Analysis of Culture Shock In Intercultural Communication

Culture shock can be easily encountered in intercultural communication.This paper illustrates the causes of culture shock,and also provides solutions to deal with culture shock and try to reduce its influence.

玄七健骨片治疗膝骨关节炎筋脉瘀滞证Ⅲ期临床研究

目的验证玄七健骨片治疗膝骨关节炎(KOA)筋脉瘀滞证的有效性及安全性。方法选取2012年12月-2015年2月7家医院476例KOA筋脉瘀滞证患者进行Ⅲ期临床研究,采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组。试验组予玄七健骨片,对照组予安慰剂,均4片/次,3次/d,疗程28 d。比较2组中医证候疗效及疼痛消失情况,观察2组治疗前及治疗7、14、28 d西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)总分及疼痛、僵硬、日常活动评分,中医症状积分,监测2组安全性指标及试验期间出现的不良反应。结果共剔除10例患者,最终466例纳入分析数据集中的全分析集,2组一般资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。试验组临床控制率为24.86%(86/346),愈显率为50.00%(173/346),总有效率为89.60%(310/346),对照组临床控制率为0.00%(0/120),愈显率为4.17%(5/120),总有效率为29.17%(35/120),2组比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。试验组治疗后107例患者疼痛消失(30.92%),对照组疼痛消失1例(0.83%),试验组疼痛消失率高于对照组(P<0.05)。与本组治疗前比较,2组治疗7、14、28 d WOMAC总分及疼痛、僵硬、日常活动评分,中医症状积分均显著改善(P<0.05);2组同时点比较,试验组治疗7、14、28 d WOMAC总分及疼痛、僵硬、日常活动评分,中医症状积分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组治疗后各相关症状均有所改善,且试验组对疼痛、活动不利、局部肿胀、局部压痛、关节僵硬、日常活动的改善显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。2组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论玄七健骨片治疗KOA筋脉瘀滞证安全有效,其特点在于对患者疾病相关症状体征的改善作用。

Neoadjuvant treatment for resectable pancreatic cancer: Time for phase Ⅲ testing?

This paper discusses the rationale for phaseⅢtesting of neoadjuvant therapy in patients affected by resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma.The therapeutic management of patients affected by resectable pancreatic cancer is particularly troublesome due to the aggressiveness of the disease and to the limited efficacy and sometimes unfavourable risk-benefit ratio of the available therapeutic tools.Conflicting data on the role of adjuvant chemoradiation have been reported,while adjuvant single-agent chemotherapy significantly improved overall survival(OS)when compared to surgery alone. However,the OS figures for adjuvant chemotherapy remain disappointing.In effect,pancreatic cancer exhibits a prominent tendency to recur after a brief median time interval from surgery and extra-pancreatic dissemination represents the predominant pattern of disease failure.Neoadjuvant treatment has a strong rationale in this disease but limited information on the efficacy of this approach is available from single arm trials with low levels of evidence.Thus,in spite of two decades of investigation there is currently no evidence to support the routine use of pre-surgical therapy in clinical practice. To foster knowledge on the optimal management of this disease,and to produce evidence-based treatment guidelines,there is no alternative to well designed randomized trials.Systemic chemotherapy is a candidate for testing because it is supported by a more robust rationale than chemoradiation.Combination chemotherapy regimens with elevated activity in advanced disease warrant investigation.Caution would suggest the running of an exploratory phaseⅡrandomized trial before embarking on a large phase Ⅲ study.

