The continuous and rapid increase of chemical pollution in surface waters has become a pressing and widely recognized global concern.As emerging contaminants(ECs)in surface waters,pharmaceutical and personal care prod...The continuous and rapid increase of chemical pollution in surface waters has become a pressing and widely recognized global concern.As emerging contaminants(ECs)in surface waters,pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs),and endocrine-disrupting compounds(EDCs)have attracted considerable attention due to their wide occurrence and potential threat to human health.Therefore,a comprehensive understanding of the occurrence and risks of ECs in Chinese surface waters is urgently required.This study summarizes and assesses the environmental occurrence concentrations and ecological risks of 42 pharmaceuticals,15 personal care products(PCPs),and 20 EDCs frequently detected in Chinese surface waters.The ECs were primarily detected in China’s densely populated and highly industrialized regions.Most detected PPCPs and EDCs had concentrations between ng/L toμg/L,whereas norfloxacin,caffeine,and erythromycin had relatively high contamination levels,even exceeding 2000 ng/L.Risk evaluation based on the risk quotient method revealed that 34 PPCPs and EDCs in Chinese surface waters did not pose a significant risk,whereas 4-nonylphenol,4-tert-octylphenol,17α-ethinyl estradiol,17β-estradiol,and triclocarban did.This review provides a comprehensive summary of the occurrence and associated hazards of typical PPCPs and EDCs in Chinese surface waters over the past decade,and will aid in the regulation and control of these ECs in Chinese surface waters。展开更多
药物和个人护理用品(pharmaceutical and personal care products, PPCPs)作为一类新兴的污染物,在环境中的存在、迁移已引起特别关注,成为环境领域热点研究方向。综述液相色谱-质谱联用、气相色谱-质谱联用两类分析检测技术的选择、应...药物和个人护理用品(pharmaceutical and personal care products, PPCPs)作为一类新兴的污染物,在环境中的存在、迁移已引起特别关注,成为环境领域热点研究方向。综述液相色谱-质谱联用、气相色谱-质谱联用两类分析检测技术的选择、应用和发展,风险评价重难点和风险评价方法的选择,活性污泥法、膜处理工艺、碳吸附法等常用控制技术的研究进展。指出水环境中PPCPs污染物识别的标准体系不完善、方法不统一,风险评价无法全面、客观与准确地反映PPCPs的生态影响,控制技术还需进一步加强和提升。展开更多
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)are a unique group of emerging and nonpersistent contaminants.In this study,27 PPCPs in various water samples were extracted by solid phase extraction(SPE),and determin...Pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)are a unique group of emerging and nonpersistent contaminants.In this study,27 PPCPs in various water samples were extracted by solid phase extraction(SPE),and determined by isotope dilution method using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem triple quadruple mass spectrometer(LC-MS/MS).A total of 27 isotopically labeled standards(ILSs)were applied to correct the concentration of PPCPs in spiked ultrapure water,drinking water,river,effluent and influent sewage.The corrected recoveries were 73%-122%with the relative standard deviation(RSD)<16%,except for acetaminophen.The matrix effect for all kinds of water samples was<22%and the method quantitation limits(MQLs)were 0.45-8.6 ng/L.The developed method was successfully applied on environmental water samples.The SPE extracts of spiked ultrapure water,drinking water,river and wastewater effluent were stored for 70 days,and the ILSscorrected recoveries of 27 PPCPs were obtained to evaluate the correction ability of ILSs in the presence of variety interferences.The recoveries of 27 PPCPs over 70 days were within the scope of 72%-140%with the recovery variation<37%in all cases.The isotope dilution method seems to be of benefit when the extract has to be stored for long time before the instrument analysis.展开更多
药品及个人护理用品(pharmaceutical and personal care products,PPCPs)在污水中广泛检出,低浓度的PPCPs即可对生态环境和人体健康产生不利影响,污水处理厂出水排放是水环境PPCPs的重要源。活性污泥和生物膜工艺是目前最常用的污水生...药品及个人护理用品(pharmaceutical and personal care products,PPCPs)在污水中广泛检出,低浓度的PPCPs即可对生态环境和人体健康产生不利影响,污水处理厂出水排放是水环境PPCPs的重要源。活性污泥和生物膜工艺是目前最常用的污水生物处理工艺,这两种工艺涉及的生化过程复杂,影响因素众多,难以有效去除PPCPs。数学模型是污水处理工艺运行优化的重要工具。本文系统阐述了PPCPs去除模型的建立方法,包括物质和微生物组分及PPCPs去除过程的确定、动力学方程及关键系数的测定与校准、活性污泥和生物膜模型的异同等;综述了污水中PPCPs去除模型的应用研究进展,包括用于评价不同微生物对PPCPs的降解性能、探究污水中PPCPs的生物降解机制及限制因素、优化影响PPCPs去除的参数等,为精准调控污水中PPCPs去除提供参考。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22176199)the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province(No.2020CXGC011202)+1 种基金the Jinan University and Institute Innovation Team Project(No.2021GXRC061)the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science(No.RCEES-TDZ-2021-14).
