in various regions or countries in the world and the global benefits gained from emission trading were expounded. Moreover, the impact of carbon emission permit trading on Chinas economy was analyzed.展开更多
An eddy-permitting, quasi-global oceanic general circulation model, LICOM (LASG/IAP (State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics...An eddy-permitting, quasi-global oceanic general circulation model, LICOM (LASG/IAP (State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics) Climate System Ocean Model), with a uniform grid of 0.5? × 0.5? is established. Forced by wind stresses from Hellerman and Rosenstain (1983), a 40-yr integration is conducted with sea surface temperature and salinity being restored to the Levitus 94 datasets. The evaluation of the annual mean climatology of the LICOM control run shows that the large-scale circulation can be well reproduced. A comparison between the LICOM control run and a parallel integration of L30T63, which has the same framework but a coarse resolution, is also made to con?rm the impact of resolution on the model performance. On account of the reduction of horizontal viscosity with the enhancement of the horizontal resolution, LICOM improves the simulation with respect to not only the intensity of the large scale circulations, but also the magnitude and structure of the Equatorial Undercurrent and South Equatorial Current. Taking advantage of the ?ne grid size, the pathway of the Indonesian Through?ow (ITF) is better represented in LICOM than in L30T63. The transport of ITF in LICOM is more convergent in the upper layer. As a consequence, the Indian Ocean tends to get warmer in LICOM. The poleward heat transports for both the global and individual basins are also signi?cantly improved in LICOM. A decomposed analysis indicates that the transport due to the barotropic gyre, which primarily stands for the barotropic e?ect of the western boundary currents, plays a crucial role in making the di?erence.展开更多
A quasi-global eddy permitting oceanic GCM, LICOM1.0, is run with the forcing of ERA40 daily wind stress from 1958 to 2001. The modelled Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) is reasonable in the aspects of both its water sour...A quasi-global eddy permitting oceanic GCM, LICOM1.0, is run with the forcing of ERA40 daily wind stress from 1958 to 2001. The modelled Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) is reasonable in the aspects of both its water source and major pathways. Compared with the observation, the simulated annual mean and seasonal cycle of the ITF transport are fairly realistic. The interannual variation of the tropical Pacific Ocean plays a more important role in the interannual variability of the ITF transport. The relationship between the ITF and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) also reflects the influence of ENSO. However, the relationship between the ITF transport and the interannual anomalies in the Pacific and Indian Oceans vary with time. During some years, (e.g., 1994), the effect of a strong IOD on the ITF transport is more than that from ENSO.展开更多
With the aid of Matlab software, the peaks of China's carbon emissions and their appearing time in three situations were simulated, and the shallow price of carbon emission permit and its effects on China's economic...With the aid of Matlab software, the peaks of China's carbon emissions and their appearing time in three situations were simulated, and the shallow price of carbon emission permit and its effects on China's economic growth were analyzed. The results show that it is most effective and feasible to reduce energy consumption per GDP by 25%, and the peak of China's carbon emissions will appear in 2017. As a result, energy conser- vation and emission reduction is realized, and China's international talk power about carbon emission will improved. However, the shallow price and permit rate of carbon emission permit calculated in the situation are the lowest, and the adverse impact of the initial price of carbon emissions on China's economic growth is the largest. Therefore, consideration should be given to both the promotion of pricing and trading of carbon emission permit to reduction of carbon emissions and their adverse effects on GDP in China.展开更多
著名辞书作者 Michael Swan 在其 Practical English Usage(《英语用法指南》)一书中 p.41上写道,allow 可以与状语小品词连用,而 permit 不能这样用,其例证如下:She wouldn’t allow me in.Mary isn’t allowed out at night.然而,Long...著名辞书作者 Michael Swan 在其 Practical English Usage(《英语用法指南》)一书中 p.41上写道,allow 可以与状语小品词连用,而 permit 不能这样用,其例证如下:She wouldn’t allow me in.Mary isn’t allowed out at night.然而,Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs 一书却收有 permit 与状语小品词连用的词条和例证,现摘录如下:展开更多
Finance It is permitted to establish Sino-foreign joint-venture financial companies, wholly foreign-owned financial companies, and Sino-foreign joint-venture banks, provided that both sides in the joint venture are fi...Finance It is permitted to establish Sino-foreign joint-venture financial companies, wholly foreign-owned financial companies, and Sino-foreign joint-venture banks, provided that both sides in the joint venture are financial institutions, and the foreign side has a representative office in China.展开更多
In order to carry out the Implementation Plan of the Pollutant Emission Controlled Permit System,in accordance with the relevant requirements in the Notice on the Implementation of the Management of Discharge Permits ...In order to carry out the Implementation Plan of the Pollutant Emission Controlled Permit System,in accordance with the relevant requirements in the Notice on the Implementation of the Management of Discharge Permits for Elevated Sources from Thermal Power Generation,Paper Industries,and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Pilot Cities,and Notice on Printing and Distributing the Key Points of the National Environmental Monitoring and Law Enforcement Work in 2017,the Ministry of Environmental Protection formulated and published the Work Plan for Law Enforcement Inspection of Discharge Permits for Thermal Power Generation and Paper Industry(No.66,Environmental Monitoring Management Measures[2017])on August 14th,2017.展开更多
