Frequency bands of negative refraction in finite one-dimensional photonic crystals

We have discussed theoretically the negative refraction in finite one-dimensional （1D） photonic crystals （PCs） composed of alternative layers with high index contrast. The frequency bands of negative refraction are obtained with the help of the photonic band structure, the group velocity and the power transmittance, which are all obtained in analytical expression. There shows negative transverse position shift at the endface when negative refraction occurs, which is analysed in detail.

Existing conditions of full bandgaps and absolute negative refraction in metallic-dielectric photonic crystal

This paper has theoretically studied the characteristic frequencies of band structures in two-dimensional metallic- dielectric photonic crystals. It is demonstrated that a large filling fraction benefits the existence of absolute photonic band gap, while a smaller filling fraction benefits an absolute negative refraction band. In addition, it also finds that the relation between the cut-off frequency of E-polarized wave and the filling fraction exceeding 10% is content with a linear increasing function, whose coefficients are exponential to the normalized lattice constant. These investigations have significant implications for tuning the operational frequencies to desired applications and manufacturing photonic crystals.

Band rules for the frequency spectra of three kinds of aperiodic photonic crystals with negative refractive index materials

By means of the theory of electromagnetic wave propagation and transfer matrix method, this paper investigates the band rules for the frequency spectra of three kinds of one-dimensional （1D） aperiodic photonic crystals （PCs）, generalized Fibonacci GF（p, 1）, GF（1,2）, and Thue Morse （TM） PCs, with negative refractive index （NRI） materials. It is found that all of these PCs can open a broad zero-n gap, TM PC possesses the largest zero-n gap, and with the increase of p, the width of the zero-n gap for GF（p, 1） PC becomes smaller. This characteristic is caused by the symmetry of the system and the open position of the zero-n gap. It is found that for GF（p, 1） PCs, the possible limit zero-n gaps open at lower frequencies with the increase of p, but for GF（1,2） and TM PCs, their limit zero-n gaps open at the same frequency. Additionally, for the tbree bottom-bands, we find the interesting perfect self-similarities of the evolution structures with the increase of generation, and obtain the corresponding subband-number formulae. Based on 11 types of evolving manners Qi （i = 1, 2,... , 11） one can plot out the detailed evolution structures of the three kinds of aperiodic PCs for any generation.

Realization of absolute negative refraction index by a photonic crystal using anisotropic dielectric material

A method to realize absolute negative refraction index -1 with a two-dimensional （2D） photonic crystal is presented by introducing dielectric anisotropy in the photonic crystal material. The band structures of E-polarization mode and H-polarization mode can be adjusted by changing the parameters of materials. Thus the two modes with different polarizations have the same negative refraction index -1 for the same frequency. The results are demonstrated by numerical simulation based on the finite-difference time-domain （FDTD） method.

Controlling the focusing properties of a triangular-lattice metallic photonic-crystal slab：

This paper studies the focusing properties of a two-dimensional photonic crystal （PC） slab consisting of a triangular lattice of metallic cylinders immersed in a dielectric background. Through the analysis of the equifrequency-surface contours and the field patterns of a point source placed in the vicinity of the PC slab, it finds that both the image distance and image quality can be controlled by simply adjusting the refractive index of the background material.

Near-field imaging of a square-lattice metallic photonic-crystal slab at the second band

Imaging properties of a two-dimensional photonic crystal slab lens are investigated through the finite-difference time-domain method. In this paper, we consider the photonic crystal slab consisting of a square lattice of square metallic rods immersed in a dielectric background. Through the analysis of the equifrequency-surface contours and the field patterns of a point source placed in the vicinity of the photonic crystal slab, we find that a good-quality image can form at the frequencies in the second TM-polarized photonic band. Comparing the images forlned at different frequencies, we can clearly see that an excellent-quality image is formed by the mechanisms of simultaneous action of the self-collimation effect and the negative-refraction effect.

A completely open cavity realized with photonic crystal wedges

A completely open cavity, which is formed by three 60-degree wedges of a photonic crystal with negative effective index, is introduced. Such a realizable design for a completely open cavity (i.e., without any reflective wall in the radial direction) is the first of its kind ever been reported. Due to the negative effective refraction index of the photonic crystal and the high transmission at the photonic crystal/air interfaces, a closed path with zero optical path is formed for the resonance. The present open cavity is very suitable for use as a biosensor as it has large air wedges into which a liquid measurand can flow easily.

一维光子晶体的有效折射率及色散特性

对有限长度一维光子晶体引入了复有效折射率的概念 它的实部描述了一维光子晶体的色散特性 ,虚部反映了光在光子禁带被损耗衰减而消失的特征 从具体计算λ/4波片堆组成的一维光子晶体的复有效折射率的结果可以看到 ,它的实部受到光子带结构的调制 ,在光子禁带及透射带中的一部分出现反常色散现象 在很大的频率范围内 ,有效折射率变得小于

一维光子晶体的折射率研究

对于一维光子晶体反常折射的研究大都基于光子晶体的色散关系解析解,文章作者认为,在光线非正入射时上述方法是不适用的,有必要使用更加合适的方法对一维光子晶体的折射规律加以系统研究,从而对一维光子晶体器件的设计起到些指导作用。文章将一维光子晶体作为二维问题来考察,使用数值方法(平面波展开法)来计算光线在光子晶体中沿各个方向传播时的色散关系,进而得到了折射角与入射角和频率的关系。结果表明:对于一维光子晶体,考查在第一能带范围内的频率,当频率越接近能带边,且入射角越接近敏感区时,折射角对入射角和频率的变化越敏感。而且,敏感区随频率的增大有向小角度移动的趋势。

