Background:We investigated the criteria that hospitalized patients in intensive care units(ICUs)deem important when designating relatives who are best qualified to interact with the caregiving staff.Methods:We conduct...Background:We investigated the criteria that hospitalized patients in intensive care units(ICUs)deem important when designating relatives who are best qualified to interact with the caregiving staff.Methods:We conducted an exploratory,observational,prospective,multicenter study between March 1,2018,and October 31,2018,within two ICUs.A 12-item questionnaire was distributed to patients in the ICUs by the investigating physicians.Patients were considered eligible if they had a good understanding of the French language and if they had not officially designated surrogates before ICU admission.Results:Seventy-one patients whose average age was 63.9±17.3 years,of whom 21(29.5%)were females,completed the questionnaire.The average Charlson comorbidity score was 2.5±2.4,and the average Simplified Acute Physiology Score(SAPS II)was 39.8±16.5.The main etiology was respiratory infection(40.8%),followed by sepsis(23.9%).The most important criteria identified by patients when selecting reference persons were a good knowledge of the patient’s wishes and values,an emotional attachment to the patient,and being a family member.Conclusion:Our findings reveal that ICU patients considered the following criteria to be critical when designating reference persons:knowledge of their wishes and the existence of emotional and family attachments.展开更多
Talking about and referring to others is a fundamentally human activity that relies on the meaningful use of referring expressions for interlocuters to be able to identify the specific individual( s) being spoken of. ...Talking about and referring to others is a fundamentally human activity that relies on the meaningful use of referring expressions for interlocuters to be able to identify the specific individual( s) being spoken of. With a primary focus on practices for referring to third parties,the broad aim of this paper is to show that whilst the selection of referring expression is based on complex,deeply social and cultural conventions,it is also a highly systematic and orderly activity. More specifically,this paper explores an interactional 'puzzle' contained in a single piece of data,in which a daughter — in conversation with her mother — refers to her father( her mother's ex-husband) in three different ways in quick succession. In doing so,we illustrate the potential interactional import of referring expressions for accomplishing social action beyond indexing an individual. In analysing this single case,one procedure for doing conversation analytic work is also illustrated. That is,in contrast to building and analysing collections,this paper draws on and applies what is already known from previous conversation analytic literature about practices for referring to persons. In analysing one fragment in which reference to a third party is made,we will review the fundamentals of the organisation of person reference in English.展开更多
文摘Background:We investigated the criteria that hospitalized patients in intensive care units(ICUs)deem important when designating relatives who are best qualified to interact with the caregiving staff.Methods:We conducted an exploratory,observational,prospective,multicenter study between March 1,2018,and October 31,2018,within two ICUs.A 12-item questionnaire was distributed to patients in the ICUs by the investigating physicians.Patients were considered eligible if they had a good understanding of the French language and if they had not officially designated surrogates before ICU admission.Results:Seventy-one patients whose average age was 63.9±17.3 years,of whom 21(29.5%)were females,completed the questionnaire.The average Charlson comorbidity score was 2.5±2.4,and the average Simplified Acute Physiology Score(SAPS II)was 39.8±16.5.The main etiology was respiratory infection(40.8%),followed by sepsis(23.9%).The most important criteria identified by patients when selecting reference persons were a good knowledge of the patient’s wishes and values,an emotional attachment to the patient,and being a family member.Conclusion:Our findings reveal that ICU patients considered the following criteria to be critical when designating reference persons:knowledge of their wishes and the existence of emotional and family attachments.
文摘Talking about and referring to others is a fundamentally human activity that relies on the meaningful use of referring expressions for interlocuters to be able to identify the specific individual( s) being spoken of. With a primary focus on practices for referring to third parties,the broad aim of this paper is to show that whilst the selection of referring expression is based on complex,deeply social and cultural conventions,it is also a highly systematic and orderly activity. More specifically,this paper explores an interactional 'puzzle' contained in a single piece of data,in which a daughter — in conversation with her mother — refers to her father( her mother's ex-husband) in three different ways in quick succession. In doing so,we illustrate the potential interactional import of referring expressions for accomplishing social action beyond indexing an individual. In analysing this single case,one procedure for doing conversation analytic work is also illustrated. That is,in contrast to building and analysing collections,this paper draws on and applies what is already known from previous conversation analytic literature about practices for referring to persons. In analysing one fragment in which reference to a third party is made,we will review the fundamentals of the organisation of person reference in English.