文摘The continuous and rapid increase of chemical pollution in surface waters has become a pressing and widely recognized global concern.As emerging contaminants(ECs)in surface waters,pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs),and endocrine-disrupting compounds(EDCs)have attracted considerable attention due to their wide occurrence and potential threat to human health.Therefore,a comprehensive understanding of the occurrence and risks of ECs in Chinese surface waters is urgently required.This study summarizes and assesses the environmental occurrence concentrations and ecological risks of 42 pharmaceuticals,15 personal care products(PCPs),and 20 EDCs frequently detected in Chinese surface waters.The ECs were primarily detected in China’s densely populated and highly industrialized regions.Most detected PPCPs and EDCs had concentrations between ng/L toμg/L,whereas norfloxacin,caffeine,and erythromycin had relatively high contamination levels,even exceeding 2000 ng/L.Risk evaluation based on the risk quotient method revealed that 34 PPCPs and EDCs in Chinese surface waters did not pose a significant risk,whereas 4-nonylphenol,4-tert-octylphenol,17α-ethinyl estradiol,17β-estradiol,and triclocarban did.This review provides a comprehensive summary of the occurrence and associated hazards of typical PPCPs and EDCs in Chinese surface waters over the past decade,and will aid in the regulation and control of these ECs in Chinese surface waters。
文摘药物和个人护理用品(pharmaceutical and personal care products, PPCPs)作为一类新兴的污染物,在环境中的存在、迁移已引起特别关注,成为环境领域热点研究方向。综述液相色谱-质谱联用、气相色谱-质谱联用两类分析检测技术的选择、应用和发展,风险评价重难点和风险评价方法的选择,活性污泥法、膜处理工艺、碳吸附法等常用控制技术的研究进展。指出水环境中PPCPs污染物识别的标准体系不完善、方法不统一,风险评价无法全面、客观与准确地反映PPCPs的生态影响,控制技术还需进一步加强和提升。
基金This work was supported by the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment in China(Nos.2017ZX07202-001 and 2017ZX07202-004).
文摘Pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)are a unique group of emerging and nonpersistent contaminants.In this study,27 PPCPs in various water samples were extracted by solid phase extraction(SPE),and determined by isotope dilution method using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem triple quadruple mass spectrometer(LC-MS/MS).A total of 27 isotopically labeled standards(ILSs)were applied to correct the concentration of PPCPs in spiked ultrapure water,drinking water,river,effluent and influent sewage.The corrected recoveries were 73%-122%with the relative standard deviation(RSD)<16%,except for acetaminophen.The matrix effect for all kinds of water samples was<22%and the method quantitation limits(MQLs)were 0.45-8.6 ng/L.The developed method was successfully applied on environmental water samples.The SPE extracts of spiked ultrapure water,drinking water,river and wastewater effluent were stored for 70 days,and the ILSscorrected recoveries of 27 PPCPs were obtained to evaluate the correction ability of ILSs in the presence of variety interferences.The recoveries of 27 PPCPs over 70 days were within the scope of 72%-140%with the recovery variation<37%in all cases.The isotope dilution method seems to be of benefit when the extract has to be stored for long time before the instrument analysis.
文摘药品及个人护理用品(pharmaceutical and personal care products,PPCPs)在污水中广泛检出,低浓度的PPCPs即可对生态环境和人体健康产生不利影响,污水处理厂出水排放是水环境PPCPs的重要源。活性污泥和生物膜工艺是目前最常用的污水生物处理工艺,这两种工艺涉及的生化过程复杂,影响因素众多,难以有效去除PPCPs。数学模型是污水处理工艺运行优化的重要工具。本文系统阐述了PPCPs去除模型的建立方法,包括物质和微生物组分及PPCPs去除过程的确定、动力学方程及关键系数的测定与校准、活性污泥和生物膜模型的异同等;综述了污水中PPCPs去除模型的应用研究进展,包括用于评价不同微生物对PPCPs的降解性能、探究污水中PPCPs的生物降解机制及限制因素、优化影响PPCPs去除的参数等,为精准调控污水中PPCPs去除提供参考。
