利用细胞和组织培养技术研究水稻抗稻瘟病机制

利用组织培养技术建立了水稻悬浮细胞和愈伤组织培养体系。用木聚糖酶激发子处理水稻悬浮细胞,引起细胞内过氧化氢和超氧阴离子含量迅速升高。木聚糖酶和稻瘟病菌提取物处理水稻悬浮细胞1 h后,编码几丁质酶的基因Cht-1表达明显增加,而编码病程相关蛋白的PR10基因没有表达,但处理12 h,后者表达明显增加。用稻瘟病菌提取物和激发子木聚糖酶处理水稻悬浮细胞,均诱导水稻细胞合成樱花素——专抗稻瘟病的抗毒素。若用它们处理水稻愈伤组织,则引起组织褐化、生长量降低、密度下降。初步结果表明:水稻悬浮细胞和愈伤组织是研究水稻抗稻瘟病机制方便、合适的实验材料。

A transgenic wheat with a stilbene synthase gene resistant to powdery mildew obtained by biolistic method

Stilbene, a kind of phytoalexin, plays an important role in resistance to fungal and bacterial infection in plants. It strongly inhibits the growth of fungi and sprout of spore. Stilbene synthase gene (Vst1) obtained from grapevine has been transferred into common spring wheat Jinghong 5 by using the biolistic transformation method. Five transgenic plants (T0) were obtained from the bombarded 2014 immature embryos. One immune plantlet and 3 plantlets with mid-resistance to powdery mildew were identified from the transgenic plants of T3 generation which came from 2 T0 transgenic plants.