Stopband Phenomena in the Passband of Left-Handed Metamaterials

Stopband phenomena are reported in the passband of left-handed metamaterials. The samples with linear defect are designed by removing one layer of split ring resonators （SRRs）. It is shown that the left-handed transmission peaks have a distinct transform with the relative deviation of the SRRs centre from the wire centre 8, from a single left-handed peak, double left-handed peaks with different magnitude to no transmission peak, i.e. left-handed properties of metamaterials disappear. Numerical simulation shows that the change of 8 makes the effective permeability shift at a frequency range, where stopband occurs. It is thought that the stopband in left-handed passband is due to the symmetry breaking between SRRs and wires in the metamaterials.

光子晶体负折射的计算机仿真研究

在计算机上采用MATLAB编程进行理想透镜和负折射三棱镜的光路仿真,分析光在光子晶体中的成像条件,重点计算一种典型的二维光子晶体:负折射三棱镜光子晶体的色散特性。结果发现,光子晶体负折射成像的条件是晶体两侧的折射率与晶体折射率必须绝对值相等,晶体的厚度必须大于光源到晶体的距离;光线在进入负折射率光子晶体三棱镜时,会存在一个最大偏向角,负折射三棱镜光子晶体可以通过调节光子晶体的结构参数来改变其色散特性。因此,在实际应用中可以利用光子晶体的色散特性,通过调节相关的结构参数来对分光仪和波分复用/解复用器等光学器件进行相关的性能优化。

一维光子晶体研究简介

介绍了一维光子晶体的基本概念、特性,系统综述了对一维光子晶体的研究现状和应用前景。

胶体铁磁流体的光子特性研究(英文)

这篇综述回顾了我们近年来在铁磁流体方面的一些研究工作。铁磁流体是一种纳米铁磁颗粒或亚铁磁颗粒悬浮在基液(如:水或煤油)中形成的悬浮液。铁磁流体之所以受到广泛关注,是因为它们在许多方面都有着潜在应用,例如在机械工程和生物医学等领域。在此综述中,我们首先介绍了铁磁流体的场感应各向异性结构,然后,介绍了几种铁磁流体基软物质材料的光学性质,即:光学负折射、磁控光子带隙和非线性光学响应。我们采用的研究方法主要是分子动力学模拟,有效媒质近似和有限元模拟。

Multiple super-resolution imaging in the second band of gradient lattice spacing photonic crystal flat lens

Based on the triangular lattice two-dimensional photonic crystal(PC), the lattice spacing along the transverse direction to propagation is altered, and a gradient PC(GPC) flat lens is designed. The band structures and equal frequency curves of the GPC are calculated;then, the imaging mechanism and feasibility are analyzed. The imaging characteristics of the GPC flat lens are investigated. It is observed that the GPC can achieve multiple types of super-resolution imaging for the point source. This GPC lens is allowed to be applied to imaging and other fields such as filtering and sensing.

Engineering the near-field imaging of a rectangular-lattice photonic-crystal slab in the second band

Imaging properties of a two-dimensional rectangular-lattice photonic crystal (PC) slab consisting of air holes immersed in a dielectric are studied in this work. The field patterns of electromagnetic waves radiated from a point source through the PC slab are calculated with the finite-difference time-domain method. Comparing the field patterns with the corresponding equifrequency-surface contours simulated by the plane-wave expansion method, we find that an excellent-quality near-field image may be formed through the PC slab by the mechanisms of the simultaneous action of the self-collimation effect and the negative-refraction effect. Near-field imaging may be obtained within two different frequency regions in two vertical directions of the PC slab.

Analysis of band gap of non-bravais lattice photonic crystal fiber

This article designs a novel type of non-bravais lattice photonic crystal fiber.To form the nesting complexperiod with positive and negative refractive index materials respectively,a cylinder with the same radius and negative refractive index is introduced into the center of each lattice unit cell in the traditional square lattice air-holes photonic crystal fiber.The photonic band-gap of the photonic crystal fiber is calculated numerically by the plane wave expansion method.The result shows that compared with the traditional square photonic band-gap fiber(PBGF),when R=Λis 0.35,the refractive index of the substrate,airhole,and medium-column are 1.30,1.0,and–1:0,respectively.This new PBGF can transmit signal by the photonic band-gap effect.When the lattice constantΛvaries from 1:5μm to 3:0μm,the range of the wavelength ranges from 880 nm to 2300 nm.

光子晶体中的反常折射现象

本文介绍了光子晶体中反常折射现象研究的最新实验和理论进展 ,并探讨一维光子晶体中的反常折射现象。

二维光子晶体负折射率的数值分析

为了研究光子晶体负折射率所在的频率范围,基于有限元算法分析数值来求解二维光子晶体的带隙结构,这一过程涉及如何设计数学和物理模型,设计有限元算法的求解方程,对数值结果进行物理分析。首先使用有限元算法将布里渊区域内所有相关频率上波矢空间中的点都计算出来以绘制等频率面,然后绘制不同空气孔半径下的等频率面,最后在等频率面的结构上找到群速度为负的方向就能得到负折射率所在的频率区间。同时,比较不同空气孔半径对光子晶体负折射所在频率区间的影响,可为光子晶体器件的制备提供支撑。