Project Construction and Important Technical Innovation for Qinshan Phase Ⅲ (PHWR) Nuclear Power Plant

Qinshan Phase Ⅲ(PHWR)Nuclear Power Plant,the first commercial heavy water reactor nuclear power plant in China,was the biggest trade project performed between the governments of China and Canada.As the owner,the Third Qinshan Nuclear Power Company(TQNPC)persisted in independent innovation management during the project construction,commissioning and self-dependent operation,efficiently realizing the three controls of the project,i.e.quality control,schedule control and investment control,and persisted in technical improvement on the basis of digestion and absorption of CANDU-6 technology to improve the unit safety and reliability.The project construction practice has helped China's nuclear power project management to becomeprogrammed,computerized,standardized and internationalized management from the existing basis.After completion of the project,with unit safe and steady operation as the prerequisite,TQNPC performed several technical modifications and innovations to continuously improve the unit performance.In the area of staff development,TQNPC paid much attention to cultivation of corporate culture,strengthed staff training and built up a good circulating mechanism with staff training and project construction promoting each other.Further to "Zero Breakthrough" and a new step forward of locolization successfully realized in Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant and Nuclear Power Qinshan Joint Venture Company,the improvement and developemnt of nuclear power project management level in Qinshan Phase Ⅲ(PHWR)Nuclear Power Plant provided reference for promotion of nuclear power development in China and standardized management of introducing large imported project.

基于CatBoost-NSGA-Ⅲ的盾构隧道施工参数分析及优化控制

由于盾构在施工过程中受环境、设备和作业等不确定因素的影响,导致隧道开挖的安全性、效率和成本难以协调。针对这种情况,以武汉轨道交通某标段施工为依托,采用基于梯度增强(CatBoost)和非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅲ)的混合算法,在全面考虑掘进效率、成本、安全风险等因素的基础上,选择以推进速度、掘进比能、刀具磨损量为目标,构建施工参数智能控制决策系统。首先,通过CatBoost回归模型预测盾构隧道推进速度、掘进比能和刀具磨损量,得到控制目标的适应度函数;然后,基于CatBoost预测模型构建的适应度函数,利用CatBoost-NSGA-Ⅲ进行施工参数的多目标优化;最后,通过模糊决策法从多个Pareto最优解集中选出最佳的施工参数组合,为隧道盾构掘进参数智能预测与优化提供参考。结果表明:1)Catboost可以进行模型精准预测,拟合优度R2大于0.9,均方根误差RMSE和平均绝对误差MAE较小;2)Catboost-NSGA-Ⅲ多目标优化,模糊决策法确定最优方案。经过优化,相较于实测数据的平均值,掘进比能和刀具磨损量分别降低5.3%和13.5%、掘进速度提升6.3%,为盾构隧道的智能化掘进控制和管理决策提供依据。

Non Destructive 3D, 4D Microscopy and Mineral Phase Characterization in Industrial Minerals, Composites to Construction Materials

Conventional electron and optical microscopy techniques require the sample to be sectioned, polished or etched to expose the internal surfaces for imaging. However, such sample preparation techniques have traditionally prevented the observation of the same sample over time, under realistic three-dimensional geometries and in an environment representative of real-world operating conditions. X-ray microscopy (XRM) is a rapidly emerging technique that enables non-destructive evaluation of buried structures within hard to soft materials in 3D, requiring little to no sample preparation. Furthermore in situ and 4D quantification of microstructural evolution under controlled environment as a function of time, temperature, chemistry or stress can be done repeatable on the same sample, using practical specimen sizes ranging from tens of microns to several cm diameter, with achievable imaging resolution from submicron to 50 nm. Many of these studies were reported using XRM in synchrotron beamlines. These include crack propagation on composite and construction materials; corrosion studies; microstructural changes during the setting of cement; flow studies within porous media to mention but a few.

