Photon statistics of pulse-pumped four-wave mixing in fiber with weak signal injection

We study the photon statistics of pulse-pumped four-wave mixing in fibers with weak coherent signal injection by measuring the intensity correlation functions of individual signal and idler fields. The experimental results show that the intensity correlation function of individual signal（idler） field g_（s（i））^（2） decreases with the intensity of signal injection. After applying narrow band filter in signal（idler） band, the value of g_（s（i））^（2） decreases from 1.9 ± 0.02（1.9 ± 0.02） to 1.03 ± 0.02（1.05 ± 0.02） when the intensity of signal injection varies from 0 to 120 photons/pulse. The results indicate that the photon statistics changes from Bose–Einstein distribution to Poisson distribution. We calculate the intensity correlation functions by using the multi-mode theory of four-wave mixing in fibers. The theoretical curves well fit the experimental results.Our investigation will be useful for mitigating the crosstalk between quantum and classical channels in a dense wavelength division multiplexing network.

Non-Rayleigh photon statistics of superbunching pseudothermal light

Superbunching pseudothermal light has important applications in studying the second-and higher-order interference of light in quantum optics.Unlike the photon statistics of thermal or pseudothermal light is well understood,the photon statistics of superbunching pseudothermal light has not been studied yet.In this paper,we will employ single-photon detectors to measure the photon statistics of superbunching pseudothermal light and calculate the degree of second-order coherence.It is found that the larger the value of the degree of second-order coherence of superbunching pseudothermal light is,the more the measured photon distribution deviates from the one of thermal or pseudothermal light in the tail part.The results are helpful to understand the physics of two-photon superbunching with classical light.It is suggested that superbunching pseudothermal light can be employed to generate non-Rayleigh temporal speckles.

Direct Measurement of Non-Classical Photon Statistics with a Multi-Pixel Photon Counter

Photon number resolving detectors with high accuracy bring broad applications in long-distance laser ranging, ultrafast spectroscopy, and quantum optics. In this paper, we observed the non-classical photon number distribution directly with a multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC) instead of a classic Hanbury-Brown and Twiss (HBT) system. The detector’s photon-number resolving ability was characterized by quantum detector tomography. To show the quantum feature of the detector, we further plotted the Wigner function, which was obtained corresponding to the positive operator value measure (POVM) elements. Finally, we declared the observation of non-classical photon statistics from a single color center in nanodiamond by using this detector.

Photon counting statistics in single multi-level quantum system

We theoretically study the statistics of photon emission of single multi-level quantum system by employing the generating functions approach developed recently. The generalized decay constants are included in single multi-level quantum system with quasi-degenerated levels in this work although they are normally neglected in the absence of （quasi-）degeneracies in multi-level quantum system within the rotating wave approximation. The quantum beats, the line shapes and the Mandel＇s Q parameters, etc. are studied.

Statistical properties of ideal photons in a two-dimensional dye-filled spherical cap cavity

Within the framework of quantum statistical mechanics,we have proposed an exact analytical solution to the problemof Bose-Einstein condensation(BEC)of harmonically trapped two-dimensional(2D)ideal photons.We utilize this analyticalsolution to investigate the statistical properties of ideal photons in a 2D dye-filled spherical cap cavity.The resultsof numerical calculation of the analytical solution agree completely with the foregoing experimental results in the BEC ofharmonically trapped 2D ideal photons.The analytical expressions of the critical temperature and the condensate fractionare derived in the thermodynamic limit.It is found that the 2D critical photon number is larger than the one-dimensional(1D)critical photon number by two orders of magnitude.The spectral radiance of a 2D spherical cap cavity has a sharppeak at the frequency of the cavity cutoff when the photon number exceeds the critical value determined by a temperature.

Photon statistics measurement by use of single photon detection

The direct measurement of the Mandel para- meter of weak laser pulses, with 10 ns pulse duration time and the mean number of photon per pulsenbeing approxi-mately 0.1, is investigated by recording every photocount event. With the Hanbury Brown and Twiss detection scheme, and not more than one photon per pulse being detected dur-ing the sample time by single-photon counters, we have found that the single mode diode laser with driving current lower than the threshold yields a sub-Poissonian statistics. In addition, when the diode laser driving current is much higher than the threshold, it is validated that the Mandel parameter QC of the Poissonian coherent state is nearly -/2.nThe experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical prediction considering the measurement error.

