Review of Plant Essential Oils for Plant Pests Management

This paper reviews the origins and classification of plant essential oil resources,along with prevalent extraction techniques for their active constituents.By integrating insights on the utilization of plant essential oils for plant pest management,the comprehensive analysis reveals multiple functionalities exhibited by plant essential oils,including fumigation,contact toxicity,repellent action,antifeedant activity,and growth inhibition.Furthermore,the paper highlights the challenges associated with plant essential oils in plant protection and outlines future research directions,aiming to offer valuable insights for the advancement of botanical insecticides.

Imperative for long-term management and surveillance in Kawasaki disease

Kawasaki disease(KD)is a significant pediatric vasculitis known for its potential to cause severe coronary artery complications.Despite the effectiveness of initial treatments,such as intravenous immunoglobulin,KD patients can experience long-term cardiovascular issues,as evidenced by a recent case report of an adult who suffered a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction due to previous KD in the World Journal of Clinical Cases.This editorial emphasizes the critical need for long-term management and regular surveillance to prevent such complications.By drawing on recent research and case studies,we advocate for a structured approach to follow-up care that includes routine cardiac evaluations and preventive measures.

Enhancing perianal disease management with integrated physical and psychological approaches

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the study by Hou et al,focusing on the complex interplay between psychological and physical factors in the postoperative recovery(POR)of patients with perianal diseases.The study sheds light on how illness perception,anxiety,and depression significantly influence recovery outcomes.Hou et al developed a predictive model that demonstrated high accuracy in identifying patients at risk of poor recovery.The article explores the critical role of pre-operative psychological assessment,highlighting the need for mental health support and personalized recovery plans in enhancing POR quality.A multidisciplinary approach,integrating mental health professionals with surgeons,anesthesiologists,and other specialists,is emphasized to ensure comprehensive care for patients.The study’s findings serve as a call to integrate psychological care into surgical practice to optimize outcomes for patients with perianal diseases.

Revolutionizing diabetic retinopathy screening and management:The role of artificial intelligence and machine learning

Diabetic retinopathy(DR)remains a leading cause of vision impairment and blindness among individuals with diabetes,necessitating innovative approaches to screening and management.This editorial explores the transformative potential of artificial intelligence(AI)and machine learning(ML)in revolutionizing DR care.AI and ML technologies have demonstrated remarkable advancements in enhancing the accuracy,efficiency,and accessibility of DR screening,helping to overcome barriers to early detection.These technologies leverage vast datasets to identify patterns and predict disease progression with unprecedented precision,enabling clinicians to make more informed decisions.Furthermore,AI-driven solutions hold promise in personalizing management strategies for DR,incorpo-rating predictive analytics to tailor interventions and optimize treatment path-ways.By automating routine tasks,AI can reduce the burden on healthcare providers,allowing for a more focused allocation of resources towards complex patient care.This review aims to evaluate the current advancements and applic-ations of AI and ML in DR screening,and to discuss the potential of these techno-logies in developing personalized management strategies,ultimately aiming to improve patient outcomes and reduce the global burden of DR.The integration of AI and ML in DR care represents a paradigm shift,offering a glimpse into the future of ophthalmic healthcare.

Motivational interviewing in postoperative rehabilitation and chronic disease management: Current findings and future research directions

This editorial highlights a recently published study examining the effectiveness of music therapy combined with motivational interviewing(MI)in addressing an-xiety and depression among young and middle-aged patients following percuta-neous coronary intervention.It further explores existing evidence and potential future research directions for MI in postoperative rehabilitation and chronic disease management.MI aims to facilitate behavioral change and promote healthier lifestyles by fostering a trusting relationship with patients and enhan-cing intrinsic motivation.Research has demonstrated its effectiveness in posto-perative recovery for oncological surgery,stroke,organ transplants,and gastroin-testinal procedures,as well as in managing chronic conditions such as diabetes,obesity,and periodontal disease.The approach is patient-centered,adaptable,cost-effective,and easily replicable,though its limitations include reliance on the therapist’s expertise,variability in individual responses,and insufficient long-term follow-up studies.Future research could focus on developing individualized and precise intervention models,exploring applications in digital health management,and confirming long-term outcomes to provide more compre-hensive support for patient rehabilitation.

