A multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of rhubarb in treating acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of the syndrome type phlegm-heat obstructing the lungs

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of oral administration of the traditional Chinese herb rhubarb to treat acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).Method:This was a multicenter randomized double-blinded placebo controlled study that took place in 7 provinces of China that enrolled 244 patients(aged 18e80 years)who had acute exacerbation of COPD with the traditional Chinese syndrome pattern of phlegm-heat obstructing lung.Participants were divided into experimental and control groups.The experimental group received 4.5 g of rhubarb granules twice daily and the control group received placebo granules.Both groups also received conventional Western therapy consisting of oxygen therapy,an antibiotic,expectorant,and a bronchodilator.Treatment lasted 10 days.Symptom scores for cough,sputum volume and color,wheezing and chest tightness before treatment and on days 3,5,7,and 10 during the treatment were recorded.Lung function,arterial blood gas and levels of serum inflammatory factors,interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-8(IL-8),and interleukin-10(IL-10)and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-a),before and after treatment were measured.Results:The sample size of the full analysis set(FAS)was 244 participants,and the sample size of per protocol set(PPS)was 235.Following 10 days’treatment,symptom scores of the experimental group were markedly lower than those of the placebo group(FAS:mean difference
1.67,95%CI:e2.66 to
0.69,P Z 0.001;PPS:mean difference
1.55,95%CI:
2.56 to
0.54,P Z 0.003).Lung function in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the placebo group(FEV1,FAS:mean difference 0.12,95%CI:0.06 to 0.18;P<0.001;PPS:mean difference 0.12,95%CI 0.05 to 0.18;P<0.001.FVC:FAS:mean difference 0.16,95%CI:0.06 to 0.26;P Z 0.002;PPS:mean difference 0.16,95%CI 0.05 to 0.26;P Z 0.003.FEV1%,FAS:mean difference 5.95,95%CI:3.36 to 8.53;P<0.001;PPS:mean difference 5.92,95%CI 3.28 to 8.56;P<0.001.).PaO2,PaCO2,as well as serum inflammatory factors were also improved when compared to the placebo group.There were no significant differences in the incidence rate of adverse reaction between the two groups.Conclusions:Compared with placebo,rhubarb granules significantly reduced symptom scores,improved blood oxygen level,controlled systemic inflammatory response,without significant adverse effects.Thus,rhubarb may be a beneficial adjuvant method for treating the phlegm-heat obstructing the lung syndrome pattern of AECOPD.

Clinical Effect of Yinma Zhisou Decoction Combined with Western Medicine in the Treatment of Acute COPD(Stagnation of PhlegmDampness in Lung)

[Objectives]To explore the effectiveness and safety of Yinma Zhisou Decoction in the treatment of AECOPD with phlegm-heat obstructing lung syndrome,and observe the symptoms of Yinma Zhisou decoction in the treatment of AECOPD patients with phlegm-heat stagnation lung syndrome improvement,inflammatory indicators,lung function,blood gas analysis,etc.[Methods]A total of 92 cases who met the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria were included in the study according to 1∶1 were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,control group with conventional Western medicine treatment,the treatment group on the basis of control group with Yinma Zhisou decoction treatment,a course of 10 d.The changes in TCM syndrome score,arterial blood gas analysis,pulmonary function,serum inflammatory indicator,mMRC score,and the CAT scores between the two groups after treatment were observed.All collected data were statistically analyzed with SPSS 26.0.[Results](i)Comparison of the curative effect between the two groups.After treatment,the total effective rate of the treatment group was 93.5%,which was higher than that of the control group(76.1%,P<0.05).The curative effect of the treatment group was better than that of the control group(P<0.05).(ii)Comparison of single TCM symptom scores.After treatment,the single TCM symptom scores of the two groups were lower than before(P<0.05),but the improvement of wheezing,cough,phlegm and chest pain in the treatment group was better than that in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the improvement of wheezing sound(P>0.05),but there was a trend of difference.(iii)Comparison of mMRC score and CAT score between the two groups.After treatment,the mMRC score and CAT score of the two groups were significantly improved(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant.(iv)Comparison of blood gas analysis indicators between the two groups.Intra-group comparison after treatment:PaOof the control group and the treatment group after treatment was significantly improved compared with that before treatment(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant.Comparison between the two groups after treatment:PaOand PaCOof the two groups after treatment(P>0.05),and the difference was not statistically significant.It indicated that Yinma Zhisou decoction had more advantages in improving hypoxia.(v)Comparison of pulmonary function between the two groups.After treatment,the FEV1/FVC of the treatment group and the control group was significantly different(P<0.05),and there was a statistical difference(P<0.05).(vi)Comparison of inflammatory indicators between the two groups.Intra-group comparison after treatment:the inflammatory indicators WBC,CRP and PCT in the control group and the treatment group were significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05),and the differences were statistically significant.It indicated that Yinma Zhisou decoction could effectively control inflammation and reduce inflammation reaction.[Conclusions]Compared with the control group,Yinma Zhisou decoction has obvious advantages in improving cough,expectoration and wheezing,and can significantly improve the total effective rate.Compared with Western medicine alone,Yinma Zhisou decoction can significantly improve patients’hypoxia,reduce mMRC and CAT scores,improve body activity tolerance,improve airway symptoms,and significantly reduce WBC,CRP,PCT and other serum inflammatory indicators.It can be seen that Yinma Zhisou decoction combined with Western medicine treatment is obviously better than simple Western medicine treatment,the curative effect is better,and the safety is better,and there are no serious adverse reactions in the course of the trial.