Study protocol of the Asian XELIRI ProjecT(AXEPT):a multinational,randomized,non-inferiority,phase Ⅲ trial of second-line chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer, comparing the eicacy and safety of XELIRI with or without bevacizumab versus FOLFIRI w

Background: Capecitabine and irinotecan combination therapy(XELIRI) has been examined at various dose levels to treat metastatic colorectal cancer(m CRC). Recently, in the Association of Medical Oncology of the German Cancer Society(AIO) 0604 trial, tri?weekly XELIRI plus bevacizumab, with reduced doses of irinotecan(200 mg/m^2 on day 1) and capecitabine(1600 mg/m^2 on days 1–14), repeated every 3 weeks, has shown favorable tolerability and eicacy which were comparable to those of capecitabine and oxaliplatin(XELOX) plus bevacizumab. The doses of capecit?abine and irinotecan in the AIO trial are considered optimal. In a phase I/II study, XELIRI plus bevacizumab(BIX) as second?line chemotherapy was well tolerated and had promising eicacy in Japanese patients.Methods: The Asian XELIRI Projec T(AXEPT) is an East Asian collaborative, open?labelled, randomized, phase Ⅲ clinical trial which was designed to demonstrate the non?inferiority of XELIRI with or without bevacizumab versus standard FOLFIRI(5?fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan combination) with or without bevacizumab as second?line chemo?therapy for patients with m CRC. Patients with 20 years of age or older, histologically conirmed m CRC, Eastern Coop?erative Oncology Group performance status 0–2, adequate organ function, and disease progression or intolerance of the irst?line regimen will be eligible. Patients will be randomized(1:1) to receive standard FOLFIRI with or with?out bevacizumab(5 mg/kg on day 1), repeated every 2 weeks(FOLIRI arm) or XELIRI with or without bevacizumab(7.5 mg/kg on day 1), repeated every 3 weeks(XELIRI arm). A total of 464 events were estimated as necessary to show non?inferiority with a power of 80% at a one?sided α of 0.025, requiring a target sample size of 600 patients. The 95% conidence interval(CI) upper limit of the hazard ratio was pre?speciied as less than 1.3.Conclusion: The Asian XELIRI Projec T is a multinational phase III trial being conducted to provide evidence for XELIRI with or without bevacizumab as a second?line treatment option of mCRC.

Phase Transfer Research for Heteropolyanions Containing Cr（Ⅲ），Mn（Ⅳ），Co（Ⅱ），Zn（Ⅱ）

ＰｈａｓｅＴｒａｎｓｆｅｒＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈｆｏｒＨｅｔｅｒｏｐｏｌｙａｎｉｏｎｓＣｏｎｔａｉｎｉｎｇＣｒ（Ⅲ），Ｍｎ（Ⅳ），Ｃｏ（Ⅱ），Ｚｎ（Ⅱ）ＺＨＡＮＧＳｈｕ－ｙｕｎ；ＨＵＡＮＧＲｕ－ｄａｎ；ＹＵＸｉｎ－ｗｕ；ＬＩＢａｉｔａｏａｎｄＷＡＮＧＥｎ－...

Solid-phase extraction of trace Au(Ⅲ) with SDG and determination by the catalytic spectrophotometric method

The new catalytic kinetic spectrophotometric method for Au（III） determination was developed and validated. It was based on the catalytic effect of gold on the oxidation of sudan red III by ammonium peroxodisulfate （（NH4）2S2O8） with nitrilo triacetic acid as an activator in microemulsion and H2SO4 medium. Under optimum conditions, there was the linearity of the calibration curve in the concentration range from 0 to 20 μg/L Au（Ⅲ） at 520 nm. The relative standard deviation was 3.0% with a correlation coefficient of 0.9986. The detection limit achieved was 9.75 × 10^-5 μg/mL. A new method using a column packed with sulfhydryl dextrose gel （SDG） as a solid-phase extractant has been developed for the preconcentration and separation of Au（Ⅲ） ions. The method has been applied to the determination of trace gold with satisfactory results.