Association of the glycemic background patterns and the diabetes management efficacy in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes

BACKGROUND Inadequate glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes(T2DM)is a major public health problem and a significant risk factor for the progression of diabetic complications.AIM To evaluate the effects of intensive and supportive glycemic management strategies over a 12-month period in individuals with T2DM with glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)≥10%and varying backgrounds of glycemic control.METHODS This prospective observational study investigated glycemic control in patients with poorly controlled T2DM over 12 months.Participants were categorized into four groups based on prior glycemic history:Newly diagnosed,previously well controlled with recent worsening,previously off-target but now worsening,and HbA1c consistently above 10%.HbA1c levels were monitored quarterly,and patients received medical,educational,and dietary support as needed.The analysis focused on the success rates of good glycemic control and the associated factors within each group.RESULTS The study showed significant improvements in HbA1c levels in all participants.The most significant improvement was observed in individuals newly diagnosed with diabetes:65%achieved an HbA1c target of≤7%.The results varied between participants with different glycemic control histories,followed by decreasing success rates:39%in participants with previously good glycemic control,21%in participants whose glycemic control had deteriorated compared to before,and only 10%in participants with persistently poor control,with mean HbA1c levels of 6.3%,7.7%,8.2%,and 9.7%,respectively.After one year,65.2%of the“newly diagnosed patients”,39.3%in the“previously controlled group”,21.9%in the“previously off-target but now worsened'”group and 10%in the“poorly controlled from the start”group had achieved HbA1c levels of 7 and below.CONCLUSION In poorly controlled diabetes,the rate at which treatment goals are achieved is associated with the glycemic background characteristics,emphasizing the need for tailored strategies.Therefore,different and comprehensive treatment approaches are needed for patients with persistent uncontrolled diabetes.

Solid Waste Management:A MADM Approach Using Fuzzy Parameterized Possibility Single-Valued Neutrosophic Hypersoft Expert Settings

The dramatic rise in the number of people living in cities has made many environmental and social problems worse.The search for a productive method for disposing of solid waste is the most notable of these problems.Many scholars have referred to it as a fuzzy multi-attribute or multi-criteria decision-making problem using various fuzzy set-like approaches because of the inclusion of criteria and anticipated ambiguity.The goal of the current study is to use an innovative methodology to address the expected uncertainties in the problem of solid waste site selection.The characteristics(or sub-attributes)that decision-makers select and the degree of approximation they accept for various options can both be indicators of these uncertainties.To tackle these problems,a novel mathematical structure known as the fuzzy parameterized possibility single valued neutrosophic hypersoft expert set(ρˆ-set),which is initially described,is integrated with a modified version of Sanchez’s method.Following this,an intelligent algorithm is suggested.The steps of the suggested algorithm are explained with an example that explains itself.The compatibility of solid waste management sites and systems is discussed,and rankings are established along with detailed justifications for their viability.This study’s strengths lie in its application of fuzzy parameterization and possibility grading to effectively handle the uncertainties embodied in the parameters’nature and alternative approximations,respectively.It uses specific mathematical formulations to compute the fuzzy parameterized degrees and possibility grades that are missing from the prior literature.It is simpler for the decisionmakers to look at each option separately because the decision is uncertain.Comparing the computed results,it is discovered that they are consistent and dependable because of their preferred properties.