Risk Assessment at the Design Phase of Construction Projects in Ghana

The study was carried out exclusively in Ghana to explore the approaches employed by consultants in risk assessment at the design phase of projects in Ghana. One hundred and fourteen (114) consultants were selected out of a population of one hundred and eighty six (186) from three main professional associations in Ghana made up of the Ghana Institute of Architects, Ghana Institution of Engineers and the Ghana Institution of Surveyors (Quantity Surveying Division) practicing in Ghana for the study. Both primary and secondary data were collected. A descriptive survey was also used to observe and describe the presence, frequency or absence of characteristics of a phenomenon as it naturally occurred, in order to gain additional information. A questionnaire was also designed to collect data from the architects, engineers and quantity surveyors. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Scientists (SPSS) 17.0. Descriptive and inferential statistics, such as frequency tables, percentages and cross tabulations were used in the data analysis and summaries. Simple tests of associations were undertaken by using Chi square and Cramer’s V statistics to compare relationships between variables. Again, relative importance index was also used to analyze some of the data by computing to deduce their rankings. The relative importance index was used to analyze some of the data by computing to deduce their rankings. The research revealed that majority of consultants had an average knowledge of risk management. Based on the findings it was recommended that consultants undergo advanced training in risk assessment. It was therefore suggested that consultancy firms should develop a set of laid down procedures for consultants to use in risk assessment in order that the use of intuition employed by majority is lessened. The challenges observed in risk assessment and the remedial steps suggested curtailing the detrimental effects of risks would be of wide importance to many developing economies.

Carbon-emission calculation of electromechanical energy consumption of different structures during the construction phase

Due to the use of mechanical and electrical equipments in different buildings during construction phase, energy consumption produces large amounts of carbon emissions.Based on the energy use of China, we established a formula that was applicable to carbon-emission calculation, and discussed carbon-emission characteristics of concrete structures and steel construction.Owing to the difference of electrical and mechanical equipment used in construction phase, the results show that under the same conditions, the carbon emission intensity of a concrete structure building is much higher than that of a steel building.At last, we also put forward some emission reduction measures based on the calculation data of different buildings.

Macro-decision-making on Phase I Construction of the Three Gorges Project (TGP)

In this paper,the dominance of the national enterprise and current situation of project management are analyzed on the basis of sum of Phase Ⅰ Construction management of the Three Gorges Project.From the start point of idea modification and inner reformation of enterprise,some of concrete suggestions enhancing the project management, are offered in the paper.

玄七健骨片治疗膝骨关节炎筋脉瘀滞证Ⅲ期临床研究

目的验证玄七健骨片治疗膝骨关节炎(KOA)筋脉瘀滞证的有效性及安全性。方法选取2012年12月-2015年2月7家医院476例KOA筋脉瘀滞证患者进行Ⅲ期临床研究,采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组。试验组予玄七健骨片,对照组予安慰剂,均4片/次,3次/d,疗程28 d。比较2组中医证候疗效及疼痛消失情况,观察2组治疗前及治疗7、14、28 d西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)总分及疼痛、僵硬、日常活动评分,中医症状积分,监测2组安全性指标及试验期间出现的不良反应。结果共剔除10例患者,最终466例纳入分析数据集中的全分析集,2组一般资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。试验组临床控制率为24.86%(86/346),愈显率为50.00%(173/346),总有效率为89.60%(310/346),对照组临床控制率为0.00%(0/120),愈显率为4.17%(5/120),总有效率为29.17%(35/120),2组比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。试验组治疗后107例患者疼痛消失(30.92%),对照组疼痛消失1例(0.83%),试验组疼痛消失率高于对照组(P<0.05)。与本组治疗前比较,2组治疗7、14、28 d WOMAC总分及疼痛、僵硬、日常活动评分,中医症状积分均显著改善(P<0.05);2组同时点比较,试验组治疗7、14、28 d WOMAC总分及疼痛、僵硬、日常活动评分,中医症状积分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组治疗后各相关症状均有所改善,且试验组对疼痛、活动不利、局部肿胀、局部压痛、关节僵硬、日常活动的改善显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。2组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论玄七健骨片治疗KOA筋脉瘀滞证安全有效,其特点在于对患者疾病相关症状体征的改善作用。

Neoadjuvant treatment for resectable pancreatic cancer: Time for phase Ⅲ testing?