The following contribution aims at explaining BNetzA’s role in energy infrastructure regulation and planning/permitting of high-voltage electricity nationwide and cross-border transmission lines. It shows the interpl...The following contribution aims at explaining BNetzA’s role in energy infrastructure regulation and planning/permitting of high-voltage electricity nationwide and cross-border transmission lines. It shows the interplay of the two main regulatory instruments and the planning/permitting task as well as more generally the changing role of the regulator in the era of energy transition. The article is based on two presentations on the topic, one at the VIIth WFER in Mexico in March 2018 and one at a conference on “The Governance of Maintenance and Investment in Infrastructures” of the University of Paris-Dauphine in April 2018.展开更多
The purpose of this article is to analyze the effectiveness of a pollution management system through individual permits that are distributed to young people with overlapping generations.From a general equilibrium mode...The purpose of this article is to analyze the effectiveness of a pollution management system through individual permits that are distributed to young people with overlapping generations.From a general equilibrium model,the results show that such a system provides the conditions for optimal pollution management.But because of the non-cooperative behavior of the actors,this policy cannot institute intergenerational altruism.Incentives such as tax or subsidy are needed to get the receiving population to better choose between the physical good whose production satisfies their needs and the quality of the environment that depends on their option to sell the permits to firms or the future generation.展开更多
文摘The main objective of this study is to determine the hydrogeochemical specificities of the groundwater of the Angovia mine operating permit, located in the Yaouré mountains in the center-west of Côte d’Ivoire. To do so, descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis methods with the SOM (Self Organizing Maps) algorithm were applied to the physicochemical parameters of 17 boreholes using the calcite (ISC) and dolomite (ISD) saturation indices. The results obtained have shown that the groundwater in the Angovia mine operating permit area has an average temperature of 27.52°C (long rainy season) and 27.87°C (long dry season) and has an average pH of 7.09 ± 0.35 during the main rainy season and 7.32 ± 0.35 during the main dry season. They are mineralized with an average electrical conductivity of 505.98 ± 302.85 μS/cm during the long rainy season and with 450.33 ± 233.74 μS/cm as average during the long dry season. The main phenomena at the origin of groundwater mineralization are water residence time, oxidation-reduction and surface inflow. The study of the relative age of the water shows that the groundwater in the Angovia mine operating permit area is mainly undersaturated with respect to calcite and dolomite. They are therefore very old in the aquifer with a slow circulation speed during the long rainy season and the long dry season.
文摘Nowadays our earth is faced with grim challenge of global climate change. All countries should go into action jointly to mitigate climate change. Carbon emission permit allocation and trading are two important issues to realize global cooperation. In this paper two kinds of comprehensive carbon emission permit allocation methods not only considering equity but also efficiency were advanced. After the carbon permit price was determined, the trading situations in various regions or countries in the world and the global benefits gained from emission trading were expounded. Moreover, the impact of carbon emission permit trading on Chinas economy was analyzed.
基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences "Innovation Program" (Grant No. ZKCX2-SW-210) the National Key Program for Developing Basic Sciences (Grant No.ZKCX2-SW-210)+1 种基金 the National Key Program for Developing Basic Sciences (Grant G 1999043808 , G2000078502) the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 40233031 , 40231004.
文摘An eddy-permitting, quasi-global oceanic general circulation model, LICOM (LASG/IAP (State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics) Climate System Ocean Model), with a uniform grid of 0.5? × 0.5? is established. Forced by wind stresses from Hellerman and Rosenstain (1983), a 40-yr integration is conducted with sea surface temperature and salinity being restored to the Levitus 94 datasets. The evaluation of the annual mean climatology of the LICOM control run shows that the large-scale circulation can be well reproduced. A comparison between the LICOM control run and a parallel integration of L30T63, which has the same framework but a coarse resolution, is also made to con?rm the impact of resolution on the model performance. On account of the reduction of horizontal viscosity with the enhancement of the horizontal resolution, LICOM improves the simulation with respect to not only the intensity of the large scale circulations, but also the magnitude and structure of the Equatorial Undercurrent and South Equatorial Current. Taking advantage of the ?ne grid size, the pathway of the Indonesian Through?ow (ITF) is better represented in LICOM than in L30T63. The transport of ITF in LICOM is more convergent in the upper layer. As a consequence, the Indian Ocean tends to get warmer in LICOM. The poleward heat transports for both the global and individual basins are also signi?cantly improved in LICOM. A decomposed analysis indicates that the transport due to the barotropic gyre, which primarily stands for the barotropic e?ect of the western boundary currents, plays a crucial role in making the di?erence.
