The bright and dark photon number states in Young’s interference experiment

In this paper, we derive the bright and dark photon number states for spatial interference of two or more light beams and succeed in the explanation of Young's interference experiment, and also achieve a better comprehension of the well known comment of Dirac 'each photon only interferences with itself'. Prom the fully quantum point of view, the origin of the interference fringes consists in the mode transformation and the detection of double-slit states.

Oscillation behaviour in the photon-number distribution of squeezed coherent states

From the normally ordered form of the density operator of a squeezed coherent state（SCS）,we directly derive the compact expression of the SCS＇s photon-number distribution（PND）.Besides the known oscillation characteristics,we find that the PND is a periodic function with a period of π and extremely sensitive to phase.If the squeezing is strong enough,and the compound phase which is relevant to the complex squeezing and displacement parameters are assigned appropriate values,different oscillation behaviours in PND for even and odd photon numbers appear,respectively.

Single-mode photon number measurement for the squeezed two-mode number state

Based on the fact that a two-mode squeezed number state is a two-variable Hermite polynomial excitation of the two-mode squeezed vacuum state, the result of one-mode l-photon measurement for the two-mode squeezed number state S2｜m, n） is discussed. It is found that a remaining field-mode simultaneously collapses into a number state ｜n - m＋l｜ with the coefficient being a Jacobi polynomial of n, m and l, which manifestly exhibits the entanglement between the two modes, i.e. it depends on the number-difference between the two modes. The second mode collapses into an excited coherent state when the first mode is measured as a coherent state.

Photon-number distribution of two-mode squeezed thermal states by entangled state representation

Using the entangled state representation, we convert a two-mode squeezed number state to a Hermite polynomial excited squeezed vacuum state. We first analytically derive the photon number distribution of the two-mode squeezed thermal states. It is found that it is a Jacobi polynomial; a remarkable result. This result can be directly applied to obtaining the photon number distribution of non-Gaussian states generated by subtracting from （adding to） two-mode squeezed thermal states.

Photon number cumulant expansion and generating function for photon added-and subtracted-two-mode squeezed states

For the first time, we derive the photon number cumulant for two-mode squeezed state and show that its cumulant expansion leads to normalization of two-mode photon subtracted-squeezed states and photon added- squeezed states. We show that the normalization is related to Jacobi polynomial, so the cumulant expansion in turn represents the new generating function of Jacobi polynomial.

Oscillation behaviour in the photon-number distribution of squeezed coherent states

From the normally ordered form of the density operator of a squeezed coherent state(SCS),we directly derive the compact expression of the SCS’s photon-number distribution(PND).Besides the known oscillation characteristics,we find that the PND is a periodic function with a period of π and extremely sensitive to phase.If the squeezing is strong enough,and the compound phase which is relevant to the complex squeezing and displacement parameters are assigned appropriate values,different oscillation behaviours in PND for even and odd photon numbers appear,respectively.

Quantum statistical properties of photon-added spin coherent states

The photon-added spin coherent state as a new kind of coherent state has been defined by iterated actions of the proper raising operator on the ordinary spin coherent state. In this paper, the quantum statistical properties of photon-added spin coherent states such as photon number distribution, second-order correlation function and Wigner function are studied. It is found that the Wigner function shows the negativity in some regions and the second-order correlation function is less than unity. Therefore, the photon-added spin coherent state is a nonclassical state.

Phase-sensitive nonclassical properties of photon-added-then-subtracted coherent squeezed states

We investigate the nonclassical properties of the photon-added-then-subtracted coherent squeezed state （PASCSS） via the sub-Poissonian statistics, the photon-number distribution, and the negativity of the Wigner function. It is found that the PASSCS is a superposition state of D（β）S（ζ）｜0〉, D（β）S（ζ）｜1〉, and D（β）S（ζ）｜2〉. We find that the Mandel Q parameter, the photon-number distribution, and the negative volume of the Wigner function of the PASCSS are all periodic functions of the compound Ф - 0/2 with a period π involved with squeezing and displacement parameteTs.

有限大小量子Dicke-Stark模型的动力学性质

利用相干态的超完备性,可以有效解决光子数空间的截断问题,在有限的相干态空间中即可得到精确的计算结果.本文在相干态空间中计算了Dicke-Stark模型的数值精确解,继而讨论了该模型的量子相变和时间演化动力学.通过计算Dicke-Stark模型基态的平均光子数和平均角动量,发现了量子相变现象,量子相变临界点会随非线性Stark作用发生移动.计算得到Dicke-Stark模型平均光子数和平均角动量随耦合强度和时间演化的相图,有助于了解有限大小Dicke-Stark模型的动力学性质.

基于多光子叠加态的交叉相位调制耦合参数测量

继纠缠之后,粒子间相互作用已成为量子增强的重要资源.在不利用纠缠资源的前提下,已有研究工作利用单光子叠加态与相干态的相互作用实现了精度为海森堡极限的参数测量,然而海森堡极限并不是这个相互作用模型的测量精度极限.为了得到更高的测量精度,将单光子叠加态替换为多光子叠加态,在弱测量框架下对信号光量子态进行后选择与量子态筛选.将单光子叠加态替换为多光子叠加态,能为测量结果带来全方位提升.提出基于多光子叠加态的交叉相位调制耦合参数测量的物理方案,该物理方案具有搭建难度低及操作简单的优点.