NOVEL FEATURES IN PHOTON STATISTICS FROM A SINGLE-MODE LASER

Using the quantum electrodynamical theory the photon statistics has been established for a single-mode laser. A general master equation is advanced and, on the basis of the steadystate photon-number distribution, the variation of the Mandel factor with the relative pumping parameter is calculated. Our results show thai photon statistics for a single-mode laser have a novel feature, i.e. the photon-number distribution alternates, in general, between superPoisson distribution and sub-Poisson distribution, and approaches the usual Poisson distribution when the pumping parameter tends to infinite. The dependence of photon statistics on detuning, coupling coefficient, absorption coefficient, thermal mean photon-number and coupling time is discussed.

Photon counting statistics of V-type three-level systems:The effects of the field fluctuations

We investigate the influence of the field fluctuations to the emission photons of V-type three-level systems.The emission intensity I and Mandel＇s Q parameter show stochastic resonance with respect to the pure dephasing constantγp.The amplitude fluctuation of the field causes these systems to lose their coherence.On the other hand,the amplitude fluctuation provides a new interference method for these systems.The quantum beats are shown in the orthogonal system.

Photon statistical properties of the cavity field in the two-atom Jaynes-Cummings model

The model that two two level atoms interact with a singel mode cavity is studied. The exact solution of the time evolution operator for the two atom Jaynes Cummings model is presented by the bare states approach. Furthermore, we investigate the dynamical properties of the photon statistics of the cavity field, and obtain a number of novel features.

Photon statistical properties of photon-added two-mode squeezed coherent states

We investigate photon statistical properties of the multiple-photon-added two-mode squeezed coherent states （PA- TMSCS）. We find that the photon statistical properties are sensitive to the compound phase involved in the TMSCS. Our numerical analyses show that the photon addition can enhance the cross-correlation and anti-bunching effects of the PA- TMSCS. Compared with that of the TMSCS, the photon number distribution of the PA-TMSCS is modulated by a factor that is a monotonically increasing function of the numbers of adding photons to each mode; further, that the photon addition essentially shifts the photon number distribution.

Photon Statistical Properties of Single Terrylene Molecules in P-Terphenyl Crystals

We consider the photon emission statistical properties of a single molecule under pump-probe field driving, using the generating function method. The first- and second-order moments of statistical quantities are presented. Derived from the first-order moment, the line shapes are in good agreement with the experimental results. Derived from the second-order moment, Mandel＇s Q parameters show an obvious quantum effect of photon statistical distribution, i.e., the anti-bunching effect.

Two-Photon Micromaser with Initial Atomic Coherence

We investigate the quantum dynamics of a two-photon micromaser pumped by atoms injected in the superposition state of the upper and intermediate levels. We simulate a master equation governing the system by the Monte Carlo wavefunction approach and analyse the steady-state behaviour as a function of the atomic transit time. The atomic coherence can effectively enhance the intensity and sub-Poissonian of the cavity field as compared with the atomic mixture. It is also discovered that the phase of the cavity field can be shifted by adjusting the detuning between the atom and field. This result shows that it is possible to manipulate the phase of the cavity field by detuning, due to atomic coherence.

Photon pair source via two coupling single quantum emitters

We study the two coupling two-level single molecules driven by an external field as a photon pair source. The probability of emitting two photons, P2, is employed to describe the photon pair source quality in a short time, and the correlation coefficient RAB is employed to describe the photon pair source quality in a long time limit. The results demonstrate that the coupling single quantum emitters can be considered as a stable photon pair source.

Sub-Poissonian photon emission in coupled double quantum dots-cavity system

In this work, we theoretically analyze the few-photon emissions generated in a coupled double quantum dots （CDQDs）-single mode microcavity system, under continuous wave and pulse excitation. Compared with the uncoupled case, strong sub-Poissonian character is achieved in a CDQDs--cavity system at a certain laser frequency. Based on the pro- posed scheme, single photon generation can be obtained separately under QD-cavity resonant condition and off-resonant condition. For different cavity decay rates, we reveal that laser frequency detunings of minimum second-order autocorre- lation function are discrete and can be divided into three regions. Moreover, the non-ideal situation where two QDs are not identical is discussed, indicating the robustness of the proposed scheme, which possesses sub-Poissonian character in a large QD difference variation range.

Dynamical evolution of photon-added thermal state in thermal reservoir

The dynamical behavior of a photon-added thermal state(PATS) in a thermal reservoir is investigated by virtue of Wigner function(WF) and Wigner logarithmic negativity(WLN), where this propagation model is abstracted as an input–output problem in a thermal-loss channel. The density operator of the output optical field at arbitrary time can be expressed in the integration form of the characteristics function of the input optical field. The exact analytical expression of WF is given, which is closely related to the Laguerre polynomial and is dependent on the evolution time and other interaction parameters(related with the initial field and the reservoir). Based on the WLN, we observe the dynamical evolution of the PATS in the thermal reservoir. It is shown that the thermal noise will make the PATS lose the non-Gaussianity.

