Photodetachment of H^- in an electric field between two parallel interfaces

By using the closed orbit theory, the photodetachment cross section of H- in a static electric field between two parallel elastic interfaces is derived and calculated. It is found that the photodetachment cross section depends on the electric field and the distance between the ion and the elastic interface. The oscillation of the cross section becomes more complicated than in the case of H- near one elastic interface. The results show that near the detachment threshold, the influence of the additional interface can be neglected. But with the increase of the energy, its influence becomes great. At some energies, the cross sections display sharp peaks, contrasting with the staircase structure when only one interface exists. This study provides a new understanding of the photodetachment process of H- in the presence of external field and interfaces.

The influence of interface modifier on photodetachment of negative ions in an electric field near a metal surface

Based on closed-orbit theory, the influence of an interface modifier on the photodetachment of H^- in an electric field near a metal surface is studied. It is demonstrated that the interface strengthens the oscillations in the photodetachment cross section. However, when the electric field environments are different, the strengthening oscillations are caused by different sources. When the electric field direction is upward, the interface enhances the oscillations by shortening the period and the action of the closed orbit. When the electric field direction is downward, the interface strengthens the oscillations either by extending the coherent energy range or by increasing the total number of the closed orbits. We hope that our results will be conducive to the understanding of the photodetachment process of negative ions near interfaces, cavities and ion traps.

Control of the photodetachment of H^-near a metallic sphere surface by an elastic interface

According to the closed-orbit theory, we study the influence of elastic interface on the photodetachment of H- near a metallic sphere surface. First, we give a clear physical description of the detached electron movement between the elastic interface and the metallic sphere surface. Then we put forward an analytical formula for calculating the photodetachment cross section of this system. Our study suggests that the photodetachment cross section of H is changed with the distance between the elastic interface and H^-. Compared with the photodetachment cross section of H^- near a metallic sphere surface without the elastic interface, the cross section of our system oscillates and its oscillation is strengthened with the decrease of the distance from the elastic interface to H^-. In additon, our calcuation results suggest that the influence of the elastic interface becomes much more significant when it is located in the lower half space rather than in the upper half space. Therefore, we can control the photodetachment of H^- near a metallic sphere surface by changing the position of the elastic interface. We hope that our work is conducive to the understanding of the photodetachment process of negative ions near interfaces, cavities and ion traps.

Double—Pulse Spectra and Closed—Orbits：Photodetachment of H^— in parallel Electric and Magnetic Fields

We derive a formula for double-pulse spectra from closed-orbit theory. We then calculate the double-pulsephotodetachment spectra of H- in the presence of parallel electric and magnetic fields. We analyze the spectra in termsof closed-orbits of the system. We suggest a method for the measurement of a phase associated with each closed-orbit.

Photodetachment dynamics of H^- ion in a harmonic potential plus a time-dependent oscillating electric field

The photodetachment dynamics of H^- ion in a harmonic potential plus an oscillating electric field is studied using the time-dependent closed orbit theory. An analytical formula for calculating the photodetachment cross section of this system is put forward. It is found that the photodetachment cross section of this system is nearly unaffected for the weak oscillating electric field strength, but oscillates complicatedly when the oscillating electric field strength turns strong. In addition, the frequency of the harmonic potential and the oscillating electric field （the frequency of the harmonic potential and the frequency of the oscillating electric field are the same in the paper, unless otherwise stated.） can also affect the photodetachment dynamics of this system. With the increase of the frequency in the harmonic potential and the oscillating electric field, the number of the closed orbits for the detached electrons increased, which makes the oscillatory structure in the photodetachment cross section much more complex. Our study presents an intuitive understanding of the photodetachment dynamics driven by a harmonic potential plus an oscillating electric field from a space and time dependent viewpoint. This study is very useful in guiding the future experimental research for the photodetachment dynamics in the electric field both changing with space and time.

The influence of electric field on the photodetachment of H^- near a metal surface

The influence of electric field on the photodetachment of H- near a metal surface is investigated based on the closed-orbit theory. It is found that the photodetachment of H- near a metal surface is not only related to the electric field strength but also to the electric field direction. If the electric field is along the ＋z axis, it can strengthen the oscillation in the photodetachment cross section. However, if the electric field is along the -z axis, since the direction of electric field force is opposite to that of static-image force caused by the metal surface, the situation becomes much more complicated. When the electric field is very weak, its influence can be neglected. The photodetachment cross section is nearly the same as that when a single metal surface exists. When the electric field strength is strong enough, the electric field force is able to counteract the metallic attraction, therefore no closed orbit is formed. If the electric field continues to increase until its influence becomes dominant, the photodetachment cross section approaches the case of the photodetachment of H^- in an electric field. Our results may be useful for guiding future experimental studies on the photodetachment of negative ions near surfaces.