Interest of D-dimer level,severity of COVID-19 and cost of management in Gabon

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is strongly associated with an increased risk of thrombotic events,including severe outcomes such as pulmonary embolism.Elevated D-dimer levels are a critical biomarker for assessing this risk.In Gabon,early implementation of anticoagulation therapy and D-dimer testing has been crucial in managing COVID-19.This study hypothesizes that elevated Ddimer levels are linked to increased COVID-19 severity.AIM To determine the impact of D-dimer levels on COVID-19 severity and their role in guiding clinical decisions.METHODS This retrospective study analyzed COVID-19 patients admitted to two hospitals in Gabon between March 2020 and December 2023.The study included patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnoses and available D-dimer measurements at admission.Data on demographics,clinical outcomes,D-dimer levels,and healthcare costs were collected.COVID-19 severity was classified as non-severe(outpatients)or severe(inpatients).A multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess the relationship between D-dimer levels and disease severity,with adjusted odds ratios(OR)and 95%CI.RESULTS A total of 3004 patients were included,with a mean age of 50.17 years,and the majority were female(53.43%).Elevated D-dimer levels were found in 65.81%of patients,and 57.21%of these experienced severe COVID-19.Univariate analysis showed that patients with elevated D-dimer levels had 3.33 times higher odds of severe COVID-19(OR=3.33,95%CI:2.84-3.92,P<0.001),and this association remained significant in the multivariable analysis,adjusted for age,sex,and year of collection.The financial analysis revealed a substantial burden,particularly for uninsured patients.CONCLUSION D-dimer predicts COVID-19 severity and guides treatment,but the high cost of anticoagulant therapy highlights the need for policies ensuring affordable access in resource-limited settings like Gabon.

Interdependence between Natural Habitats and Ricefields for Rice Pest Management in the Agusan Marsh Floodplain

This paper describes how aquatic insect diversity in major natural habitats of Agusan marsh relates with nearby ricefields to determine the interdependence between them for sustainable rice production through natural pest control and for conservation of aquatic fauna in the marsh. Sampling for one year including two cropping seasons of rice production was conducted in various natural habitats of the marsh and in the adjoining rice fields. Both the natural habitats and rice fields were characterized in relation to determining habitat suitability for aquatic insects. The sedge-dominated swamp had the highest diversity among the natural habitats, while the fern-dominated swamp had the lowest. In the adjacent ricefields, diversity was similarly highest in the site near the sedge-dominated swamp, while the lowest was in the ricefields adjoining the Sago forest. Species composition of aquatic insects among the habitats differed between the wet and dry seasons. However, similarity patterns exist between natural habitats and rice fields. The closer similarity in species composition between natural habitats and ricefields indicates habitat connectivity which is an important consideration in planning and effective pest management and ecologically sound rice farming in the marsh.

Allelopathy Importance, Field Application and Potential Role in Pest Management： A Review

Allelopathy importance and its application under field conditions are reviewed. Recent achievements in the field of plant protection are mainly considered and presented. Natural chemicals of potential use as pesticides, commercialized natural products of pesticidal properties are included. Reported plants of pest control properties, their targeted agricultural pests, formulations, methods of application and activity under field conditions are presented. Allelopathic plant species and implications on their use in the field, positive and negative impacts on cultivated crop species and agricultural pests are discussed. Some research difficulties and experimental methodology problems are mentioned. Prospects of allelopathy as a future strategy for pest management, development of eco-friendly biopesticides and importance for sustainable agriculture and recent developments in allelopathy research are discussed.

“政治-经济-社会-科技”(PEST)视域下数字生态驱动城市科技创新路径研究

中国各城市因中心地位、规模和区位不同,数字资源禀赋和数字生态要素发展具有异质性,对各城市的科技创新产生不同影响。基于此,立足于“政治-经济-社会-科技”(PEST)视角,基于协同演化理论和资源基础理论,以中国226个城市为样本,运用回归和组态研究方法,探索PEST数字生态,即数字政治、数字经济、数字社会及数字技术驱动城市科技创新的路径。研究表明:PEST数字生态与城市科技创新之间呈正“U”型效应,“U”型拐点数字生态指数为62.12,其中69.03%的样本城市在其左侧,30.97%的样本城市分布在其右侧;总体而言不存在导致城市高科技创新的必要条件,数字生态驱动城市高、非高科技创新的组态路径分别为6条(如数字社会和数字技术驱动型,数字产业化、数字社会和数字基础设施主导型,数字政治、数字社会和数字技术驱动型等)和1条(数字政治、数字社会、数字技术和数字产业化缺失型);数字生态驱动城市高科技创新的组态路径具有中心地位、规模和区位异质性。因此,各城市的数字生态建设要切合实际,实施差异化发展战略。