This paper discusses the rationale for phaseⅢtesting of neoadjuvant therapy in patients affected by resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma.The therapeutic management of patients affected by resectable pancreatic cancer is particularly troublesome due to the aggressiveness of the disease and to the limited efficacy and sometimes unfavourable risk-benefit ratio of the available therapeutic tools.Conflicting data on the role of adjuvant chemoradiation have been reported,while adjuvant single-agent chemotherapy significantly improved overall survival(OS)when compared to surgery alone. However,the OS figures for adjuvant chemotherapy remain disappointing.In effect,pancreatic cancer exhibits a prominent tendency to recur after a brief median time interval from surgery and extra-pancreatic dissemination represents the predominant pattern of disease failure.Neoadjuvant treatment has a strong rationale in this disease but limited information on the efficacy of this approach is available from single arm trials with low levels of evidence.Thus,in spite of two decades of investigation there is currently no evidence to support the routine use of pre-surgical therapy in clinical practice. To foster knowledge on the optimal management of this disease,and to produce evidence-based treatment guidelines,there is no alternative to well designed randomized trials.Systemic chemotherapy is a candidate for testing because it is supported by a more robust rationale than chemoradiation.Combination chemotherapy regimens with elevated activity in advanced disease warrant investigation.Caution would suggest the running of an exploratory phaseⅡrandomized trial before embarking on a large phase Ⅲ study.

Study protocol of the Asian XELIRI ProjecT(AXEPT):a multinational,randomized,non-inferiority,phase Ⅲ trial of second-line chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer, comparing the eicacy and safety of XELIRI with or without bevacizumab versus FOLFIRI w

Background: Capecitabine and irinotecan combination therapy(XELIRI) has been examined at various dose levels to treat metastatic colorectal cancer(m CRC). Recently, in the Association of Medical Oncology of the German Cancer Society(AIO) 0604 trial, tri?weekly XELIRI plus bevacizumab, with reduced doses of irinotecan(200 mg/m^2 on day 1) and capecitabine(1600 mg/m^2 on days 1–14), repeated every 3 weeks, has shown favorable tolerability and eicacy which were comparable to those of capecitabine and oxaliplatin(XELOX) plus bevacizumab. The doses of capecit?abine and irinotecan in the AIO trial are considered optimal. In a phase I/II study, XELIRI plus bevacizumab(BIX) as second?line chemotherapy was well tolerated and had promising eicacy in Japanese patients.Methods: The Asian XELIRI Projec T(AXEPT) is an East Asian collaborative, open?labelled, randomized, phase Ⅲ clinical trial which was designed to demonstrate the non?inferiority of XELIRI with or without bevacizumab versus standard FOLFIRI(5?fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan combination) with or without bevacizumab as second?line chemo?therapy for patients with m CRC. Patients with 20 years of age or older, histologically conirmed m CRC, Eastern Coop?erative Oncology Group performance status 0–2, adequate organ function, and disease progression or intolerance of the irst?line regimen will be eligible. Patients will be randomized(1:1) to receive standard FOLFIRI with or with?out bevacizumab(5 mg/kg on day 1), repeated every 2 weeks(FOLIRI arm) or XELIRI with or without bevacizumab(7.5 mg/kg on day 1), repeated every 3 weeks(XELIRI arm). A total of 464 events were estimated as necessary to show non?inferiority with a power of 80% at a one?sided α of 0.025, requiring a target sample size of 600 patients. The 95% conidence interval(CI) upper limit of the hazard ratio was pre?speciied as less than 1.3.Conclusion: The Asian XELIRI Projec T is a multinational phase III trial being conducted to provide evidence for XELIRI with or without bevacizumab as a second?line treatment option of mCRC.