Application Value of Lung-Fire-Clearing,Phlegm-Resolving,and Bowels-Relaxing Decoction in Treating Lung Cancer of Phlegm-Heat Pattern

Objective:This article explores the clinical effects of lung-fire-clearing,phlegm-resolving and bowels-relaxing decoction in the treatment of lung cancer of phlegm-heat pattern.Methods:A total of 6 cases of lung cancer patients with phlegm-heat pattern were randomly selected from Inner Mongolia Baicaotang Qin's Zhong Meng Medical Hospital from March 2018 to December 2020 to conduct the study.They were divided into the reference group and the study group by using the digital table method.The patients in the reference group were treated with conventional Western medicine whereas the patients in the study group were treated with lung-fire-clearing,phlegm-resolving,and bowels-relaxing decoction to observe the curative effect.Results:There were no significant differences in the levels of the tumor markers between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).However,after treatment,the levels of cytokeratin 19 soluble fragments(CYFRA21-1),carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125),and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)in the study group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The effective rate and the quality of life score of the study group were higher than those of the reference group while the incidence of adverse reactions was lower than that of the reference group,P<0.05.Conclusion:Lung-fire-clearnig,phlegm-resolving,and bowels-relaxing decoction can effectively improve the symptoms of patients with lung cancer and improve their quality of life.

加味普济消毒颗粒内服联合消肿散结膏外敷治疗儿童急性扁桃体炎的临床研究

【目的】评价加味普济消毒颗粒(由金银花、连翘、蒲公英、紫花地丁、荆芥、牛蒡子、皂角刺、赤芍、牡丹皮、芦根等组成)内服联合消肿散结膏(由黄芩、黄连、黄柏、皂角刺等组成)外敷治疗儿童急性扁桃体炎(acute tonsillitis in children,ATC)的临床疗效及对免疫功能与相关炎症指标的影响。【方法】将116例ATC肺胃郁热证患儿随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各58例。对照组给予头孢克肟分散片治疗,观察组给予加味普济消毒颗粒内服联合消肿散结膏外敷治疗,疗程为14 d并随访6个月。观察2组患儿治疗前后中医证候积分、外周血中白细胞计数(WBC)、T淋巴细胞亚群CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平及血清肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平的变化情况,比较2组患儿的临床疗效和各项临床症状消失时间,同时监测2组患儿的不良反应发生情况和扁桃体炎复发情况。【结果】(1)研究期间,对照组有8例患儿脱落,观察组无脱落病例,最终对照组50例、观察组58例患儿完成全部疗程的治疗。(2)治疗14 d后,观察组的总有效率为98.28%(57/58),对照组为90.00%(45/50);组间比较(秩和检验),观察组的临床疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(3)治疗后,观察组患儿的咽痛消失时间、脓点消失时间、退热时间及扁桃体恢复正常时间均较对照组明显缩短(P<0.05)。(4)治疗后,2组患儿的主症积分、次症积分和中医证候总积分均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组的降低幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(5)治疗后,2组患儿的T淋巴细胞亚群CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平均较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05),CD8^(+)水平均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组对T淋巴细胞亚群CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平的升高幅度及对CD8^(+)水平的降低幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(6)治疗后,2组患儿的WBC、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6及CRP水平均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组的降低幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(7)治疗期间,2组患儿均未出现皮肤过敏及恶心、呕吐等胃肠道不良反应情况,具有较高的安全性。(8)随访6个月,观察组患儿的扁桃体炎复发率为5.17%(3/58),明显低于对照组的24.00%(12/50),组间比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.330,P<0.05)。【结论】加味普济消毒颗粒内服联合消肿散结膏外敷治疗ATC肺胃郁热证患儿疗效显著,可明显缩短病程,改善临床症状,有效降低扁桃体炎复发率,其机制可能与增强机体免疫功能、抑制炎症反应有关。