Project Construction and Important Technical Innovation for Qinshan Phase Ⅲ (PHWR) Nuclear Power Plant

Qinshan Phase Ⅲ(PHWR)Nuclear Power Plant,the first commercial heavy water reactor nuclear power plant in China,was the biggest trade project performed between the governments of China and Canada.As the owner,the Third Qinshan Nuclear Power Company(TQNPC)persisted in independent innovation management during the project construction,commissioning and self-dependent operation,efficiently realizing the three controls of the project,i.e.quality control,schedule control and investment control,and persisted in technical improvement on the basis of digestion and absorption of CANDU-6 technology to improve the unit safety and reliability.The project construction practice has helped China's nuclear power project management to becomeprogrammed,computerized,standardized and internationalized management from the existing basis.After completion of the project,with unit safe and steady operation as the prerequisite,TQNPC performed several technical modifications and innovations to continuously improve the unit performance.In the area of staff development,TQNPC paid much attention to cultivation of corporate culture,strengthed staff training and built up a good circulating mechanism with staff training and project construction promoting each other.Further to "Zero Breakthrough" and a new step forward of locolization successfully realized in Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant and Nuclear Power Qinshan Joint Venture Company,the improvement and developemnt of nuclear power project management level in Qinshan Phase Ⅲ(PHWR)Nuclear Power Plant provided reference for promotion of nuclear power development in China and standardized management of introducing large imported project.

Bioefficacy of crude extract of Cyperus aromaticus(Family:Cyperaceae)cultured cells,against Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes

Objective:To evaluate the growth inhibition activity of the crude extract of Cyperus aromaticus(C.aromaticus)cultured cells against the 3rd instar larvae of Aedes aegypti(Linn.)and Aedes albopictus Skuse(Ae.albopictus)under laboratory conditions,and determine the sublethal effects(EI_(50))of the crude extract of C.aromaticus cultured cells on some biological and morphological parameters of both Aedes mosquito species during two generations as well.Methods:The cell suspension cultures of C.aromaticus were activated from five callus lines(P4,Pa,Z1,Z6 and Ml)derived from the root explants of in vitro plantlets.The cultured cells were extracted in chloroform and used as plant material for the present study.For detection of juvenile hormone III.the crude extracts were analyzed by HPLC.Then the crude extracts of the three C.aromaticus cultured cell lines which contained varied amounts of juvenile hormone III[high level(P4 cell line),medium level(Z1 cell line)and low level(Ml cell line)]were tested against Aedes mosquito species.Laboratory evaluation was performed against late third instar larvae of the Vector Control Research Unit strains of Ae.aegypti and Ae.albopictus using the standard WHO method.The effects of EI_(50)of the C.aromaticus cultured P4 cells on fecundity,fertility,growth period,sex ratio,adult size and longevity of Aedes mosquitoes were assessed.Results:Bioassay tests presented the remarkable growth inhibition activity of the crude extracts of C.aromaticus cultured cells against the two Aedes mosquitoes.Between the two mosquito species,Ae.albopictus was more susceptible to the crude extracts with lower EI_(50)values.EI_(50)of the crude extract of C.aromaticus cultured cells(P4)increased the sterility indices in the parental generation females in both Aedes mosquito species.A significant delay in the pupal formation and adult emergence were observed in the parental generation of the both mosquito species.The sex ratio of the adult population either parental or F1 generation of the Aedes mosquito species was not significantly affected by the EI_(50)dosage of the crude extract of C.aromaticus cultured P4 cells.A significant decrease in the wing length of the treated adult(female and male)of Aedes aegypti as well as the treated female of Ae.albopictus were observed.Longevity of the adult female of the parental generation of both Aedes mosquitoes as well as females of F1 generation of Ae.albopictus were significantly decreased.Conclusions:The present study revealed the potential of the crude extract of C.aromaticus cultured cells in controlling vector mosquito populations in the effort to reduce the transmission of vector borne diseases.

A comparative study on the contents of vitamins in the natural and the cultured prawn

A systematically comparative study on the contents of vitamins in the natural and the cultured prawn, Penaeus chinensis, was made by using High-efficiency Liquid Phase Chromatography in 1989. The results show that the vitamin C (Vc) content in the natural prawn was 8. 19% higher than that of the cultured prawn.As the natural prawn's body length increasing, the Vc content in cephalothorax increased continuously, but after August 10, the Vc content in the cultured prawn fell down rapidly. No significant differences in vitamin B1, B2,B6, nicotinic acid (NAc), nicotinamide (NAm) and folio acid (FAc) were found between the natural and the cultured prawn. Therefore, Vc probably is one of major factors limiting the growth and development of Chinese prawn.