Phase Transfer Research for Heteropolyanions Containing Cr（Ⅲ），Mn（Ⅳ），Co（Ⅱ），Zn（Ⅱ）

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Solid-phase extraction of trace Au(Ⅲ) with SDG and determination by the catalytic spectrophotometric method

The new catalytic kinetic spectrophotometric method for Au（III） determination was developed and validated. It was based on the catalytic effect of gold on the oxidation of sudan red III by ammonium peroxodisulfate （（NH4）2S2O8） with nitrilo triacetic acid as an activator in microemulsion and H2SO4 medium. Under optimum conditions, there was the linearity of the calibration curve in the concentration range from 0 to 20 μg/L Au（Ⅲ） at 520 nm. The relative standard deviation was 3.0% with a correlation coefficient of 0.9986. The detection limit achieved was 9.75 × 10^-5 μg/mL. A new method using a column packed with sulfhydryl dextrose gel （SDG） as a solid-phase extractant has been developed for the preconcentration and separation of Au（Ⅲ） ions. The method has been applied to the determination of trace gold with satisfactory results.

Evaluation of Sustainable Factors in the Chinese Construction Process

The building sector plays a key role in the global economic,social,and environment development.The energy consumed during construction and operation processes accounts for around 40%of the global energy use.China is the largest developing country and its construction market is one of the largest markets in the world.Although the construction phase occupies only a short period over the entire life cycle of a building,it is still an essential aspect of the process.However,in China,the concept of green construction remains scarcely known among construction industry members.Green construction continues to experience a disparity in the Chinese construction industry.Therefore,the aim of this study is to appraise the concept of green construction in the Chinese construction industry and to consider how it could be applied in most Chinese construction projects.

STUDY ON THE DETERMINATION OF TRACE Fe(Ⅲ) BY THIN LAYER RESIN PHASE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

A method to determine Fe（Ⅲ） by thin layer resin phase spectrophotometry has been developed in this paper. The colored complex formed by Fe（Ⅲ） and 1,2-benzendiol is concentrated on the 717^# resin, then Fe（Ⅲ） can be determined directly by making thin layer. The method is sensitive with a apparent molar absorption of 4.8×10^4L/mol.cm, which is 16 times higher than that of liquid phase spectrophotornetry, most coexisting ions do not influence the determination. The detection limit for Fe（Ⅲ） is 1.47μg/L with the precision of 3.3% [n=6, 7μg/50mL Fe（Ⅲ）]. The calibration curve is linear in the range of 0-25μg/50mL. The preposed method was applied to the determination of Fe（Ⅲ） in water sample with satisfactory results.

基于互联网+饮食的远程个性化管理在Ⅲ~Ⅳ期糖尿病肾病患者中的应用

目的探讨基于互联网+饮食的远程个性化管理在Ⅲ~Ⅳ期糖尿病肾病(DN)患者中的应用。方法按照随机数字表法将我院2021年1月至2022年10月期间收治的91例Ⅲ~Ⅳ期DN患者分为两组,对照组45例给予常规营养管理,观察组46例予以互联网+饮食的远程个性化管理,观察两组患者血糖水平、肾功能、依从性。结果干预6个月后,观察组空腹血糖(FPG)、2 h血糖(2 hPG)及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组血肌酐(Scr)水平及肾小球滤过率(eGFR)均高于对照组,观察组尿白蛋白肌酐比(UACR)低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组肾脏病饮食依从行为量表(RABQ)及肾脏病饮食依从态度量表(RAAQ)量表各维度评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论将基于互联网+饮食的远程个性化管理应用于Ⅲ~Ⅳ期DN患者可通过稳定血糖水平,改善肾功能,提高饮食依从性,改善营养状态。

洪都拉斯Patuca Ⅲ大坝溢流表孔闸墩连系梁施工桁架设计与运用

洪都拉斯PatucaⅢ大坝溢流表孔闸墩连系梁施工为现浇混凝土连续梁,由于脚手架平台无法满足工程施工进度要求,现场采用钢桁架作为连系梁浇筑支撑结构,通过多方案计算分析,最终确定桁架各部位杆件截面尺寸,并成功运用。本文提出的闸墩连系梁桁架施工方案具有施工便捷、效率高的优点,在工程实践中针对类似问题具有较好的借鉴意义。