从“金郁泄之”论治溃疡性结肠炎

“金郁泄之”理论出自《黄帝内经》,“金”是肺与肠的基本属性,“郁”指郁滞,壅塞不通的异常状态,故“金郁”可理解为属金脏腑如肺、大肠所发壅滞、阻塞之证。“泄之”是五行属金脏腑郁滞的治疗方法,其具体含义应随“金郁”的病理产物、病位的不同而不同。溃疡性结肠炎多由邪蕴肠腑,气血瘀滞,肠道传导失司,湿、热、瘀于大肠相互搏结成郁,改变肠道属金肃降之性所致,其核心病机为湿热内蕴,气血瘀滞,属于“金郁”的范畴,病位虽在大肠,可波及于肺。故治疗应顺应“泄之”的法则,以祛除肺肠之郁为主,包括清泄与宣泄两种方法,同时补益肺、脾、肾三脏之气,以恢复肺肠之功能,达到扶正祛邪,标本兼顾的目的,促进溃疡性结肠炎的愈合。

清金化痰汤加减对痰热郁肺型慢性支气管炎急性发作期的临床治疗效果

目的 探究清金化痰汤加减对痰热郁肺型慢性支气管炎急性发作期患者的应用价值。方法选取2019年1月—2022年10月青岛市黄岛区人民医院收治的80例痰热郁肺型慢性支气管炎急性发作期患者进行研究。依据抽签法分为对照组(40例)与研究组(40例),分别实施常规治疗、常规治疗+清金化痰汤治疗。比较两组炎症因子、治疗效果与中医证候积分等。结果 研究组治疗有效率为97.50%,高于对照组的72.50%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.804,P<0.05)。研究组复发率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组中医证候积分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组炎症因子相关指标较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 清金化痰汤加减应用于痰热郁肺型慢性支气管炎急性发作期患者时,对炎症因子水平及中医证候的改善有一定促进作用,可提高整体治疗效果。