STUDY ON THE DETERMINATION OF TRACE Fe(Ⅲ) BY THIN LAYER RESIN PHASE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

A method to determine Fe（Ⅲ） by thin layer resin phase spectrophotometry has been developed in this paper. The colored complex formed by Fe（Ⅲ） and 1,2-benzendiol is concentrated on the 717^# resin, then Fe（Ⅲ） can be determined directly by making thin layer. The method is sensitive with a apparent molar absorption of 4.8×10^4L/mol.cm, which is 16 times higher than that of liquid phase spectrophotornetry, most coexisting ions do not influence the determination. The detection limit for Fe（Ⅲ） is 1.47μg/L with the precision of 3.3% [n=6, 7μg/50mL Fe（Ⅲ）]. The calibration curve is linear in the range of 0-25μg/50mL. The preposed method was applied to the determination of Fe（Ⅲ） in water sample with satisfactory results.

基于互联网+饮食的远程个性化管理在Ⅲ~Ⅳ期糖尿病肾病患者中的应用

目的探讨基于互联网+饮食的远程个性化管理在Ⅲ~Ⅳ期糖尿病肾病(DN)患者中的应用。方法按照随机数字表法将我院2021年1月至2022年10月期间收治的91例Ⅲ~Ⅳ期DN患者分为两组,对照组45例给予常规营养管理,观察组46例予以互联网+饮食的远程个性化管理,观察两组患者血糖水平、肾功能、依从性。结果干预6个月后,观察组空腹血糖(FPG)、2 h血糖(2 hPG)及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组血肌酐(Scr)水平及肾小球滤过率(eGFR)均高于对照组,观察组尿白蛋白肌酐比(UACR)低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组肾脏病饮食依从行为量表(RABQ)及肾脏病饮食依从态度量表(RAAQ)量表各维度评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论将基于互联网+饮食的远程个性化管理应用于Ⅲ~Ⅳ期DN患者可通过稳定血糖水平,改善肾功能,提高饮食依从性,改善营养状态。

大数据税收征管与审计质量——基于“金税三期”工程准自然实验

“金税三期”工程在全国范围内实现涉税数据的大集中,对企业审计质量起着重要的影响。以2010—2022年全部A股上市公司为研究样本,基于“金税三期”工程准自然实验,构建双重差分模型,考察大数据税收征管如何影响企业的审计质量,并揭示二者之间的作用机理和在不同环境下的影响效果。研究发现:大数据税收征管有效提高了审计质量。机制检验表明,大数据税收征管通过降低注册会计师的业务风险和审计风险,从而提高审计质量。进一步分析发现,在国有企业和法治环境较好的地区,大数据税收征管提高审计质量的效果更为显著。

丁螺环酮治疗焦虑性障碍的Ⅲ期临床研究

目的 :对丁螺环酮治疗焦虑性障碍的疗效及不良反应进行评价。方法 :对符合中国精神疾病分类方案与诊断标准第二版修订版 (CCMD 2 R)的广泛性焦虑症及符合广泛性焦虑症症状学诊断标准的伴有其他疾病的 1 496例病人 ,口服丁螺环酮治疗 4wk ,剂量 5～ 60mg·d-1。疗效及不良反应评定使用HAMA ,TESS及有关实验室检查。结果 :治疗后HAMA减分率为 (62±3 1 ) % ,显效率在 5 0 %以上 ,不良反应发生率为 2 5 .87% ,主要为头昏、恶心、口干、失眠等。结论 :丁螺环酮治疗焦虑性障碍疗效确切 。

