Stimuli-resp on sive release of drugs from a nano carrier in spatial-,temporal-,and dosage-controlled fashi ons is of great interest in the pharmaceutical industry.Paclitaxel is one of the most effective and popular c...Stimuli-resp on sive release of drugs from a nano carrier in spatial-,temporal-,and dosage-controlled fashi ons is of great interest in the pharmaceutical industry.Paclitaxel is one of the most effective and popular chemotherapeutic drugs against a number of cancers such as metastatic or non metastatic breast can cer,non-small cell lung can cer,refractory ovaria n cancer,AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma,and head and neck can cers.Here,by taki ng the adva ntage of RNA nanotechno logy in biomedical and material scie nee,we developed a three-dime nsional pyramid-shaped RNA nanocage for a photocontrolled release of cargo,using paclitaxel as a model drug.The light-triggered release of paclitaxel or fluorophore Cy5 was achieved by incorporation of photocleavable spacers into the RNA nanoparticles.Upon irradiation with ultraviolet light,cargos were rapidly released(within 5 min).In vitro treatment of breast can cer cells with the RNA nano particles harbori ng photocleavable paclitaxel showed higher cytotoxicity as compared to RNA nanoparticles without the photocleavable spacer.The methodology provides proof of con cept for the applicati on of the light-triggered con trolled release of drugs from RNA nano cages.展开更多
Many years of fundamental studies on viral genome packaging motors have led to fruitful applications.The double-stranded DNA(dsDNA)viruses package their genomes into preformed protein shells via nanomotors including s...Many years of fundamental studies on viral genome packaging motors have led to fruitful applications.The double-stranded DNA(dsDNA)viruses package their genomes into preformed protein shells via nanomotors including several elegant and meticulous coaxial modules.The motor is geared by the hexameric RNA ring.An open washer displayed as hexametric string of phi29 motor ATPase has been reported.The open washer linked into a filament as a queue with left-handed chirality along the dsDNA chain.It was found that a free 5′-and 3′-dsDNA end is not required for one gp16 dimer and four monomers to assemble into the hexametric washer on dsDNA.The above studies have inspired several applications in nanotechnology and nanomedicine.These applications include:(i)studies on the precision motor channels have led to their application in the single pore sensing;(ii)investigations into the hand-in-hand integration of the hexametric pRNA ring have resulted in the emergence of the new field of RNA nanotechnology;and(iii)the studies on the motor stoichiometry of homologous multi-subunits that subsequently have inspired the discovery of new methods in highly potent drug development.This review focuses on the structure and function of the viral DNA packaging motors and describes how fundamental studies inspired various applications.Given these advantages,more nanotechnological and biomedical applications using bacteriophage motor components are expected.展开更多
文摘Stimuli-resp on sive release of drugs from a nano carrier in spatial-,temporal-,and dosage-controlled fashi ons is of great interest in the pharmaceutical industry.Paclitaxel is one of the most effective and popular chemotherapeutic drugs against a number of cancers such as metastatic or non metastatic breast can cer,non-small cell lung can cer,refractory ovaria n cancer,AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma,and head and neck can cers.Here,by taki ng the adva ntage of RNA nanotechno logy in biomedical and material scie nee,we developed a three-dime nsional pyramid-shaped RNA nanocage for a photocontrolled release of cargo,using paclitaxel as a model drug.The light-triggered release of paclitaxel or fluorophore Cy5 was achieved by incorporation of photocleavable spacers into the RNA nanoparticles.Upon irradiation with ultraviolet light,cargos were rapidly released(within 5 min).In vitro treatment of breast can cer cells with the RNA nano particles harbori ng photocleavable paclitaxel showed higher cytotoxicity as compared to RNA nanoparticles without the photocleavable spacer.The methodology provides proof of con cept for the applicati on of the light-triggered con trolled release of drugs from RNA nano cages.
文摘Many years of fundamental studies on viral genome packaging motors have led to fruitful applications.The double-stranded DNA(dsDNA)viruses package their genomes into preformed protein shells via nanomotors including several elegant and meticulous coaxial modules.The motor is geared by the hexameric RNA ring.An open washer displayed as hexametric string of phi29 motor ATPase has been reported.The open washer linked into a filament as a queue with left-handed chirality along the dsDNA chain.It was found that a free 5′-and 3′-dsDNA end is not required for one gp16 dimer and four monomers to assemble into the hexametric washer on dsDNA.The above studies have inspired several applications in nanotechnology and nanomedicine.These applications include:(i)studies on the precision motor channels have led to their application in the single pore sensing;(ii)investigations into the hand-in-hand integration of the hexametric pRNA ring have resulted in the emergence of the new field of RNA nanotechnology;and(iii)the studies on the motor stoichiometry of homologous multi-subunits that subsequently have inspired the discovery of new methods in highly potent drug development.This review focuses on the structure and function of the viral DNA packaging motors and describes how fundamental studies inspired various applications.Given these advantages,more nanotechnological and biomedical applications using bacteriophage motor components are expected.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21175135, 21375130, 21205119)the National Basic Research Program of China (2010CB933600)the 100 Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
