CONSULTATIVE RECOMMENDATIONS ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN KARST AND ROCK-NAKED MOUNTAIN AREAS OF SOUTHWEST CHINA

The serious degradation of the ecological environment and the rapid expansion of stone desert have had a serious effect on the economic development of karst and rock-naked mountain areas in Southwest China. Moreover, these areas are still at the initial stage of industrialization, characterized by a greater significance of agriculture to the economy, face sharp contradictions among the population, the arable land and resources, and are suffering because of a shortage of investment. On the basis of this current situation, three recommendations are made in this article: "coordinating the relations among grain, ecology, population and economic development", "increasing the input of science and technology", and "adopting policies consistent with social equity in areas of poverty".

Problems in Development of Rural E- commerce and Logistics and Recommendations

Rural e-commerce and logistics development is of great significance to promote rural economic development and increase farmers' income. This paper analyzed existing problems in development of rural e-commerce and logistics in China,mainly including objective restriction of rural e-commerce and logistics by economic level,relatively backward capital construction facilities,lack of logistics information service platform,and insufficient professional personnel,and shortage of rural logistics professional personnel,and weak financial support of government. On the basis of these problems,it came up with pertinent recommendations from government,enterprises,and rural areas.

An Entropy-Based Model for Recommendation of Taxis’Cruising Route

Cruising route recommendation based on trajectory mining can improve taxi-drivers'income and reduce energy consumption.However,existing methods mostly recommend pick-up points for taxis only.Moreover,their performance is not good enough since there lacks a good evaluation model for the pick-up points.Therefore,we propose an entropy-based model for recommendation of taxis'cruising route.Firstly,we select more positional attributes from historical pick-up points in order to obtain accurate spatial-temporal features.Secondly,the information entropy of spatial-temporal features is integrated in the evaluation model.Then it is applied for getting the next pick-up points and further recommending a series of successive points.These points are constructed a cruising route for taxi-drivers.Experimental results show that our method is able to obviously improve the recommendation accuracy of pick-up points,and help taxi-drivers make profitable benefits more than before.

Problems and Recommendations for Rural Statistics and Survey Methods

With constant deepening of the reform and opening-up,national economic system has changed from planned economy to market economy,and rural survey and statistics remain in a difficult transition period. In this period,China needs transforming original statistical mode according to market economic system. All levels of government should report and submit a lot and increasing statistical information. Besides,in this period,townships,villages and counties are faced with old and new conflicts. These conflicts perplex implementation of rural statistics and survey and development of rural statistical undertaking,and also cause researches and thinking of reform of rural statistical and survey methods.

Recommendations for Development of Rural Labor Service Economy from the Perspective of Urban and Rural Integration

Rural labor service economy is a method turning rural surplus human resources to economic resources,to realize increase of social wealth. Developing the rural labor service economy has profound influence on promoting transfer and employment of rural surplus labor,and speeding up industrialization and urbanization. Rural labor service economy is a huge and complex systematic project for promoting urban and rural integrated development and increasing farmers' income. This paper firstly analyzed importance and urgency of accelerating the development of rural labor service economy. From the perspective of urban and rural integration,it came up with pertinent recommendations,including establishing security mechanism and improving rural labor security mechanism,creating preferential conditions and encouraging farmers to return to hometown,exploring potential and promoting nearby labor transfer to promote rapid economic development,improving public employment service system,and cultivating and developing labor market. It is expected to provide certain references.

Basic Research on the Burden of Dropping off and Picking up Children: Differences by Employment Type and Gender in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area

There is a need to reduce the burden of child drop-off and pick-up for child-rearing generations, but most studies on the actual situation in Japan are based on survey results. In this study, we analyzed differences in child drop-off and pick-up by employment type and gender, utilizing the “Metropolitan Area Person Trip Survey,” which is a statistical data set. The study targeted households in which both spouses were between 30 and 49 years old, had children under the age of 6, and included the following three groups. 1) Dual-income Group 1 (both spouses employed/on contract/temporary);2) Dual-income Group 2 (husband employed/on contract/temporary, wife part-time);3) Full-time housewife group (husband employed, wife unemployed). The analysis revealed that a) wives are almost always responsible for dropping off and picking up their children;b) husbands drop off and pick up their children less frequently in dual-income households;and c) households with children raising within 10 to 30 km of Tokyo Station have longer commuting times and need to reduce the burden of dropping off and picking up their children.