气血瘀滞型非小细胞肺癌患者“瘀毒”病机临床特征及补肺化瘀汤辅助治疗干预机制

【目的】探讨气血瘀滞型非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者“瘀毒”病机的临床特征以及补肺化瘀汤辅助治疗的干预机制。【方法】选取六安市中医院呼吸内科2021年1月至2022年9月收治的78例气血瘀滞型NSCLC患者作为NSCLC组,另选取71例同期健康体检志愿者为健康对照组,观察NSCLC组“瘀毒”病机的临床特征,比较2组凝血功能指标的差异。根据治疗方式的不同将NSCLC组患者分为补肺化瘀组40例和常规治疗组38例,常规治疗组采用常规化疗方案治疗,补肺化瘀组在常规治疗组的基础上加用补肺化瘀汤治疗,以3周为1个疗程,共治疗2个疗程。观察2组患者治疗前后中医证候积分、生活质量Karnofsky功能状态(KPS)评分、凝血功能、免疫功能、血清一氧化氮(NO)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平的变化情况,比较2组患者的临床疗效和治疗期间不良反应发生情况。【结果】(1)临床特征方面,NSCLC组患者临床分期为Ⅲ、Ⅳ期,病理类型为鳞癌、腺癌,KPS评分低于70分患者比例较高,中医证候积分较高,提示NSCLC患者病情较为严重;与健康对照组相比,NSCLC组患者的凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(TT)明显缩短,纤维蛋白原(FIB)、D-二聚体(D-D)水平明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。(2)疗效方面,治疗6周后,补肺化瘀组的总有效率和总稳定率分别为32.50%(13/40)、85.00%(34/40),明显优于常规治疗组的13.16%(5/38)、60.53%(23/38),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)证候积分方面,治疗3周后,补肺化瘀组的各项中医证候积分(包括神疲乏力、胸闷气短、胸部刺痛、脉络瘀血等)和常规治疗组的神疲乏力、胸闷气短积分均较治疗前改善(P<0.05);治疗6周后,2组NSCLC患者的各项中医证候积分均较治疗前和治疗3周后改善(P<0.05);组间比较,除治疗3周后的胸闷气短外,补肺化瘀组在治疗3周和6周后对各项中医证候积分的改善作用均明显优于常规治疗组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。(4)凝血功能方面,治疗6周后,补肺化瘀组的PT、TT、FIB、D-D水平均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.05),而常规治疗组仅FIB、D-D水平较治疗前改善(P<0.05);组间比较,补肺化瘀组对PT、FIB、D-D水平的改善作用均明显优于常规治疗组(P<0.05)。(5)血清NO、VEGF水平方面,治疗6周后,2组患者的血清NO、VEGF水平均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),且补肺化瘀组的降低作用均明显优于常规治疗组(P<0.01)。(6)免疫功能方面,治疗6周后,补肺化瘀组的T细胞亚群CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)水平和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值较治疗前升高(P<0.05)、CD8^(+)水平较治疗前降低(P<0.05),而常规治疗组的CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)水平及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值较治疗前降低(P<0.05)、CD8^(+)水平较治疗前升高(P<0.05);组间比较,补肺化瘀组对CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)水平和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值的升高作用及对CD8^(+)水平的降低作用均明显优于常规治疗组(P<0.01)。(7)生活质量方面,治疗6周后,2组患者的KPS评分均较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05),且补肺化瘀组的升高作用明显优于常规治疗组(P<0.01)。(8)不良反应方面,治疗过程中,2组患者的胃肠道反应、脱发的发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而补肺化瘀组的肝肾功能损伤、骨髓抑制、口腔黏膜毒性的不良反应发生率均明显低于常规治疗组(P<0.05或P<0.01),表明补肺化瘀汤可一定程度上降低化疗所引起的不良反应。【结论】气血瘀滞型NSCLC患者普遍病情进展程度深,血液凝滞性高,契合中医“瘀毒”病机;针对“瘀毒”病机使用补肺化瘀汤治疗可明显改善患者中医证候积分和凝血功能,下调血清NO、VEGF水平,改善患者免疫功能,可提高患者临床疗效及生活质量,减少化疗所带来的不良反应,具有较高的安全性。

宣肺败毒方治疗新冠病毒感染的中医学理论探讨及现代药理研究进展

目的探讨宣肺败毒方治疗新型冠状病毒感染的中医学理论,归纳该方的药理实验研究进展,为扩展该方的临床应用和进一步的实验研究提供参考。方法采用理论研究与文献调研相结合的方法,探讨宣肺败毒方的中医学理论和药理学进展,归纳该方的实验研究。结果宣肺败毒方适用于湿毒郁肺的患者,宣肺败毒方可通过PD-1/IL17A、IL-6/STAT3及CXCL2/CXCR2等通路改善肺损伤,以及NF-κB通路减轻肠道疾病。结论宣肺败毒方是中药和科技结合的产物,既有充分的中医药理论支撑,亦有足够的现代药理实验研究证据支持。

