Molecular mechanism and research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of prostate cancer

Prostate cancer(PCa)is one of the most common malignant tumors in the male genitourinary system,ranking second in incidence worldwide.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),as an important component of complementary and alternative medicine,shows unique advantages in cancer treatment.Chinese herbal medicine is usually composed of multiple ingredients and involves multiple signaling pathways,which showed function of inducing apoptosis of cancer cells,arresting the cell cycle,inhibiting invasion and metastasis,reducing drug resistance,and regulating immune function.Physical therapy is also an important treatment of TCM.Currently,Physical therapy such as acupuncture or Tai Chi and Qigong are gaining increased recognition in the management of PCa,particularly in addressing issues like urinary incontinence and bone metastasis-related pain.This article reviews the TCM treatment and therapy of PCa,in order to provide new research avenues and treatment options for the treatment of PCa with TCM and improve the quality of life of patients.

An exploration of the origin and flow of the development of traditional Chinese medicine orthopedic and chiropractic massage

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)chiropractic massage is a kind of orthopedic therapy that corrects the abnormal anatomical position of bone or joint and corrects the dislocation of joint by manipulation so that the bone is soft and the Qi and blood are reconciled(Qi:The intangible,high-mobility nutritive substance that maintains vital activities).Manipulation treatment is the first of the four major orthopedic diseases.At the same time,TCM chiropractic massage is also an essential part of TCM.TCM orthopedic chiropractic practice originated from the struggle between humanity and nature,sprouted from the Warring States period to the two Han Dynasty,formed in the Sui,Tang,and Song Dynasties,matured in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and flourished in the modern era.In more than 2,000 years of development,many practical techniques have been produced,which have profoundly influenced the inheritance and development of modern techniques,making the TCM orthopedic chiropractic massage in the contemporary era form the characteristics of“tendon and bone”and“point-line-face combination”.At present,the development of TCM chiropractic massage is facing the great challenges of modern medicine and modern advanced science and technology such as American chiropractic and the limitations of its development.Therefore,in the future,the development direction of Chinese medicine orthopedic chiropractic massage should be“hybrid to treat”.In the face of modern medicine,we should take its essence to its dross,eclectic,organically integrate its advantages into itself,enrich its theoretical framework,and strengthen the construction of disciplines and departments to enhance its competitiveness.It is believed that Chinese medicine orthopedic chiropractic massage can have better development in the future and can make more contributions to the health of the world’s people.

Study on the Control Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicine Regulator on Leaf Spot Nematode Disease of Chloranthus spicatus

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the control of Chinese herbal medicine regulators on leaf spot nematode disease,the main pest of Chloranthus spicatus(Thunb.)Makino.[Methods]C.spicatus plants infected with nematodes were irrigated with a Chinese herbal medicine regulator at two different concentrations,and the control effect on leaf spot nematode disease of the plant was studied by measuring the number of nematodes,the contents of chlorophyll,malondialdehyde,soluble sugar and free proline in the leaves of the plants in the soil.[Results]Compared with the control,the two concentrations of Chinese herbal medicine regulator significantly reduced the number of nematodes in the soil,increased the contents of chlorophyll(mainly chlorophyll a),soluble sugar and free proline in the leaves of C.spicatus,and decreased the content of malondialdehyde.It indicated that the Chinese herbal medicine regulator could effectively control the spread of nematodes and had certain effect on the recovery of C.spicatus plants.[Conclusions]The use of Chinese herbal medicine regulators is helpful to curb the occurrence of leaf spot nematode disease in C.spicatus by biological prevention and control means,and provides theoretical guidance for the development of the green industry of C.spicatus.