Number-chaotic State光场与原子相互作用耦合系统中的量子关联

在强度关联耦合(IDC)条件下,对单模Number-chaotic State光场与两个二能级原子相互作用系统中的纠缠与量子关联动力学演化特性进行了探究。着重研究了多光子跃迁和强度耦合参数对纠缠与量子关联特性的影响。结果表明,当量子纠缠为零时,原子间仍然存在着一定的量子关联效应。随光场光子数的增大,纠缠与量子关联演化的周期均变短,光子跃迁数增大将使得量子纠缠与量子关联的演化呈现无规振荡形式。

Analytical and numerical investigations of displaced thermal state evolutions in a laser process

We investigate how displaced thermal states （DTSs） evolve in a laser channel. Remarkably, the initial DTS, an example of a mixed state, still remains mixed and thermal. At long times, they finally decay to a highly classical thermal field only related to the laser parameters κ and g. The normal ordering product of density operator of the DTS in the laser channel leads to obtaining the analytical time-evolution expressions of the photon number, Wigner function, and von Neumann entropy. Also, some interesting results are presented via numerically investigating these explicit time-dependent expressions.

Thermal vacuum state corresponding to squeezed chaotic light and its application

For the density operator（mixed state） describing squeezed chaotic light（SCL） we search for its thermal vacuum state（a pure state） in the real-fictitious space. Using the method of integration within ordered product（IWOP） of operators we find that it is a kind of one- and two-mode combinatorial squeezed state. Its application in evaluating the quantum fluctuation of photon number reveals： the stronger the squeezing is, the larger a fluctuation appears. The second-order degree of coherence of SCL is also deduced which shows that SCL is classic. The new thermal vacuum state also helps to derive the Wigner function of SCL.

The security of decoy state protocol in the partial photon number splitting attack

The decoy state protocol was proposed to overcome the primitive photon number splitting attack.When using a better strategy,the attacker can ensure that the ratio of the overall gain of the signal state pulse against the decoy state pulse changes very little,even to keep the overall gain of the signal state pulses equal to that obtained without attacker.In this paper we first give a model of the partial photon number splitting attack which contains the original one,and then find that the decoy state protocol still works effectively under the partial photon number splitting attack.

与两等同Bell态纠缠原子相互作用光场的量子场熵

利用全量子理论,并通过数值计算,研究了初始处于Fock态的单模光场与两等同双能级纠缠原子单光子共振相互作用过程中单模光场量子场熵的时间演化特性.结果发现:当两原子初始处于第一种Bell态时,光场量子场熵的时间演化周期为π/g2(2n+1)～1/2;随着初始光强的增大,光场与原子之间的量子纠缠现象减弱;特别是当时间t为演化周期的整数倍时,场-原子系统处于退纠缠状态.当两原子初始处于第二种Bell态时,光场量子场熵不随时间变化,恒为零.当两原子初始分别处于第三种和第四种Bell态时,光场量子场熵的时间演化曲线呈现不等幅周期振荡现象;并且随着初始光场光子数的增加,光场量子场熵的振荡周期逐渐增大,但振荡幅值逐渐减小.

Kerr介质中级联三能级原子与压缩相干态相互作用的光子统计演化

本文研究了存在Kerr介质的高Q腔中压缩相干态与级联三能级原子相互作用的光子统计演化规律，讨论了光场参数、Kerr介质及相干振幅对平均光子数的影响．

混合态二能级原子双光子过程的粒子数反转特性

本文采用时间演化算符方法和数值计算研究了相干光场与混合态二能级原子双光子过程的粒子数反转特性，结果表明：量子崩塌与复苏性质和原子初始的混合程度无关，但振荡最大幅值受原子初始混合程度的支配，随着原子初始混合程度的增大，原子反转几率减小；在强场作用下，这种量子崩塌与复苏性质，将随着ｎ值的不断增大而重复地出现复苏收缩现象。

叠加激发双模压缩真空态的量子统计特性(英文)

从激发双模压缩真空态 a mb m| ξ〉出发构造了叠加态 | Ψ〉,研究了 | Ψ〉的量子统计特性 .结果表明 :在一定的条件下 ,随着相位差的变化 ,叠加态 | Ψ〉的平均光子数出现类似于Rabi振荡的崩塌与复原现象 ,而且与单个激发双模压缩真空态 a mb m|ξ〉相比 ,在叠加态

叠加激发对相干态的非经典特性(英文)

从激发对相干态出发 ,构造了叠加激发对相干态 ,研究了该叠加态的非经典特性 结果表明 :在一定条件下 ,随着相位的变化 ,叠加态场模的平均光子数呈现类似于拉比振荡的坍塌与复原现象 ,与激发对相干态相比 ,在叠加激发对相干态中亚泊松光子统计特性和Cauchy Schwatz不等式的破坏都得到了增强 。

增加光子位移福克态的量子统计性质

引入了增加光子位移福克态 a+ m| α,n〉,其中 | α,n〉是位移福克态 ,m是整数 .用数值计算的方法研究了这种态的量子统计性质 .结果表明 ,在位移福克态上增加光子后可以使原有的光场呈现较强的压缩 ,并能使光场的亚泊松特性得到明显增强 .