宽胸理肺汤联合沙美特罗替卡松治疗痰热郁肺慢阻肺临床观察

目的分析宽胸理肺汤联合沙美特罗替卡松治疗痰热郁肺慢阻肺(COPD)的临床疗效。方法选取2021年2月—2022年8月南丰县中医院收治的痰热郁肺COPD患者72例,按照随机数字表法分为研究组(36例)和对照组(36例),对照组采用沙美特罗替卡松药物治疗,研究组在对照组基础上联用宽胸理肺汤,比较2组临床疗效。结果研究组治疗总有效率较对照组更高(P<0.05);研究组FEV_(1)、FEV_(1)/FVC%较对照组更高(P<0.05);研究组中医证候积分较对照组更低(P<0.05);研究组RR及MAP水平较对照组更低(P<0.05)。结论宽胸理肺汤联合沙美特罗替卡松能够有效提高痰热郁肺慢阻肺患者的肺功能指标,促进其呼吸系统功能改善,临床应用效果显著。

Effects of acetylcysteine on micro-inflammation and pulmonary ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation

BACKGROUND Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD)is a serious complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,often characterized by increased morbidity and mortality.In traditional Chinese medicine,AECOPD is linked to phlegm-heat and blood-stasis,presenting symptoms like thick sputum,fever,and chest pain.It has been shown that acetylcysteine inhalation in conjunction with conventional therapy significantly reduced inflammatory markers and improved lung function parameters in patients with AECOPD,suggesting that acetylcysteine may be an important adjunctive therapy for patients with phlegm-heat-blood stasis type AECOPD.AIM To investigate the effect of acetylcysteine on microinflammation and lung ventilation in patients with phlegm-heat and blood-stasis-type AECOPD.METHODS One hundred patients with phlegm-heat and blood-stasis-type AECOPD were randomly assigned to two groups.The treatment group received acetylcysteine inhalation(10%solution,5 mL,twice daily)along with conventional therapy,whereas the control group received only conventional therapy.The treatment duration was 14 d.Inflammatory markers(C-reactive protein,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-alpha)in the serum and sputum as well as lung function parameters(forced expiratory volume in one second,forced vital capacity,and peak expiratory flow)were assessed pre-and post-treatment.Acetylcysteine inhalation led to significant reductions in inflammatory markers and improvements in lung function parameters compared to those in the control group(P<0.05).This suggests that acetylcysteine could serve as an effective adjunct therapy for patients with phlegm-heat and blood-stasis-type AECOPD.RESULTS Acetylcysteine inhalation significantly reduced inflammatory markers in the serum and sputum and improved lung ventilation function parameters in patients with phlegm-heat and blood-stasis type AECOPD compared with the control group.These differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The study concluded that acetylcysteine inhalation had a positive effect on microinflammation and lung ventilation function in patients with this type of AECOPD,suggesting its potential as an adjuvant therapy for such cases.CONCLUSION Acetylcysteine inhalation demonstrated significant improvements in reducing inflammatory markers in the serum and sputum,as well as enhancing lung ventilation function parameters in patients with phlegm-heat and bloodstasis type AECOPD.These findings suggest that acetylcysteine could serve as a valuable adjuvant therapy for individuals with this specific type of AECOPD,offering benefits for managing microinflammation and optimizing lung function.

桑白皮汤合沙参麦冬汤加减对肺胀病(痰热郁肺证)患者肺功能及运动耐量的影响

目的探讨桑白皮汤合沙参麦冬汤加减对肺胀病(痰热郁肺证)患者肺功能及运动耐量的影响。方法选取乐平市中医医院2021年10月至2023年8月收治的肺胀病(痰热郁肺证)患者86例,按抽签法分为对照组(43例)、治疗组(43例)。对照组予常规治疗,治疗组基于常规治疗予桑白皮汤合沙参麦冬汤加减治疗;对比两组治疗效果,肺功能指标,运动耐量及炎症指标。结果治疗组总治疗有效率较对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗2个疗程后,治疗组用力肺活量(FVC)、最大呼气流量(MEF)、第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))、6 min步行试验测试(6MWT)较对照组高,转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肺胀病(痰热郁肺证)患者采用桑白皮汤合沙参麦冬汤加减治疗效果较好,可改善肺功能,提高运动耐量,减轻炎症反应。