大数据税收征管与审计质量——基于“金税三期”工程准自然实验

“金税三期”工程在全国范围内实现涉税数据的大集中,对企业审计质量起着重要的影响。以2010—2022年全部A股上市公司为研究样本,基于“金税三期”工程准自然实验,构建双重差分模型,考察大数据税收征管如何影响企业的审计质量,并揭示二者之间的作用机理和在不同环境下的影响效果。研究发现:大数据税收征管有效提高了审计质量。机制检验表明,大数据税收征管通过降低注册会计师的业务风险和审计风险,从而提高审计质量。进一步分析发现,在国有企业和法治环境较好的地区,大数据税收征管提高审计质量的效果更为显著。

利益相关者视角下模块化集成建筑物化阶段碳排影响因素研究

建筑业是当今世界碳排放的重要来源,该研究领域受学界广泛关注。但是,较少有学者从利益相关者的角度对模块化集成建筑(Modular Integrated Construction, MiC)物化阶段碳排放影响因素展开研究。研究系统地考虑MiC物化阶段的碳排放影响因素,并形成利益相关者导向的影响因素清单;运用社会网络分析法构建影响因素网络模型,从整体和个体网络两个层面确定关键影响因素;对关键影响因素进行控制,从利益相关者的角度提出定向减排措施,并检测控制的效果。通过识别出的物化阶段的11个关键影响因素,研究对影响因素控制效果进行检测,显示定向减排措施可显著降低各影响因素之间的相互作用。通过探究MiC物化阶段碳排放影响因素的关联关系,可为利益相关者做相应的减排策略提供理论支持。

丁螺环酮治疗焦虑性障碍的Ⅲ期临床研究

目的 :对丁螺环酮治疗焦虑性障碍的疗效及不良反应进行评价。方法 :对符合中国精神疾病分类方案与诊断标准第二版修订版 (CCMD 2 R)的广泛性焦虑症及符合广泛性焦虑症症状学诊断标准的伴有其他疾病的 1 496例病人 ,口服丁螺环酮治疗 4wk ,剂量 5～ 60mg·d-1。疗效及不良反应评定使用HAMA ,TESS及有关实验室检查。结果 :治疗后HAMA减分率为 (62±3 1 ) % ,显效率在 5 0 %以上 ,不良反应发生率为 2 5 .87% ,主要为头昏、恶心、口干、失眠等。结论 :丁螺环酮治疗焦虑性障碍疗效确切 。

国产紫杉醇治疗恶性肿瘤的Ⅲ期临床研究报告

目的考察紫杉醇治疗多种恶性肿瘤的疗效及毒副作用。方法紫杉醇单药化疗每次剂量１７５ｍｇ／ｍ２，联合化疗紫杉醇每次剂量１３５ｍｇ／ｍ２，３ｈ静脉输注，每３周重复，在紫杉醇治疗前常规给予地塞米松、苯海拉明和西米替丁预防过敏反应。结果共３３３例进入了临床研究。１６７例接受了紫杉醇单药化疗，１６６例接受了紫杉醇加顺铂或阿霉素或其他药物联合化疗。紫杉醇单药化疗的有效率如下：卵巢癌３７％，乳腺癌３９％，非小细胞肺癌３１％，小细胞肺癌４０％，鼻咽癌６７％。紫杉醇联合化疗的有效率如下：卵巢癌３８％，乳腺癌４４％，非小细胞肺癌３１％，小细胞肺癌４０％，鼻咽癌４４％。患者毒副反应主要为白细胞减少、肌肉及关节疼痛、感觉异常和脱发。结论本研究所用的紫杉醇制剂及剂量安全有效，患者能够耐受。紫杉醇可与其他化疗药物联合应用，治疗恶性肿瘤病人。