A meta-analysis of Chinese herbal medicines for vascular dementia

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicines in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia. DATA RETRIEVAL： We retrieved publications from Cochrane Library （2004 to July 2011）, PubMed （1966 to July 2011）, the Chinese Science and Technique Journals Database （1977 to July 2011）, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure （1979 to July 2011）, Google Scholar （July 2011）, and the Chinese Biomedical Database （1977 to July 2011） using the key words ＂Chinese medicine OR Chinese herbal medicine＂ and ＂vascular dementia OR mild cognition impair OR multi-infarct dementia OR small-vessel dementia OR strategic infarct dementia OR hypoperfusion dementia OR hemorrhagic dementia OR hereditary vascular dementia＂. SELECTION CRITERIA： Randomized controlled trials comparing Chinese herbal medicines with placebo/western medicine in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia were included. Diagnostic standards included Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV, and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and Association Internationale pour la Recherche et I＇Enseignement en Neurosciences. Two participants independently conducted literature screening, quality evaluation and data extraction. The quality of each trial was assessed according to the Cochrane Reviewers＇ Handbook 5.0. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Effective rate, Mini-Mental State Examination scores, Hasegawa Dementia Scale scores, and incidence of adverse reactions. RESULTS： We identified 1 143 articles discussing the effects of Chinese medicine on vascular dementia. Thirty-one of these were included in the analysis. These studies involved a total of 2 868 participants （1 605 patients took Chinese medicine decoctions （treatment group）; 1 263 patients took western medicine or placebo）. The results of our meta-analysis revealed that Chinese herbal remedies in the treatment group were more efficacious than the control intervention （relative risk （RR） = 1.27; 95% confidence interval （C/）： 1.18-1.38, P 〈 0.01）. Mini-Mental State Examination scores were higher in patients taking Chinese herbal medicines than in those in the control group （weighted mean difference （WMD） = 2.83; 95%CI： 2.55-3.12, P 〈 0.01）. Patients in the treatment group showed better disease amelioration than those in the control group （Hasegawa Dementia Scale scores; WMD = 2.41, 95%CI： 1.48-3.34, P 〈 0.01）. There were also considerably fewer adverse reactions among those in the treatment group compared with those in the control group （RR = 0.20, 95%CI： 0.08-0.47, P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Chinese herbal medicine appears to be safer and more effective than control measures in the treatment of vascular dementia. However, the included trials were generally low in quality. More well-designed, high-quality trials are needed to provide better evidence for the assessment of the efficacy and safety of Chinese medicines for vascular dementia.

Systematic Evaluation of Pharmacognostic Identification of Polygonum capitatum

[Objectives] To investigate the systematic evaluation of pharmacognostic identification of Polygonum capitatum . [Methods] 10 batches of P. capitatum cultivated in Guizhou were chosen for plant samples. Macroscopical identification was conducted on plant roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits. The P. capitatum powder was processed for physical and chemical distinction by FeCl 3 chromogenic reaction, hydrochloric acid magnesium powder reaction, AlCl 3 color development reaction and thin-layer chromatography.Microscope identification was carried out on the powder. Plant genome DNeasy Plant Kit was adopted for DNA molecular marker identification. [Results] The results showed that the stem of P. capitatum was tufted, the leaves were oval, 2 to 5 cm long, and 1 to 2 cm wide;the leaf apex was acute and cuneate at the base, the inflorescence was capitate, paired or solitary;the raceme was erect and nearly spherical, and the perianth was light red. Furthermore, for the chromogenic reaction of FeCl 3 ethanol extract of P. capitatum , appeared blue and turned to dark blue after long time storing at room temperature. For the reaction of hydrochloric acid magnesium powder, the alcohol extract of P. capitatum , exhibited deep red. In the color reaction of AlCl 3, the alcohol extract revealed yellow fluorescence under 360 nm UV lamp. Microscope identification of the powder displayed pollen grains, crystal sheath fibers, cellulose, vessels, starch grains, cork cells, and other characteristic fragments. In addition, DNA barcoding electrophoresis results showed that P. capitatum showed a clear and bright single band near 500 bp, and further sequencing results showed that the sequence differences were mainly concentrated in ITS1 and ITS2 region. [Conclusions] Systematic evaluation for the identification of P. capitatum is established, which combines with macroscopic identification, physicochemical identification, powder microscope identification, and DNA molecular identification. Finally, the original medicinal material is identified as P. capitatum Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don.

Quantum theory-based physical model of the human body in TCM

In the study,a quantum resonant cavity model based on wave-particle duality was proposed for the explanation of the dynamic processes of essence,vigor,and spirit in the human body in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).It is assumed that there is a macro human order parameter(wave function),and its dynamics are governed by a macro potential field reflecting influences from heaven,earth,and society,and satisfy the generalized Schrodinger equation.This proposed model was applied in the study to interpret basic concepts of human body in TCM,with an aim to unfold the TCM development in the future.