王秀娟运用和法论治手汗症经验

王秀娟教授认为,手汗症病机多与局部郁热蕴蒸、经络瘀滞不通有关,主要辨证分型为:肺脾不和证、中焦郁热证与心神失养证。王教授擅长运用和法,从脾胃治疗手汗症,手心汗出过多的肺脾不和证,常运用和脾胃、健脾气或补脾益肺为法,以复肺气之宣肃;中焦郁热证,常用和肝运脾之法,以疏肝泻火、健脾运浊;心神失养证,在补益心脾的基础上侧重健脾益气,中气和则五脏调。王教授治疗手汗症,注重整体辨证,阴阳表里寒热并重,重视中焦气机失调之病机,同时关注情志因素,遵循李东垣“内伤劳役伤脾气,饮食伤胃伤其形”之脾胃观,不忘将现代社会压力下人们的身心疾病因素考虑在内。在用药方面,王教授注重整体观,遣方用药以和为主,重在调和气机,辨证运用和肝疏郁、调和营卫、和解少阳等治法,使机体达到阴平阳秘之稳态。

清金化痰汤联合穴位贴敷治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作期临床观察

目的探究清金化痰汤加减联合穴位贴敷治疗慢性支气管炎(单纯型)急性发作期(痰热郁肺证)的临床疗效。方法采用随机数字表法将80例慢性支气管炎急性发作期患者分为对照组(西药治疗)和研究组(西药+清金化痰汤加减+穴位贴敷治疗),各40例。比较2组治疗前后中医症状积分、炎性指标的变化,并对2组临床症状改善时间、治疗有效率进行统计分析。结果治疗后,研究组中医症状总积分、炎性指标水平均低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组临床症状改善时间短于对照组(P<0.05),治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论清金化痰汤加减联合穴位贴敷可以提升痰热郁肺型慢性支气管炎临床治疗有效率,缩短临床症状改善时间,改善中医证候和炎症水平。

清金化痰汤加减治疗痰热郁肺型细菌性肺炎 临床有效性及安全性评价

目的探究与分析清金化痰汤加减治疗痰热郁肺型细菌性肺炎临床有效性及安全性。方法选取2022年1月—2022年12月无锡市惠山区中医医院呼吸内科收治的60例痰热郁肺型细菌性肺炎患者作为研究对象,采取随机数表法将其分为对照组与观察组,每组30例。对照组采取常规西药治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用清金化痰汤加减治疗,比较两组临床疗效、治疗后主要症状消失时间以及治疗前后实验室指标,同时观察两组不良反应发生情况。结果观察组与对照组相比临床总有效率更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组与对照组相比,咳嗽、咳痰、发热、喘息、肺部湿啰音消失时间较短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后与对照组治疗后相比白细胞计数降低、血清降钙素原水平降低、C反应蛋白水平较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组治疗前后肝肾功能指标结果并未出现明显的症状表现及变化,观察组仅出现1例恶心症状,对照组与观察组的不良反应比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论清金化痰汤加减治疗痰热郁肺型细菌性肺炎的临床疗效突出,能够有效地改善相关症状及体征,改善实验室指标,缩短主要症状消失时间,且治疗期间无明显不良反应发生,安全性较高。

宣肺化湿止咳汤治疗湿热郁肺型咳嗽变异性哮喘临床观察

目的探究湿热郁肺型咳嗽变异性哮喘患者使用自拟宣肺化湿止咳汤干预的多中心临床疗效及安全性。方法选择江西省中医院、丰城市中医院以及宜春市中医院共140例湿热郁肺型咳嗽变异性哮喘患者作为观察群体,治疗组70例(脱落7例)患者采用自拟宣肺化湿止咳汤治疗,对照组70例(脱落11例)患者采用沙美特罗替卡松吸入粉雾剂治疗,疗程14 d。比较2组咳嗽症状积分、气道反应性测定、莱塞斯特咳嗽生命质量问卷(LCQ)评分、咳嗽症状疗效和第1秒用力呼气容积下降20%所需的组胺累积量(PD_(20)-FEV_(1))和气道反应性疗效。结果治疗组咳嗽症状积分低于对照组(P<0.01);治疗组咳嗽症状总有效率为92.06%(58/63)、控显率为82.54%(52/63),高于对照组的74.58%(44/59)、54.24%(32/59)(P<0.05);治疗组LCQ评分高于对照组(P<0.01);在气道反应性总有效率方面,治疗组为88.89%(56/63),对照组为69.49%(41/59)(P<0.05);2组PD_(20)-FEV_(1)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论自拟宣肺化湿止咳汤能够有效缓解咳嗽症状,改善气道高反应性,提升患者的生活质量。