Architectural Color of Streets in Cultural Quintessence Area of Dongjiaomin Lane in Beijing City

Based on the research on architectural color context in cultural quintessence area of Dongjiaomin Lane in Beijing City,the historical causes and changes of architectural color characteristics are explored.Through the investigation on the architectural color status of streets,GIS technology is used to construct architectural color information database for systematic study,and the typical characteristics,main laws and major problems of architectural color of streets are excavated.Combining social investigation and psychological evaluation,the public’s psychological judgment and demands on architectural color are mastered in a multi-dimensional way.Based on various conclusions,this paper explores scientific and effective methods for architectural color planning and coordination of streets,and puts forward specific suggestions for color protection planning,with a view to creating a architectural color pattern of streets in cultural quintessence area of Dongjiaomin Lane with overall harmony,perfect order,ancient and modern integration,and distinctive characteristics.

社交网络用户反馈数据的个性化推荐算法仿真

社交网络通常涉及大量的用户和内容,使得对所有用户和所有内容进行个性化推荐的计算复杂度非常高,导致推荐系统难以捕捉到用户的偏好和兴趣。因此,提出一种社交网络用户反馈数据的个性化推荐算法。通过用户时间和空间范围的相似度计算方法,结合用户之间的信任关系,准确地捕捉目标用户的个性化信息。采用全局相似度计算方法,结合用户邻居和项目邻居的相似度计算,建立全局相似度计算矩阵分解模型,采用聚类算法按用户聚类特征个性化推荐,通过构建兴趣图谱和计算用户与聚类主题之间的参与关系,计算个性化向量的相互距离和差异性指数,实现精准的个性化推荐。实验结果表明,所提方法在困惑度和平均余弦相似性指标上表现好,说明上述方法在同等的用户反馈数据个性化兴趣推荐条件下能够提供精准和与用户兴趣相似的推荐结果。

基于混合兴趣主题模型的推荐方法

针对跨领域项目推荐过程中用户兴趣稀疏造成的推荐冷启动问题,提出一种基于混合兴趣主题模型兴趣领域潜在狄利克雷分布(PA-LDA)的推荐方法。PA-LDA使用兴趣潜在狄利克雷分布(P-LDA)模块挖掘用户历史行为数据,生成关于目标项目中兴趣主题的概率分布,综合考虑主题和项目内容词对兴趣的影响进行参数估计建模,得到用户对目标项目的兴趣评价。PA-LDA使用领域潜在狄利克雷分布(A-LDA)得到领域对项目目标的兴趣评价,混合两类兴趣评价,使用top-k方法推荐目标项目。在EdX和GCSE两组真实数据集上进行实验,验证方法的有效性和准确性。研究结果表明:PA-LDA可以有效解释用户兴趣和领域兴趣对项目推荐的作用原理,实现多维领域推荐的兴趣特征捕捉,提升推荐的适应性与准确性。

面向GPS数据的出租车载客路线层次化推荐模型

出租车载客推荐能够有效提高司机利润,对于提升交通效率、改善城市出行体验以及推动智能交通的发展都具有重要意义。现有方法一般直接向司机进行载客区域或载客路线推荐,没有考虑将这两者进行结合,不仅面临数据稀疏性问题,而且难以兼顾推荐准确性与实时性能。为此,提出一种面向GPS数据的出租车载客路线层次化推荐模型,其中采用了抗稀疏性的极深因子分解机(xDeepFM)、深度Q网络(DQN)强化学习算法以及层次化推荐策略。首先,离线推荐高载客概率的大网格,以减少在线计算量;然后,当出租车司机提出实时载客推荐需求时,在离线推荐的大网格内进一步推荐高载客概率的小网格;最后,给司机规划一条到小网格的载客路线。在滴滴公司数据集上进行实验,结果表明,与现有的一些先进方法相比,该方法可以使空载出租车司机的巡航时间至少减少36%,巡航距离至少减少26%,并且推荐时间仅需85 ms。