Rhizosphere microbial markers (micro-markers): A new physical examination indicator for traditional Chinese medicines

Rhizosphere microorganisms,as one of the most important components of the soil microbiota and plant holobiont,play a key role in the medicinal plant-soil ecosystem,which are closely related to the growth,adaptability,nutrient absorption,stress tolerance and pathogen resistance of host plants.In recent years,with the wide application of molecular biology and omics technologies,the outcomes of rhizosphere microorganisms on the health,biomass production and secondary metabolite biosynthesis of medicinal plants have received extensive attention.However,whether or to what extent rhizosphere microorganisms can contribute to the construction of the quality evaluation system of Chinese medicinal materials is still elusive.Based on the significant role of rhizosphere microbes in the survival and quality formation of medicinal plants,this paper proposed a new concept of rhizosphere microbial markers(micro-markers),expounded the relevant research methods and ideas of applying the new concept,highlighted the importance of micro-markers in the quality evaluation and control system of traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs),and introduced the potential value in soil environmental assessment,plant pest control and quality assessment of TCMs.It provides reference for developing ecological planting of TCMs and ensuring the production of high quality TCMs by regulating rhizosphere microbial communities.

不稳定型心绞痛中医证型客观化的研究进展

不稳定型心绞痛是冠心病的一种类型,中医证型种类较多。目前,临床针对不稳定型心绞痛的辨证分型尚缺乏明确的客观指标支撑。该文通过梳理和分析现有文献,探讨临床客观指标在不稳定型心绞痛证型中的应用现状及其关系,以期使不稳定型心绞痛中医证型更加客观化和规范化,提高不稳定型心绞痛中医辨证论治水平,推动不稳定型心绞痛的中西医结合发展。

Physical and mental health conditions of young college students with different Traditional Chinese Medicine constitutions in Zhejiang Province of China

OBJECTIVE: To investigate Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) constitutions of youths in colleges,and their physical and mental health conditions of different TCM constitutions, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the TCM way to improve young people's physical and mental health.METHODS: The Standard TCM Constitutions' Classification and Determination Questionnaire was used to measure the body health condition, and the Symptom Checklist 90 Questionnaire and the Questionnaire of the National Student Physical Health Standards were used to determine mental and physical health conditions respectively in 1421 young participants validly answering the questionnaires in Zhejiang Province.RESULTS: The participants had a mean age of 19.96years(SD = 0.95 years) with the majority of females(55.10%). One fourth of the 1421 participants were the Ping-he constitution and others were the tendency constitutions. Participants with Ping-he module(which has characteristics of moderate posture,rosy, energetic and is a healthy condition in TCM)were healthier than those with tendency constitutions in physical and mental health, with 65.81 ±7.83(men) and 77.99 ± 7.24(women) scores in the physical test and around 1.25 scores in the mental health test. College students with combined biased constitutions were more likely suffer force, sensitive, depression and anxiety.CONCLUSION: Most of college students have a tendency or biased constitution which could be more likely to suffer suboptimal health status and diseases. Youths in college themselves and health providers should pay more attention to their potential health issues and make proper healthcare plan according to their own TCM constitution.

Evidence-based Practice of Chinese Medicine in Physical Rehabilitation Science

Chinese medicine is among other traditional medical systems practiced either as a coadjutant intervention to Greek medicine or as the unique therapeutic intervention for illness prevention, treatment or rehabilitation. The complete spectrum from that traditional system includes acupuncture and moxibustion, herbal and food therapy, massage therapy （tuina）, physical exercises （taijiquan）, and breathing exercises （qigong）. In this article, it is presented several randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews on the application of all therapeutic modalities from Chinese medicine in the physical rehabilitation scenario. The discussed studies encompasses both ＂positive＂ and ＂negative＂ results of Chinese medicine intervention for disabilities due to illnesses of the nervous, musculoskeletal or cardiovascular systems. Additionally, the importance of the personalized approach for Chinese medicineand rehabilitation is emphasized together with the need for reproducible methods for pattern differentiation and intervention selection. Chinese medicine resources are recognized as promising methods for therapeutic rehabilitation and can be incorporated into the rehabilitation science. The wide variety of therapeutic resources explains why Chinese medicine is currently a multidisciplinary practice for health protection and promotion, early diagnosis and treatment as well as rehabilitation with roles in the public health care system.