基于数据挖掘探析刘小虹教授治疗痰热郁肺型慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期的用药规律

目的:探讨刘小虹教授治疗痰热郁肺型慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)的用药规律。方法:收集刘小虹教授近2年治疗痰热郁肺型AECOPD的中药处方,将方药录入Microsoft Excel软件。采用中医传承辅助平台(V2.5)统计用药频次和药物功效,根据Apriori算法对用药模式及关联规则(支持度≥0.30、置信度≥0.80)进行统计分析,运用熵层次聚类法提取内在核心组合和新方组合(相关度为7、惩罚度为2)。结果:共录入处方202首,包含中药2155味,其中用药频次由高到低依次为黄芩、杏仁、桑白皮、瓜蒌、甘草、半夏、浙贝母、葶苈子、麻黄、紫苏子等;主要药物功效分类按使用频次由高到低依次为化痰药、清热药、止咳平喘药、解表药、利水渗湿药、活血药、泻下药、行气药、补气药、养阴药等;常用药物配伍有“黄芩+杏仁”“黄芩+桑白皮”“黄芩+瓜蒌”“杏仁+桑白皮”等;挖掘出内在核心组合10个,以及新方5首。结论:刘小虹治疗痰热郁肺型AECOPD手法丰富、思路灵活,其以清热化痰、止咳平喘为主要治法,常用黄芩、杏仁、桑白皮等中药,另佐以解表、通腑、行气活血、补气、养阴等法。由内在关联聚类而成的5首新方,可为痰热郁肺型AECOPD的治疗提供参考。

血府逐瘀胶囊联合顺铂对小鼠Lewis肺癌移植瘤血管新生及VEGFA、VEGFR2表达的影响

目的探讨血府逐瘀胶囊联合顺铂对小鼠Lewis肺癌移植瘤血管新生及血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA)、血管内皮细胞生长因子受体2(VEGFR2)表达的影响。方法从75只C57BL/6小鼠中随机取15只作为正常组,其余小鼠均进行Lewis肺癌荷瘤造模。将造模成功的60只小鼠随机分为模型组、顺铂组、血府逐瘀胶囊组、血府逐瘀胶囊联合顺铂组,每组15只。血府逐瘀胶囊组给予血府逐瘀胶囊0.36 g/kg灌胃,模型组给予生理盐水灌胃,均2次/d;顺铂组给予2 mg/kg的顺铂腹腔注射,2 d 1次;血府逐瘀胶囊联合顺铂组给予0.36 g/kg血府逐瘀胶囊灌胃(2次/d)和2 mg/kg的顺铂腹腔注射(2 d 1次);正常组不给予任何干预。各组连续干预15 d后,统计存活率,摘取瘤组织并称量瘤重,计算抑瘤率,免疫组化法检测肿瘤组织中微血管数量,ELISA法测定血浆VEGFA、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)水平,免疫印迹法检测肿瘤组织中VEGFA、VEGFR2蛋白表达情况。结果顺铂组和血府逐瘀胶囊联合顺铂组小鼠存活率明显高于模型组和血府逐瘀胶囊组(P均<0.05);血府逐瘀胶囊联合顺铂组瘤重明显低于其他组(P均<0.05),抑瘤率明显高于顺铂组和血府逐瘀胶囊组(P均<0.05),肿瘤组织中微血管数明显少于模型组和血府逐瘀胶囊组(P均<0.05);顺铂组瘤重明显低于模型组和血府逐瘀胶囊组(P均<0.05),抑瘤率明显高于血府逐瘀胶囊组(P<0.05),肿瘤组织中微血管数明显少于其他组(P均<0.05)。顺铂组血浆VEGFA、bFGF水平和肿瘤组织中VEGFA、VEGFR2蛋白相对表达量均明显低于模型组(P均<0.05);血府逐瘀胶囊联合顺铂组血浆bFGF水平和肿瘤组织中VEGFR2蛋白相对表达量均明显低于模型组(P均<0.05)。结论血府逐瘀胶囊联合顺铂对Lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠具有显著的抑瘤及抑制肿瘤血管新生的作用,其机制可能与VEGFA/VEGFR2信号通路相关。

