Colony formation of cyanobacteria is crucial for the formation of surface blooms in lakes.However,the underlying mechanisms of colony formation involving in physiological and cell surface characteristics remain to not...Colony formation of cyanobacteria is crucial for the formation of surface blooms in lakes.However,the underlying mechanisms of colony formation involving in physiological and cell surface characteristics remain to not well be established.Six cyanobacterial Microcystis strains(including both unicellular and colonial ones)were employed to estimate the influences of their physiological traits and the composition of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)on colony or aggregate formation.Results show that raising the number of the photosynthetic reaction center and light-harvesting antenna in the PSII and reducing the growth rate were the major physiological strategies of Microcystis to produce excess EPS enhancing colony formation.Tightly bound EPS(T-EPS)was responsible for colony formation,which approximately accounted for 50%of the total amount of EPS.Five fluorescent components(protein-,tryptophan-,and tyrosine-like components and two humic-like components)were found in the T-EPS,although the amounts of these components varied with strains.Importantly,colonial strains contained much higher tyrosine-like substances than unicellular ones.We suggest that tyrosine-like substances might serve as a crosslinking agent to connect other polymers in EPS(e.g.,proteins or polysaccharides)for colony formation.Our findings identified key physiological traits and chemical components of EPS for colony formation in Microcystis,which can contribute to a better understanding on the formation of Microcystis blooms.展开更多
Serum bio-chemical and haematological indices constitute important panels in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of livestock diseases via the investigations of myriads of parameters influencing these blood and ser...Serum bio-chemical and haematological indices constitute important panels in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of livestock diseases via the investigations of myriads of parameters influencing these blood and serum bio-chemical indices. Serum bio-chemical indices, haematological indices and blood electrolytes are critical physiological indices which have health implications on the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of livestock diseases especially in animals bred under different management systems. It is important to stress that cascades of parameters of both genetic and non-genetic origin greatly have direct and in-direct health implications on serum bio-chemical indices and blood electrolytes in livestock animals and subsequently on their health/ production performances. Laboratory blood tests would be a vital tool to help detect any deviation from normal state of wellbeing in animals. Therefore, this review intends to provide base line information to establish certain haematological and serum bio-chemical indices as standard references which can be employed as alternative therapy for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cascades of diseases plaguing livestock animals bred under different management systems especially under the harsh condition of the tropics. Hence, it is important to establish standard values for the various blood and serum bio-chemical indices base on parameters of non-genetic origin;age, sex, physiological state, stress level, management systems, medication, health status, nutrition, hormone, climate, etc. and genetic parameters which include the breed and genotype of the animal among others obviously affect the blood and serum profile of healthy animal which subsequently influence their production performance and efficiency.展开更多
目的为了探讨针刺足阳明经穴对胃运动的调整作用是否与脑肠肽有关。方法 60只大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、针剌四白组、天枢组、足三里组、非穴组,以乙醇灌胃造成大鼠胃粘膜损伤模型,气囊法测量胃运动频率和波幅的变化率,采用放免...目的为了探讨针刺足阳明经穴对胃运动的调整作用是否与脑肠肽有关。方法 60只大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、针剌四白组、天枢组、足三里组、非穴组,以乙醇灌胃造成大鼠胃粘膜损伤模型,气囊法测量胃运动频率和波幅的变化率,采用放免分析法(RIA)检测大鼠胃窦及延髓内SP,MTT含量。结果模型组胃运动频率和波幅呈抑制状态,其胃运动频率和波幅的变化率(％)与对照组比较出现显著差异(-4.7±10.3vs-19.4±17.2.P<0.05;1.8±14.1 vs -51.6±29.0,P<0.01),针剌四白、天枢、足三里穴使胃运动恢复,其波幅(％)较模型组比较分别为-6.5±23.3,1.5±20.1,6.9±25.2vs-51.6±29.0,P<0.01)。针剌非穴组与对照组比较则末出现明显差异。与此同时胃窦、延髓内SP,MTL含量出现相应变化,模型组胃窦SP含量(pg·ML^(-1))低于对照组(41±11vs56±13,P<0.05),针剌天枢、足三里后胃窦SP含量较模型组明显升高(58±13和61±13vs41±11,P<0.05)。模型组延髓SP含量高于正常组,针剌组则均低于模型组。模型组胃窦、延髓内MTL含量(Pg·mL^(-1))均低于对照组,针剌足三里其延髓MTL含量明显高于模型组(59±10vs47±13,P<0.05).三穴比较针剌四白穴主要影响胃窦MTL含量,针刺天枢主要影响胃窦SP含量变化,针剌足三里穴既使胃窦SP升高又使延髓MTL含量升高。结论针剌足阳明经对胃运动的调整作用有脑肠肽参与,但上述三穴对胃运动的影响所涉及的脑肠肽不完全一致。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32071569)the Scientific Instruments and Equipment Development Project+2 种基金Chinese Academy of Sciences,2020(No.YJKYYQ20200048)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.B210202010)the China Postdoctoral Foundation(No.2020M681472)。