Data-driven based four examinations in TCM:a survey

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)diagnosis is a unique disease diagnosis method with thousands of years of TCM theory and effective experience.Its thinking mode in the process is different from that of modern medicine,which includes the essence of TCM theory.From the perspective of clinical application,the four diagnostic methods of TCM,including inspection,auscultation and olfaction,inquiry,and palpation,have been widely accepted by TCM practitioners worldwide.With the rise of artificial intelligence(AI)over the past decades,AI based TCM diagnosis has also grown rapidly,marked by the emerging of a large number of data-driven deep learning models.In this paper,our aim is to simply but systematically review the development of the data-driven technologies applied to the four diagnostic approaches,i.e.the four examinations,in TCM,including data sets,digital signal acquisition devices,and learning based computational algorithms,to better analyze the development of AI-based TCM diagnosis,and provide references for new research and its applications in TCM settings in the future.

Scrotal strangulation in the differential diagnosis of acute scrotum:A case report

BACKGROUND Acute scrotal pain and swelling are common presentations in the emergency department.Urgent surgical intervention is justified in up to one-third of cases,whereas two-thirds of them should be treated conservatively.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of scrotal only strangulation in a child and review the available literature.CONCLUSION Due to its rarity,scrotal strangulation can be a diagnostic challenge.Skin ulceration and edema may well indicate the presence of a strangulation object.A high index of suspicion and appropriate physical examination,especially in patients with a mental disability or behavioral disorder,are key to early diagnosis and treatment.

中医医院新入职本科护士培训考核评价指标的构建

目的 构建中医医院新入职本科护士培训考核评价指标。方法 通过文献研究、小组讨论,建立中医医院新入职本科护士培训考核评价指标初稿,选取来自7个省份的中华护理学会中医中西医结合护理分会的15名专家进行2轮专家咨询,确定考核评价内容及其权重。结果 2轮专家函询问卷的有效回收率均为100%,专家权威系数分别是0.962、0.980,肯德尔协调系数分别是0.220、0.268(均P<0.05),最终形成的中医医院新入职本科护士培训考核评价指标包括5项一级指标、24项二级指标和77项三级指标。结论 构建的中医医院新入职本科护士培训考核评价指标具有较高的可靠性和科学性,可为中医医院管理者及培训者选拔人才提供参考。

基于中医执业医师分阶段考试的中医学专业成绩分析与策略研究

[目的]总结和分析浙江中医药大学中医学专业学生的培养质量和存在问题,为中医药院校提高教学质量和学生临床知识及技能提供参考。[方法]以该校2018至2020年参加中医执业医师分阶段考试(第一阶段)实证研究的中医学专业学生为研究对象,采用方差分析和χ^(2)检验进行数据分析,比较分阶段考试成绩与在校学习成绩的相关性、考试通过率、掌握率。[结果]分阶段考试成绩能够较好地反映学生在校学习成绩情况,理论考试平均通过率为68.64%,技能考试平均通过率95.27%。理论考试平均总掌握率为65.06%,其中西医(基础医学类)55.57%、西医(临床医学类)52.12%,与理论考试总掌握率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);技能考试总掌握率为76.57%,第3~4站(体格检查)的平均掌握率分别为71.24%、72.24%。可以通过制定考试激励机制来提高学生考试内驱力,通过强化西医课程培训来提升理论考试通过率,通过反复临床技能训练来补齐技能考核的短板等改进措施和策略,从而提高学生的临床知识和技能,可为中医药院校提高教学质量作参考。[结论]中医药院校可以通过制定考试激励机制、强化西医课程培训、反复临床技能训练来提高学生的临床知识和技能,从而提高中医学专业学生的培养质量。

基于中医运动养生文化的高等中医药院校体育教学实践探究

中医运动养生作为中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分,蕴含着丰富的中医养生思想及运动养生方法,对促进学生身心健康、推进中医药文化传承创新发展具有重要意义。本文基于高等中医药院校体育教学中普遍忽视中医药文化传承、缺乏对健康知识的有效引导以及难以满足学生个性化运动需求等问题的基础上,对中医运动养生文化融入高等中医药院校体育教学的实践意义进行探析,并结合具体案例,提出中医运动养生融入高等中医药院校体育教学的具体策略,以期为高等中医药院校体育教学改革提供有益的参考和借鉴。