DRG/DIP模式下日间手术运营管理创新PEST分析

目的运用PEST分析的创新方法,对DRG/DIP模式下日间手术运营管理进行探索,以期为管理者提供新的思路。方法根据PEST分析框架,提取关键指标进行分析,根据上述数据和文献分析,提出创新的日间手术运营管理策略。结果需要推动DRG/DIP政策的修订和完善,同时加强手术管理规范,以促进日间手术管理创新;合理分配医疗资源,降低成本,提高综合效益;深入了解患者需求,提高服务质量;加强日间手术管理信息平台建设和全程管理与监测,积极开展新技术,满足患者高品质医疗服务需求。结论推动日间手术持续高质量发展,必须完善相关规范和制度,加强全流程管理。

基于SWOT和PEST分析的模块化麻醉学技能培训教学模型应用

目的探讨基于SWOT和PEST分析的模块化配置麻醉学临床技能培训教学模型在研究生培训过程中的应用。方法选取2022年12月至2023年8月在郑州大学第一附属医院麻醉临床轮转的80名研究生,随机分为观察组(n=40)和对照组(n=40)。对照组采用传统教学方法,观察组采取基于SWOT和PEST分析的模块化配置麻醉学临床技能培训教学模型教学,比较两组研究生的技能考试成绩、案例分析成绩、基础理论成绩,以及对教学满意度评分。结果观察组研究生培训后的技能考试、案例分析、基础理论成绩均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t分别=7.18、8.44、8.69,P均<0.05),观察组带教满意度评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=18.91,P<0.05)。结论基于SWOT和PEST分析的模块化配置麻醉学临床技能培训教学模型在研究生技能培训中的应用可有效提高临床技能水平和综合应用能力,有助于实践能力和临床思维的培养。

Combined Effect of Nutrient and Pest Managements on Substrate Utilization Pattern of Soil Microbial Population in Hybrid Rice Cropping System

A field experiment was conducted to study the combined effect of nutrient andpest managements on soil biomass phospholipid contents, functional biodiversity and substrateutilization patterns of soil microbial populations in hybrid rice cropping system. The mineral N, Pand K fertilizers (as urea, calcium superphosphate and KCl respectively) were incorporated at 100,25, and 100 kg ha^(-1), respectively, and the various pesticides were applied at the recommendedrates. The results of the experiment demonstrated a decline in the microbial abundance and soilmicrobial biomass phospholipid contents with the advancement of crop growth, and significant changesin substrate utilization pattern of soil microbial population studied were observed with differentmanagement practices and at different growth stages. The principal component analysis (PCA) usingall 95-carbon sources (BIOLOG plates) gave good differentiation among the treatments, indicatingthat they have different patterns of carbon utilization under different habitats. The data showedthat diversity in microbial community continuously changed with the progression in crop stage,particularly at physiological maturity (PM) stage that was evident from the utilization of differentcarbon sources at various crop stages.

基于PEST模型的主要发达国家农业气象服务发展及其启示

近年来气候变化带来的负面影响对农业生产产生了切实的影响,各国采取了系统性的措施来更好地应对气候变化的挑战,确保国家粮食安全和农业可持续发展。文中采用PEST模型系统分析了美国、欧洲和以色列等发达国家/地区及农业特色国家在农业气象服务发展上的最新进展和成功经验,结论:1) 在政治方面(Political),这些国家通过完善法律法规体系和优化政策,提供了强大的政策支持和法律保障;2) 在经济方面(Economic),通过农业气象资金支持和农业气象保险大力推动农业气象服务的发展,并为农业从业者应对气象灾害提供了充足的资金保障;3) 在社会方面(Social),通过打造免费共享的高质量农业气象信息服务系列产品和高度重视农业教育,扩大了农业气象服务的影响力并提升了农业从业人员的素质;4) 在技术方面(Technological),通过建立完善的农业气象观测网络,研发改进作物生长模拟模型和推广气候智能型农业,有效地保障了农业气象服务的效率和效益,并推动了农业的绿色可持续发展。这些经验对于促进我国农业气象服务发展具有重要的借鉴意义,能够为推动我国农业气象服务高质量发展提供一定的参考。