Maximal entanglement from photon-added nonlinear coherent states via unitary beam splitters

In this paper, we construct photon-added f-deformed coherent states （PAf-DCSs） for nonlinear bosonic fields by discussing Klauder＇s minimal set of conditions required to obtain coherent states. Using this set of nonlinear states, we propose a very useful scheme for generating the maximal amount of entanglement via unitary beam splitters for different strength regimes of the input field α, deformation q and excitation number m. Therefore, the possibility to create highly entangled states and to control the entanglement is proposed. Moreover, the condition for a maximal and separable output beam state is obtained. Finally, we examine the statistical properties of the PAf-DCSs through the Mandel parameter and exploit a connection between this quantity and the behavior variation of the output state entanglement. Our result may open new perspectives in different tasks of quantum information processing.

一种对高速运动目标的单光子测距方法

作为一种前沿的激光探测技术,单光子激光测距技术已成功应用于月球测距、卫星测距和地面测高等领域。然而,单光子测距在机载空对空、地对空平台上对高速运动目标进行跟踪测距时,回波光子落在不同的时间窗,导致直接计数无法有效提取信号的问题仍需解决。针对空对空条件下单光子激光测距的应用需求,基于时间相关光子计数技术设计一种适用于全天时、宽时域、多噪声条件下对高速运动目标的单光子测距方法。该方法采用阵列单光子探测器和相邻时间窗相关统计多帧处理算法提取激光回波光子信号,并在Matlab平台上对算法进行仿真实验,使用多元阵列单光子探测器实现最大测程百公里以上、背景噪声计数率约为5 MHz、单脉冲回波光子计数平均值为1条件下的回波光子信号提取。该方法能够克服传统单光子探测只能对准静态目标测距,只能在小接收视场和小波门范围等弱背景噪声及目标轨迹可预测条件下应用的限制,将单光子探测由只能固定平台夜晚对准静态目标测距推广至通用平台全天时对高速运动目标测距。

星载光子计数激光测距雷达的实时去噪方法

星载光子计数体制激光测距雷达系统具有高重频、高精度等显著优势,但也面临原始数据量大且噪声数据占比过高的问题。为适应星上数据通道的传输能力,需压缩原始数据量并保障信号光子的查全率,因此必须发展以硬件为主体的实时去噪算法。本文提出一种粗精结合的快速去噪算法,首先基于激光器发射脉宽、系统噪声率、目标特性以及接收光子事件的局部密度信息进行粗去噪,剔除部分噪声光子;再利用直方图统计,对保留的光子事件进行精去噪,确定信号光子区间及最终的信号光子及其时间信息。通过蒙特卡洛仿真和ICESat-2实测数据对算法进行验证,测试结果表明,本算法查全率大于94%、查准率大于93%、调和平均值大于94%,运行效率提高了10%。算法可以实现光子事件的快速实时去噪,为星上硬件实时去噪处理提供了理论基础。

基于密度与局部统计的单光子点云去噪方法

针对北京遥测技术研究所自主研发的64通道机载单光子激光雷达,提出一种基于密度与局部统计的二维剖面点云去噪方法:在确定信号点云的高程区间后,先使用基于密度的改进空间聚类算法粗去噪,然后使用基于局部统计的统计移除离群点算法精去噪,获取信号点云。实验结果表明,本方法可适用于多种地物类型点云,高程均方根误差为0.27 m,准确率90.78%,精度高于常规点云去噪算法,满足国产机载单光子激光雷达获取高精度地表三维轮廓的技术需求。

外绝缘异常放电日盲计数探测技术及传感性能测试

绝缘子闪络引起的线路短路跳闸事故高发,对闪络早期的异常放电进行有效检测,能够降低闪络跳闸事故发生率。为此,本文研制了绝缘放电日盲型高灵敏紫外检测装置,对装置原理和技术参数进行了描述,对其日光环境下的响应性能、有效检测距离及检测视场范围进行了综合测试,并基于装置的响应输出特性,提出了基于光脉冲计数的放电相位统计分析方法,并与高频电流相位统计图谱进行了分析对比。本文提出的绝缘放电日盲型高灵敏紫外检测技术为基于无人机的线路外绝缘放电巡检提供了一种新手段。