基金This work was jointly supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences“Innovation Program”under Grant No.KZCX2-SW-210the National Key Basic Research of China under Grant No.G2000078502the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.40233031,40375030,and 40405017.
文摘A quasi-global eddy permitting oceanic GCM, LICOM1.0, is run with the forcing of ERA40 daily wind stress from 1958 to 2001. The modelled Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) is reasonable in the aspects of both its water source and major pathways. Compared with the observation, the simulated annual mean and seasonal cycle of the ITF transport are fairly realistic. The interannual variation of the tropical Pacific Ocean plays a more important role in the interannual variability of the ITF transport. The relationship between the ITF and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) also reflects the influence of ENSO. However, the relationship between the ITF transport and the interannual anomalies in the Pacific and Indian Oceans vary with time. During some years, (e.g., 1994), the effect of a strong IOD on the ITF transport is more than that from ENSO.
基金Supported by the Social Science Foundation of Yangtze University(2014csq013)
文摘With the aid of Matlab software, the peaks of China's carbon emissions and their appearing time in three situations were simulated, and the shallow price of carbon emission permit and its effects on China's economic growth were analyzed. The results show that it is most effective and feasible to reduce energy consumption per GDP by 25%, and the peak of China's carbon emissions will appear in 2017. As a result, energy conser- vation and emission reduction is realized, and China's international talk power about carbon emission will improved. However, the shallow price and permit rate of carbon emission permit calculated in the situation are the lowest, and the adverse impact of the initial price of carbon emissions on China's economic growth is the largest. Therefore, consideration should be given to both the promotion of pricing and trading of carbon emission permit to reduction of carbon emissions and their adverse effects on GDP in China.
文摘著名辞书作者 Michael Swan 在其 Practical English Usage(《英语用法指南》)一书中 p.41上写道,allow 可以与状语小品词连用,而 permit 不能这样用,其例证如下:She wouldn’t allow me in.Mary isn’t allowed out at night.然而,Longman Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs 一书却收有 permit 与状语小品词连用的词条和例证,现摘录如下:
文摘Finance It is permitted to establish Sino-foreign joint-venture financial companies, wholly foreign-owned financial companies, and Sino-foreign joint-venture banks, provided that both sides in the joint venture are financial institutions, and the foreign side has a representative office in China.
文摘In order to carry out the Implementation Plan of the Pollutant Emission Controlled Permit System,in accordance with the relevant requirements in the Notice on the Implementation of the Management of Discharge Permits for Elevated Sources from Thermal Power Generation,Paper Industries,and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Pilot Cities,and Notice on Printing and Distributing the Key Points of the National Environmental Monitoring and Law Enforcement Work in 2017,the Ministry of Environmental Protection formulated and published the Work Plan for Law Enforcement Inspection of Discharge Permits for Thermal Power Generation and Paper Industry(No.66,Environmental Monitoring Management Measures[2017])on August 14th,2017.
文摘The following contribution aims at explaining BNetzA’s role in energy infrastructure regulation and planning/permitting of high-voltage electricity nationwide and cross-border transmission lines. It shows the interplay of the two main regulatory instruments and the planning/permitting task as well as more generally the changing role of the regulator in the era of energy transition. The article is based on two presentations on the topic, one at the VIIth WFER in Mexico in March 2018 and one at a conference on “The Governance of Maintenance and Investment in Infrastructures” of the University of Paris-Dauphine in April 2018.
文摘The purpose of this article is to analyze the effectiveness of a pollution management system through individual permits that are distributed to young people with overlapping generations.From a general equilibrium model,the results show that such a system provides the conditions for optimal pollution management.But because of the non-cooperative behavior of the actors,this policy cannot institute intergenerational altruism.Incentives such as tax or subsidy are needed to get the receiving population to better choose between the physical good whose production satisfies their needs and the quality of the environment that depends on their option to sell the permits to firms or the future generation.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China [Grant No.2016YFC1401705]the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant Nos.41176015 and41776041]+2 种基金the Chinese Academy Sciences Project ‘Western Pacific Ocean System:Structure,Dynamics and Consequences’[Grant No.XDA11010203]confidencial military project [Grant No.315030401]the State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences [Project No.LTO1501]