上海市112例新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染的老年患者中医证候特征

目的分析上海市第四人民医院新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染的老年患者的临床资料,探讨中医临床特征及证型特点。方法纳入上海市第四人民医院山西医疗队2022年4月28日至5月27日收治的新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染的老年患者112例,采集其临床表现及中医证候等信息,分析中医临床特点及证型规律。结果奥密克戎变异株感染的老年患者平均年龄为(75.50±10.91)岁,男女比例为1∶1.15,有确诊患者接触史79.46%。胸部CT影像学表现以磨玻璃影为主(41.07%),白细胞降低者45.54%,淋巴细胞降低者46.43%,C反应蛋白升高者75.00%,D-二聚体升高者67.86%。临床以咳嗽、咯痰、咽痛、便秘、食欲不振、乏力等为主要证候表现。舌质以红舌与淡红舌多见;舌苔以黄腻苔为主;脉象以滑脉、数脉为主。辨证分型以湿热郁肺、肺脾两虚、气阴两虚及湿毒郁肺证为主。结论新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染的老年患者发病与基础疾病和年龄密切相关,肺脾气阴不足是发病的内在条件,疫毒夹湿是本病的主要病理因素,可兼见“热、毒、虚、瘀”等特点。

基于真实世界回顾性分析感染后咳嗽湿热郁肺证证候特点

目的基于真实世界临床数据,探讨感染后咳嗽(PIC)湿热郁肺证临床特点及中医辨证规律。方法选取2009年1月-2021年12月北京中医药大学东方医院呼吸热病科PIC患者病案661份,筛选、合并后共收集243例患者一般资料、病史资料、中医四诊等信息,分析湿热郁肺证患者性别及年龄特征、发病特点及中医证候特征,并对高频症状、药物进行系统聚类分析。结果243例PIC患者中湿热郁肺证155例(63.79%);男女比例1∶2.04;平均发病年龄(52.12±14.26)岁;性别与年龄分布差异无统计学意义(P=0.074),不同年龄组性别分布经两两比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.033),其中青年组男性多见,老年组女性多见。发病季节以秋、冬为主;感冒为最常见病因(76.13%);咳嗽程度以轻度为主(65.16%),中度次之(28.39%);痰量以少痰最多(62.58%);痰色以白痰最多(54.84%);咽喉部症状以咽痒最常见(66.45%);口味情况以口苦最常见(32.90%),口黏腻次之(29.68%)。常见中医症状及舌脉为咳嗽、咽痒、口干、少痰、痰白、阵咳、口苦、口黏腻、口渴欲饮、饮不解渴,舌红、苔黄腻,脉滑、脉弦滑;系统聚类得到5个关联组合,其中以肺系症状及中焦湿热症状为主要表现。处方共涉及中药103种,使用频率>10%的药物经系统聚类可分为化痰止咳药、清热利湿药、健脾化湿药3类。结论湿热郁肺证在PIC临床辨证中多见,临床表现多见肺系症状及中焦湿热症状。

基于“火郁发之”论姜黄防治肺癌分子靶标网络构建及活性成分预测

通过梳理肿瘤的发展特点,发现肺癌发生、发展过程与火郁息息相关,火热之邪伏于体内,出现气滞、痰瘀等病理因素,机体运化不力,日久累积,久不可解则结聚生癌。火郁必当发之,当通过宣通、升散、透达、疏导等方法因势而利导,使内热得以清除,邪气得以外出而对肿瘤起到防治效果。姜黄具有苦能泻热、辛能散结的发越郁热之功效,且近些年姜黄因防治肿瘤而被医学广泛关注,因此该文以“火郁发之”理论作为基础,浅析姜黄防治肺癌的理论,结合现代技术获取姜黄6种活性成分及防治肺癌的69个潜在靶点,并且经过验证核心成分与关键靶点具有较强的亲和力来证明研究结果的有效性,为肺癌的防治提供新的靶点和机制预测。