基于PEST模型的我国农村医养结合养老服务发展策略研究

我国老龄人口比例逐年攀升,尤其是农村地区,老龄化现象更为严重。文章对我国农村医养结合养老服务的发展状况进行梳理,运用PEST分析模型对其在政治、经济、社会和技术4个方面所面临的困境进行分析研究。在借鉴国外医养结合养老服务实践经验的基础上,针对性地提出加强政策支持、拓宽资金来源、增强宣传和社会参与,以及完善信息建设与人才培养等方面的发展策略,以期对我国农村医养结合养老服务的后续研究与实践提供参考。

An integrated pest management program for managing fusarium head blight disease in cereals

Fusarium head blight(FHB)is a worldwide devastating disease of small grain cereals and Fusarium graminearum species complex(FGSC)is the major pathogen causing the disease.The epidemics of FHB lead to the reduction of grain yield and economic losses.Additionally,mycotoxins produced by the FHB pathogens are hazardous to the health of human and livestock.In this review,we summarize the epidemiology of FHB,and introduce effects of this disease on economy,environment and food safety.We focus on the integrated management approaches for controlling FHB including agronomic practices,resistant cultivars,chemical control,and biocontrol.In addition,we also discuss the potential novel management strategies against FHB and mycotoxin.

Crop diversity and pest management in sustainable agriculture

Large-scale crop monocultures facilitate the proliferation and increasing prevalence of diseases and pest insects.Many studies highlight the impacts of plant diversification upon pathogens,and the population dynamics of insects and beneficial organism in agricultural ecosystems.These studies provide evidence that habitat manipulation techniques such as intercropping,relay,and rotation can significantly improve disease and pest management.This review introduces the concept of crop diversity,considers recent insights and mechanisms underlying crop diversity,and discusses its potential for improving sustainable agricultural practices.Recently,the phytobiomes resulting from increased crop diversity are increasingly recognized for their contribution to disease and pest control.Further,understanding the interactions between pathogens or pests with their host phytobiome may lead to novel options for the prevention of pests.Recent advances in the agricultural systems include:(i)a better understanding of the mechanisms of interactions between crop species and genotypes;(ii)ecological progress including a better understanding of the context-dependency of those interactions;and(iii)the role of microtopographic variation in agricultural systems for priming basal resistance to multiple pests and pathogens by intercropped crops.We also highlight recent progress in China and the potential options for habitat management and design that enhance the ecological role of biodiversity in agroecosystems.

县域医共体急救体系建设SWOT-PEST分析

通过文献研究法和专家咨询进行数据收集,结合SWOT-PEST模型,梳理当前县域医共体急救体系在政治、经济、社会和科技因素所面临的优势与劣势、机遇与威胁,提出县域医共体急救体系建设要坚持目标引领、问题导向和创新驱动,系统谋划加快体系建设,精准施策补齐短板弱项,科技赋能助推高质量发展。

Sustainable Management of Rice Insect Pests by Non-Chemical-Insecticide Technologies in China

Chemical pesticides play crucial roles in the management of crop diseases and pests. However, excessive and irrational use of pesticides has become a major concern and obstacle to sustainable agriculture. As a result, the quality and security of agricultural products are reduced, and the ecological and environmental integrities are threatened. Recently, environment-friendly pest management measures have been introduced and adopted to manage rice insect pests and reduce the use of insecticides. This paper reviewed the advancements in development and application of non-chemical technologies for insect pest management during rice production in China.