Magnetic field effect in photodetachment from negative ion in electric field near metal surface

Based on the closed-orbit theory, the magnetic field effect in the photodetachment of negative ion in the electric field near a metal surface is studied for the first time. The results show that the magnetic field can produce a significant effect on the photodetachment of negative ion near a metal surface. Besides the closed orbits previously found by Duet al. for the H in the electric field near a metal surface （J. Phys. B 43 035002 （2010））, some additional closed orbits are produced due to the effect of magnetic field. For a given ion surface distance and an electric field strength, the cross section depends sensitively on the magnetic field strength. As the magnetic field strength is very small, its influence can be neglected. With the increase of the magnetic field strength, the number of the closed orbits increases greatly and the oscillation in the cross section becomes much more complex. Therefore we can control the photodetachment cross section of the negative ion by changing the magnetic field strength. We hope that our results may guide future experimental studies for the photodetachment process of negative ion in the presence of external fields and surfaces.

Photodetachment of negative ion in a gradient electric field near a metal surface

Based on closed-orbit theory, the photodetachment of H- in a gradient electric field near a metal surface is studied. It is demonstrated that the gradient electric field has a significant influence on the photodetachment of negative ions near a metal surface. With the increase of the gradient of the electric field, the oscillation in the photodetachment cross section becomes strengthened. Besides, in contrast to the photodetachment of H- near a metal surface in a uniform electric field, the oscillating amplitude and the oscillating region in the cross section of a gradient electric field also become enlarged. Therefore, we can use the gradient electric field to control the photodetachment of negative ions near a metal surface. We hope that our results will be useful for understanding the photodetachment of negative ions in the vicinity of surfaces, cavities, and ion traps.

Photodetachment of hydrogen negative ion inside a circular microcavity

The photodetachment of a hydrogen negative ion inside a circular microcavity is studied based on the semiclassical closed orbit theory. The closed orbit of the photo-detached electron in a circular microcavity is investigated and the photodetachment cross section of this system is calculated. The calculation result suggests that oscillating structure appears in the photodetachment cross section, which is caused by the interference effects of the returning electron waves with the outgoing waves traveling along the closed orbits. Besides, our study suggests that the photodetachment cross section of the negative ions depends on the laser polarization sensitively. In order to show the correspondence between the cross section and the closed orbits of the detached electron clearly, we calculate the Fourier transformation of the cross section and find that each peak corresponds to the length of one closed orbit. We hope that our results will be useful for understanding the photodetachment process of negative ions or the electron transport in a microcavity.

Quantum calculations for photodetachment cross sections of H^- in an inhomogeneous electric field

We calculate the photodetachment cross sections of H- in a gradient electric field based on traditional quantum approach. The system provides a rare example that the formulas for the cross sections can be explicitly derived by both the quantum approach and closed-orbit theory. The quantum results are compared with those of the closed-orbit theory. The correct phase values in the closed-orbit theory are essential and necessary to produce accurate cross sections. Our quantum results remove some previous ambiguities in assigning the phase values in the closed-orbit theory （G. C. Yang and M. L. Du 2007 Phys. Rev. A 75 029904E）.

Photodetachment of H^- near a hard wall with arbitrary laser polarization direction

The photodetachment of H-near a hard wall is investigated with linear polarized laser light travelling in arbitrary direction θL with respect to the z axis. An analytical formula for the total cross section is derived using semi-classical closed orbit theory, which consists of two terms, i.e., the smooth background term and the oscillatory term with an extra factor 2(θL). This factor controls oscillations in the total photodetachment cross section. The amplitude of oscillation is maximum at θL = 0 when the laser polarization direction is perpendicular to the wall and it approaches zero at θL = π /2when the laser polarization direction is parallel to the wall. It is also observed that the total cross section depends on the source–wall distance and it reduces to a free space case when the wall is at infinite distance from the source.

Quantum and semiclassical studies on photodetachment cross sections of H^- in a harmonic potential

The photodetachment cross section of H- in a linear harmonic oscillator potential is investigated. This system pro- vides a rare example that can be studied analytically by both quantum and semiclassical methods with some approxi- mations. The formulas of the cross section for different laser polarization directions are explicitly derived by both the traditional quantum approach and closed-orbit theory. In the traditional quantum approach, we calculate the cross sections in coordinate representation and momentum representation, and get the same formulas. We compare the quantum formulas with closed-orbit theory formulas, and find that when the detachment electron energy is larger than hco, where co is the frequency of the oscillator potential, the quantum results are shown to be in good agreement with the semiclassical results.

Photodetachment of H^- Near a Dielectric Surface

用关上的轨道理论， H 的 photodetachment 十字节？近，绝缘的表面被导出并且计算。结果证明绝缘的表面在电离阀值附近在否定离子的 photodetachment 过程上有大影响。在电离阀值上面， photodetachment 十字节开始震荡。随精力的增加，震荡的振幅减少，震荡的频率增加。在 H 的 photodetachment 十字节的摆动？面对绝缘的表面比 H 的 photodetachment 更大或小吗？没有表面。因为光子精力比批评价值 Epc 大，摆动的结构消失了并且 H 的 photodetachment 的盒子的生气的节途径吗？在任何外部地外面。为一个给定的分开电子的精力， photodetachment 十字节变得随离子表面距离的增加减少了。而且，绝缘的常数在 H 的 photodetachment 上有大影响 ? 。随绝缘的常数的增加，在生气的节的摆动变得增加。作为到无穷的绝缘的经常的增加，生气的节与 H 的 photodetachment 一样吗？接近金属表面。这研究在 H 的 photodetachment 过程上提供新理解吗？面对电介质出现。