国产紫杉醇治疗恶性肿瘤的Ⅲ期临床研究报告

目的考察紫杉醇治疗多种恶性肿瘤的疗效及毒副作用。方法紫杉醇单药化疗每次剂量１７５ｍｇ／ｍ２，联合化疗紫杉醇每次剂量１３５ｍｇ／ｍ２，３ｈ静脉输注，每３周重复，在紫杉醇治疗前常规给予地塞米松、苯海拉明和西米替丁预防过敏反应。结果共３３３例进入了临床研究。１６７例接受了紫杉醇单药化疗，１６６例接受了紫杉醇加顺铂或阿霉素或其他药物联合化疗。紫杉醇单药化疗的有效率如下：卵巢癌３７％，乳腺癌３９％，非小细胞肺癌３１％，小细胞肺癌４０％，鼻咽癌６７％。紫杉醇联合化疗的有效率如下：卵巢癌３８％，乳腺癌４４％，非小细胞肺癌３１％，小细胞肺癌４０％，鼻咽癌４４％。患者毒副反应主要为白细胞减少、肌肉及关节疼痛、感觉异常和脱发。结论本研究所用的紫杉醇制剂及剂量安全有效，患者能够耐受。紫杉醇可与其他化疗药物联合应用，治疗恶性肿瘤病人。

脑梗死急性期患者血浆纤维蛋白原和D-二聚体及抗凝血酶Ⅲ水平的变化

目的探讨脑梗死急性期患者血浆纤维蛋白原(FIB)、D-二聚体(DD)、抗凝血酶Ⅲ(ATⅢ)水平的变化。方法选择发病时间<24h的脑梗死患者95例作为脑梗死组。另选择同期体检者61例作为对照组。分别采用发色底物法、免疫比浊法、酶联免疫吸附法测定两组对象的血浆ATⅢ、FIB、DD的水平。将脑梗死组患者分为美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分(NIHSS)<5分组和5～19分组,分析ATⅢ、FIB、DD水平对脑梗死严重程度的影响。结果①脑梗死组FIB的水平为(3.1±0.9)g/L,DD为0.15(中位数)mg/L,高于对照组的(2.6±0.6)g/L和0.07mg/L;ATⅢ的水平为(101±11)%,低于对照组的(109±11)%。差异均有统计学意义,均P<0.01。脑梗死<12h组与脑梗死≥12h比较,FIB、DD、ATⅢ水平差异均无统计学意义。②在脑梗死组中,NIHSS<5分者的FIB、DD水平低于NIHSS5～19分者的水平,但差异无统计学意义;ATⅢ水平高于NIHSS5～19分者的水平[(105±11)%比(98±10)%],P<0.05。③多因素Logistic回归分析显示,DD(OR=8.489×103,95%CI:91.587～78.67×104)、FIB(OR=2.736,95%CI:1.446～5.176)水平升高、ATⅢ(OR=0.929,95%CI:0.877～0.984)水平降低是脑梗死的独立危险因素,P<0.01或P<0.05。结论 FIB、DD、ATⅢ在脑梗死急性期有明显变化。3者均是脑梗死的危险因素。ATⅢ可能是影响脑梗死严重程度的因素之一。

硫氰酸盐树脂相分光光度法测微量铁(Ⅲ)

本文介绍了硫氰酸根与铁（Ⅲ）在有表面活性剂Tweet-80存在下生成络阴离子吸附于强磁性阴离子树脂．富集于树脂相上的有色络合物可进行树脂相分光光度测定．比水相测定灵敏度提高10倍，ε4900力8．4×104L·mol-1’·cm-1选择性也好于水相测定、铁（Ⅲ）含量在0～1．28mg／L范围内服从Beer定律。用此法测定天然水、马奶酒等样品中微量铁（Ⅲ），结果令人满意。

