Pests and diseases are one of the most important disasters facing crops in China. In order to solve the limitations of the existing pests and diseases insurance products in the aspects of fuzzy definition of insurance...Pests and diseases are one of the most important disasters facing crops in China. In order to solve the limitations of the existing pests and diseases insurance products in the aspects of fuzzy definition of insurance liability,different setting of claim points,and the design and operation of moral hazard and adverse selection,this paper puts forward a new idea of applying meteorological index insurance to the risk management of pests and diseases,which can be summarized as the following four parts: acquisition and collation of data,determination of the production reduction caused by the pests and diseases,the selection of meteorological factors of pests and disasters and the construction of index,and the setting of the pure rate of insurance. In the future,in the study of meteorological index insurance for crop pests and diseases,we should strengthen the cooperation among meteorology,plant conservation,insurance and agronomy,and other interdisciplinary fields,scientifically quantify the production reduction caused by pests and diseases,and pay attention to the information exchange among the government,the insurance company and the farmers.展开更多
中国森林生物灾害发生频繁,整理与制作相关灾害数据集对森林生物灾害系统监测布局、风险评估及防控决策具有重要的科学意义。本数据集在整合《中国林业统计年鉴》(1998–2017)和《中国林业和草原统计年鉴》(2018–2019)发布的年度森林...中国森林生物灾害发生频繁,整理与制作相关灾害数据集对森林生物灾害系统监测布局、风险评估及防控决策具有重要的科学意义。本数据集在整合《中国林业统计年鉴》(1998–2017)和《中国林业和草原统计年鉴》(2018–2019)发布的年度森林生物灾害面积数据及森林资源面积数据基础上,构建并计算得到全国及各省区灾害总体及不同类型生物灾害的森林生物灾害发生指数(Forest Pest Outbreak index,FPOI)、灾害发生率(Forest Pest Occurrence Area Rate,FPOAR)两个系列指标集。验证表明,上述两个指标及距平数据集能够较好地反映出不同尺度中国森林生物灾害时空分布及变化特征,可为森林生物灾害格局与趋势分析及影响因素研究、精准地防控决策提供有效数据支撑。展开更多
It is a whole newly conception and method to use the forest pest indexes of China to monitor the situation and population dynamics of forest pests. It’s included two parts, one is the component indexes (forest pest, ...It is a whole newly conception and method to use the forest pest indexes of China to monitor the situation and population dynamics of forest pests. It’s included two parts, one is the component indexes (forest pest, disease and rodents), the other is area indexes (provinces and municipalities etc.). It is annunciated real timely on the internet. The principle of the indexes programming, and its basis purpose and signification were discussed. Java technique was applied in the indexes programming.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(71773067)
文摘Pests and diseases are one of the most important disasters facing crops in China. In order to solve the limitations of the existing pests and diseases insurance products in the aspects of fuzzy definition of insurance liability,different setting of claim points,and the design and operation of moral hazard and adverse selection,this paper puts forward a new idea of applying meteorological index insurance to the risk management of pests and diseases,which can be summarized as the following four parts: acquisition and collation of data,determination of the production reduction caused by the pests and diseases,the selection of meteorological factors of pests and disasters and the construction of index,and the setting of the pure rate of insurance. In the future,in the study of meteorological index insurance for crop pests and diseases,we should strengthen the cooperation among meteorology,plant conservation,insurance and agronomy,and other interdisciplinary fields,scientifically quantify the production reduction caused by pests and diseases,and pay attention to the information exchange among the government,the insurance company and the farmers.
文摘中国森林生物灾害发生频繁,整理与制作相关灾害数据集对森林生物灾害系统监测布局、风险评估及防控决策具有重要的科学意义。本数据集在整合《中国林业统计年鉴》(1998–2017)和《中国林业和草原统计年鉴》(2018–2019)发布的年度森林生物灾害面积数据及森林资源面积数据基础上,构建并计算得到全国及各省区灾害总体及不同类型生物灾害的森林生物灾害发生指数(Forest Pest Outbreak index,FPOI)、灾害发生率(Forest Pest Occurrence Area Rate,FPOAR)两个系列指标集。验证表明,上述两个指标及距平数据集能够较好地反映出不同尺度中国森林生物灾害时空分布及变化特征,可为森林生物灾害格局与趋势分析及影响因素研究、精准地防控决策提供有效数据支撑。
文摘It is a whole newly conception and method to use the forest pest indexes of China to monitor the situation and population dynamics of forest pests. It’s included two parts, one is the component indexes (forest pest, disease and rodents), the other is area indexes (provinces and municipalities etc.). It is annunciated real timely on the internet. The principle of the indexes programming, and its basis purpose and signification were discussed. Java technique was applied in the indexes programming.