文摘Colony formation of cyanobacteria is crucial for the formation of surface blooms in lakes.However,the underlying mechanisms of colony formation involving in physiological and cell surface characteristics remain to not well be established.Six cyanobacterial Microcystis strains(including both unicellular and colonial ones)were employed to estimate the influences of their physiological traits and the composition of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)on colony or aggregate formation.Results show that raising the number of the photosynthetic reaction center and light-harvesting antenna in the PSII and reducing the growth rate were the major physiological strategies of Microcystis to produce excess EPS enhancing colony formation.Tightly bound EPS(T-EPS)was responsible for colony formation,which approximately accounted for 50%of the total amount of EPS.Five fluorescent components(protein-,tryptophan-,and tyrosine-like components and two humic-like components)were found in the T-EPS,although the amounts of these components varied with strains.Importantly,colonial strains contained much higher tyrosine-like substances than unicellular ones.We suggest that tyrosine-like substances might serve as a crosslinking agent to connect other polymers in EPS(e.g.,proteins or polysaccharides)for colony formation.Our findings identified key physiological traits and chemical components of EPS for colony formation in Microcystis,which can contribute to a better understanding on the formation of Microcystis blooms.
文摘Serum bio-chemical and haematological indices constitute important panels in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of livestock diseases via the investigations of myriads of parameters influencing these blood and serum bio-chemical indices. Serum bio-chemical indices, haematological indices and blood electrolytes are critical physiological indices which have health implications on the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of livestock diseases especially in animals bred under different management systems. It is important to stress that cascades of parameters of both genetic and non-genetic origin greatly have direct and in-direct health implications on serum bio-chemical indices and blood electrolytes in livestock animals and subsequently on their health/ production performances. Laboratory blood tests would be a vital tool to help detect any deviation from normal state of wellbeing in animals. Therefore, this review intends to provide base line information to establish certain haematological and serum bio-chemical indices as standard references which can be employed as alternative therapy for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cascades of diseases plaguing livestock animals bred under different management systems especially under the harsh condition of the tropics. Hence, it is important to establish standard values for the various blood and serum bio-chemical indices base on parameters of non-genetic origin;age, sex, physiological state, stress level, management systems, medication, health status, nutrition, hormone, climate, etc. and genetic parameters which include the breed and genotype of the animal among others obviously affect the blood and serum profile of healthy animal which subsequently influence their production performance and efficiency.
文摘目的为了探讨针刺足阳明经穴对胃运动的调整作用是否与脑肠肽有关。方法 60只大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、针剌四白组、天枢组、足三里组、非穴组,以乙醇灌胃造成大鼠胃粘膜损伤模型,气囊法测量胃运动频率和波幅的变化率,采用放免分析法(RIA)检测大鼠胃窦及延髓内SP,MTT含量。结果模型组胃运动频率和波幅呈抑制状态,其胃运动频率和波幅的变化率(％)与对照组比较出现显著差异(-4.7±10.3vs-19.4±17.2.P<0.05;1.8±14.1 vs -51.6±29.0,P<0.01),针剌四白、天枢、足三里穴使胃运动恢复,其波幅(％)较模型组比较分别为-6.5±23.3,1.5±20.1,6.9±25.2vs-51.6±29.0,P<0.01)。针剌非穴组与对照组比较则末出现明显差异。与此同时胃窦、延髓内SP,MTL含量出现相应变化,模型组胃窦SP含量(pg·ML^(-1))低于对照组(41±11vs56±13,P<0.05),针剌天枢、足三里后胃窦SP含量较模型组明显升高(58±13和61±13vs41±11,P<0.05)。模型组延髓SP含量高于正常组,针剌组则均低于模型组。模型组胃窦、延髓内MTL含量(Pg·mL^(-1))均低于对照组,针剌足三里其延髓MTL含量明显高于模型组(59±10vs47±13,P<0.05).三穴比较针剌四白穴主要影响胃窦MTL含量,针刺天枢主要影响胃窦SP含量变化,针剌足三里穴既使胃窦SP升高又使延髓MTL含量升高。结论针剌足阳明经对胃运动的调整作用有脑肠肽参与,但上述三穴对胃运动的影响所涉及的脑肠肽不完全一致。