OSCE在中医心病科住院医师规范化培训教学中的应用

目的分析客观结构化临床考试(Objective Structured Clinical Examination,OSCE)在中医心病科(心血管内科)住院医师规范化培训(住培)教学应用的效果与价值。方法选取2022年4月—2023年4月在武汉市中医医院进行住培的学生60名,采用随机数字表法分成观察组(30名,采取OSCE考核模式教学)和对照组(30名,采取常规考核模式教学)。比较两组教学效果。结果观察组汇报病史(14.43±0.94)分、理论知识考核(14.17±1.09)分、临床技能考核(22.30±1.09)分、病收集及体格检查(25.70±1.47)分、临床病历书写及分析(14.23±1.30)分、临床临床能力考核总成绩(90.30±4.34)分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=1.472、0.913、2.686、2.630、2.129、2.694,P均<0.05)。观察组自我导向学习评定得分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论中医心血管内科住院医师规范化培训教学中借助OSCE考核,还可以让学生更好掌握专业知识、临床技能,提高分析、处理临床问题的能力,增加住培生对中医住培教学主观能动性。

香港地区中医执业资格考试之现况与改革建议

目前国家把中医药传承发展需要的中医临床合格人才作为中医执业资格考试的目的。通过香港地区、内地(大陆)与台湾地区三地执业资格考试现况的比较,从中医发展现况、国家中医人才需求及本地中医业界意见等入手探讨香港地区的中医执业资格考试制度。结论是因目前所需的中医人才在中医思维、经典与临床实践能力都有较高的要求,故执业资格考试亟需在目的、内容、方式、参加资格与课程要求等方面做相应改革,并结合有系统的中医人才培训计划及资历架构以提升中医专业素质,另建议设立“香港中医专业学院”以进行执业资格考试的相关改革事宜。

造血干细胞移植患者中医序贯式运动方案的构建及应用

目的探讨中医序贯式运动方案对造血干细胞移植患者的康复效果。方法干预小组基于循证方法学,构建造血干细胞移植患者序贯式中医运动方案。选取44例患者作为研究对象,将患者随机分为干预组和对照组各22例。对照组实施常规造血干细胞移植运动康复方案,干预组在此基础上实施序贯式中医运动康复方案。比较两组不同时间简易体能状况、疲劳严重程度、身体质量指数、改良Barthel指数和运动康复过程中不良事件发生率、运动康复依从性。结果移植后14 d、28 d,干预组体能状况、疲劳严重程度、改良Barthel指数和运动康复依从性评分显著优于对照组(均P<0.05),均未发生运动相关不良事件。结论对造血干细胞移植患者实施中医序惯运动方案可行和安全,可提高造血干细胞移植患者运动能力,促进康复。

中医体质辨识“治未病”社区智慧健康管理平台的构建与应用

目的探讨构建中医体质辨识“治未病”社区智慧健康管理平台,为社区居民健康管理方式提供参考。方法搭建平台,并在社区中使用,通过平台使用数据对应用效果进行评价。结果2023年5—12月,利用平台共完成1187名社区居民体质调研,其中偏颇体质81.2%,平和质18.8%;平和质男性占比高于女性,阳虚质、气虚质、血瘀质、阴虚质及气郁质女性高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。完成356名居民健康管理需求调研,居民获得健康信息的最主要方式为手机服务(73.0%),最有效预防疾病的方法为多运动(78.9%)及关注体质健康(61.2%)。结论平台运行良好,社区居民接受体质健康管理需求度高。居民偏颇体质比例高。平台可为社区居民健康管理提供参考。

中国古代医学教育与考试制度概述

我国是世界上最早实行医学教育和考试制度的国家,医学教育起源南朝刘宋时期,考试制度则源于西周,二者基于政治、思想和经济等因素的影响,不断推动中医药事业进步。研究中国古代医学教育与考试制度,总结其中的经验,寻绎其中的规律,是中国医学史研究的一个重要内容,对于我们把握中国医学教育与考试的特色与规律、更好地继承与发展中医学、培养中医学人才,具有重要的现实意义。该文主要概括中国各朝代的医学教育和考试制度,尽力发掘与勾勒我国古代医学教育与考试制度在不同时代的特点、意义及其发展、演变的规律,对于指导中医药院校的教学、培育和选取优秀中医药人才具有重要意义。