蔗糖凝胶治疗细菌性阴道病的多中心、随机、双盲、平行对照Ⅲ期临床试验

目的：通过多中心、随机、双盲、平行对照的临床研究,进一步评价蔗糖凝胶治疗细菌性阴道病的有效性及安全性。方法：选择5个研究中心的533例细菌性阴道病患者作为研究对象,依据随机表按对照组与试验组为2∶3比例随机入组,甲硝唑凝胶5.0 g组（对照组）214例,蔗糖凝胶5.0 g组（实验组）319例,两组均采取每日早晚各一次阴道上药,连用5 d的疗程进行治疗。分别于治疗第7~10天、第21~30天进行疗效观察及安全性评价。结果：治疗第7~10天,甲硝唑凝胶组和蔗糖凝胶组的临床综合疗效治愈率分别为70.53%和80.83%,阴道分泌物涂片Nugent积分痊愈率分别为71.50%和81.15%,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。治疗第21~30天,甲硝唑凝胶组和蔗糖凝胶组的临床综合疗效治愈率分别为63.29%和61.98%,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：蔗糖凝胶治疗细菌性阴道病的临床综合疗效近期（治疗第7~10天）及恢复阴道菌群方面明显优于甲硝唑凝胶,远期治愈率（治疗第21~30天）与甲硝唑凝胶相当,可成为治疗细菌性阴道病的新策略。

8-氨基喹哪啶固相萃取光度法测定水中痕量铁(Ⅲ)的研究

根据8-氨基喹哪啶(AQ)与铁(Ⅲ)的显色反应及固相萃取小柱对显色配合物的固相萃取,建立了一种测定水样中μg/L级铁(Ⅲ)的新方法。在pH=5.5 HAc-NaAc缓冲介质中AQ与铁(Ⅲ)反应,生成分子比为3∶1的稳定配合物,该配合物可用Waters Porapak SepPak C18固相萃取小柱富集,富集物用含1%醋酸的乙醇溶液洗脱后用光度法测定。采用该方法测定了几种水样中微量铁(Ⅲ)的含量,结果令人满意。

国产紫杉醇脂质体治疗非小细胞肺癌和乳腺癌的Ⅲ期临床试验报告

目的:比较国产注射用紫杉醇脂质体+顺铂与紫杉醇+顺铂治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效和安全性。比较国产注射用紫杉醇脂质体+表阿霉素和紫杉醇+表阿霉素治疗乳腺癌的临床疗效和安全性。方法:本试验为多中心,开放式,随机,对照研究。分试验组A和对照组B两组。小细胞肺癌:A组注射用紫杉醇脂质体135mg/m2/d1+顺铂75mg/m2/周期,每3周重复;B组注射用紫杉醇135mg/m2/d1+顺铂75mg/m2/周期,每3周重复。乳腺癌:A组注射用紫杉醇脂质体135mg/m2/d1+表阿霉素60mg/m2/d1,每3周重复;B组注射用紫杉醇135mg/m2/d1+表阿霉素60mg/m2/d1,每3周重复。结果:本中心共有21例病人入组,20例病人可评价疗效和不良反应。非小细胞肺癌和乳腺癌各10例。试验组总有效率71.4%(10/14)。对照组总有效率33.3%(2/6),但无显著性差别。主要不良反应为血液学毒性,以白细胞和粒细胞的减少最明显,但统计学上无显著性差异。其它非血液学毒性主要为恶心呕吐,脱发,疲劳和肌肉关节痛,两组无明显差别。结论:国产注射用紫杉醇脂质体是一种安全、有效的药物。

微波辅助核-壳型Cr(Ⅲ)离子印迹聚合物的制备及在尿液中的分离应用

以3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷为离子配体,正硅酸乙酯为交联剂,借助微波辅助加热,在二氧化硅表面快速制备Cr(Ⅲ)离子印迹聚合物,聚合时间比常规时间缩短了5倍.利用扫描电镜对印迹聚合物形貌进行了表征,结果表明,该印迹聚合物粒径分布均匀,Cr(Ⅲ)离子成功地包覆在厚度约为40nm的印迹壳层内.详细地探讨了该印迹材料的吸附性能,并利用该印迹聚合物作为固相萃取填充料,成功地用于尿样中Cr(Ⅲ)的固相萃取.