H^-在矩形腔中的光剥离截面（英文）

根据半经典闭合轨道理论研究了矩形腔对氢负离子的光剥离进程的影响,利用反射定律分析矩形腔中与光剥离截面相联系的剥离电子运动的闭合轨道,推导出该体系下的光剥离截面公式,在线性极化光的作用下,研究了腔的尺寸对光剥离截面的影响,并将其与麻志君等用量子力学方法研究的结果进行对比.结果表明:矩形腔的存在及其大小对光剥离截面中由闭合轨道相联系的返回波与波源函数发生干涉引起的振荡有很大影响,且振荡曲线随着矩形腔的尺寸变化明显;当激光极化方向沿着x轴或者y轴时,半经典方法与量子力学方法的结果一致,当激光极化方向沿着z轴时,由于矩形腔在z轴上对光剥离截面不作用,采用半经典方法光剥离截面与无场的情况相同,但是采用量子力学方法,其结果中却出现振荡,表明半经典方法研究此体系结果更准确.研究结果可对研究负离子光剥离以及外腔中的电子输运问题提供参考.

激光对负离子光剥离截面影响的研究

利用半经典理论,计算了激光极化方向对氢负离子在金属面附近光剥离截面的影响.结果表明,在临界能量范围内氢负离子的光剥离截面发生了较大的变化.与激光极化方向沿z轴时的光剥离截面相比,截面的振荡幅度随激光极化方向与z轴夹角的增大而减小,振荡频率没有发生变化.结果对于研究负离子体系在界面附近的光剥离问题具有一定的参考价值.

平行电磁场中H^-光剥离电子轨道分岔现象的研究

当改变能量、位置或场强等参数时，电磁场中里德堡态的原子、分子和离子等体系将出现分岔现象，从而导致波函数在分岔点附近发散，半经典闭合轨道理论不再适用。本文分析并计算了平行电磁场中的H^-光剥离电子轨道的分岔现象，并采用统一近似的方法进行定域修正，从而消除了分岔点的奇异性，得到了合理的光剥离电子流的分布。

平行电磁场中H^-光剥离电子轨道分岔现象的研究

当改变能量、位置或场强等参数时,电磁场中里德堡态的原子、分子和离子等体系将出现分岔现象,从而导致波函数在分岔点附近发散,半经典闭合轨道理论不再适用.本文分析并计算了平行电磁场中H-光剥离电子轨道的分岔现象,并采用统一近似的方法进行定域修正,从而消除了分岔点的奇异性,得到了合理的光剥离电子流的分布.

氢负离子在外强场及表面附近光剥离的研究

随着光剥离显微技术和表面物理的发展,原子或负离子体系在外场和表面附近光剥离的研究引起了人们的广泛关注.本文利用闭合轨道理论研究了平行电场和磁场以及金属面附近氢负离子的光剥离问题.保持负离子到金属面的距离和磁场强度大小不变,我们主要研究了电场对光剥离截面的影响.结果发现:光剥离截面不仅与电场强度大小有关而且与电场方向有关.当电场方向沿+z轴时,不论电场强度大小如何都对光剥离截面有影响.当电场方向沿-z轴时,情况更加复杂,此时既可以形成向上的闭合轨道,还可以形成向下的闭合轨道,截面中的振荡也变得更复杂.此研究不仅有助于理解负离子在外场和表面附近的光剥离问题,也为将来进一步开发光剥离显微镜提供一定的参考,同时对丰富和发展该理论本身意义重大.在等离子体物理、表面科学、核聚变、激光分离同位素等高科技领域中也有重要的应用前景.

磁场对电场和金属面附近氢负离子光剥离的影响

利用闭合轨道理论,研究了负离子在电场和金属面附近光剥离的磁场效应.结果表明磁场对负离子在金属面附近的光剥离可以产生很重要的影响.除了杜孟利等人在研究电场和金属面附近负离子的光剥离中发现的闭合轨道以外,还存在由于磁场的影响而产生的更多的闭合轨道.当给定负离子到金属面的距离和电场强度之后,光剥离截面随着磁场强度的变化非常敏感.磁场强度很小时,其影响可以忽略.但是随着磁场强度的增大,产生的闭合轨道数目增多,导致光剥离截面中的振荡结构变得非常复杂.因此,可以通过改变磁场的强度来调控负离子的光剥离截面.该理论结果对于将来实验研究负离子体系在表面和外电场存在时的光剥离问题提供一定的参考.

量子计算正三角形腔内的氢负离子光剥离截面

用传统量子力学方法研究了横截面为正三角形的腔内氢负离子光剥离,得到了光剥离截面随能量变化的解析表达公式.该公式还给出了剥离截面的阈值行为.进一步研究发现,当氢负离子处于正三角形一角附近时,用量子力学方法得到的结果与氢负离子处于60?角域内时使用闭合轨道理论得到的结果一致.