融合农村居民意图的健康知识推荐方法

为提高农村居民健康认知水平,提出一种融合农村地区居民意图的健康知识推荐方法。考虑到村民对不同健康知识的偏好,建模用户层中村民与健康知识间的关系路径,捕获村民获取健康知识的潜在意图,利用图卷积与注意力机制传播聚合村民意图邻居节点信息,获得村民与健康知识的高阶邻域表示,通过双交叉聚合器将初始节点与邻域表示进行聚合,增强村民与健康知识的表示能力,实现村民健康知识精确推荐。基于农村健康知识数据集验证研究模型有效性,结果表明该模型在准确率、NDCG指标上均得到了一定程度的提高。

彭阳县草畜产业发展现状分析及建议

近年来,彭阳县立足资源禀赋,强化创新驱动,加大政策扶持,健全产业体系,大力推进肉牛产业高质量发展,肉牛产业成为了全县农民致富增收的支柱产业,本文对彭阳县肉牛产业发展现状及优势进行了深入的分析,从而找出制约彭阳县肉牛产业发展的问题所在,针对存在的问题提出了符合实际的、可持续发展的建议。

吊钟水库库区及坝址区工程地质条件与地质评价

为研究吊钟水库库区及坝址区工程地质条件及存在的工程地质问题,主要是从地形地貌、地层岩性、物理地质现象、区域地质构造与不良地质现象、水文地质等方面进行全面论述,并根据工程地质条件对库区渗漏、水库浸没与库岸稳定、水库诱发地震等地质问题进行评价,为下一步水库坝型及枢纽建筑物的选型、布置,以及后期水库正常施工提供技术指导及数据支撑。

Logistic回归模型在红壤地区早稻推荐施肥中的应用

本文介绍了Logistic回归模型原理及其在红壤地区早稻推荐施肥中的应用 ,并给出了上述模型与现存的二次模型在红壤地区水稻土上的比较结果。

分散式生活污水污染源的治理技术与方法述评

从分散式生活污水污染源的特征分析入手,介绍了分散式生活污水污染源治理技术的现状,指出了当前分散式生活污水污染源治理工作中存在的一些问题,并在此基础上,探讨了分散式生活污水污染源治理方案确定的三原则,提出了治理方案的选择及其进一步做好分散式生活污水污染源治理的有关建议。

陕西关中灌区夏玉米土壤养分丰缺及推荐施肥指标体系的建立

2006-2008年,在陕西关中灌区的陈仓区、武功县、高陵县、扶风县、周至县共布置了66个夏玉米＂3414＂田间试验,分析了不同肥力水平下夏玉米土壤有效养分含量与相对产量的相关关系,建立了关中灌区夏玉米的丰缺指标体系; 并利用肥料效应函数计算出了不同肥力水平下的平均推荐施肥量。结果表明,当土壤碱解氮含量处于低（〈55 mg/kg）、中（55-100 mg/kg）和高（100-120 mg/kg）等级时,氮肥（N）用量分别为200-225、165-195 kg/hm^2和140-160 kg/hm^2; 当土壤速效磷含量处于低（〈10 mg/kg）、中（10-25 mg/kg）、高（25-40 mg/kg）和极高（〉40 mg/kg）等级时,磷肥（P2O5）用量分别为90-100、50-80、30-50 kg/hm2和15-25 kg/hm^2; 当土壤速效钾含量处于高（110-200 mg/kg）、极高（〉200 mg/kg）等级时,钾肥（K2O）用量为70-90 kg/hm^2和30-50 kg/hm^2。

吉林省农田土壤肥力现状及变化特征

【目的】距离中国第二次土壤普查已有近30年的时间,受种植活动、作物品种、耕作方式等变化的影响,农田土壤肥力已发生了巨大的变化。为实现土地资源的有效利用和种植业的可持续发展,必须明确农田土壤养分的现状与变化特征。【方法】通过对2005—2010年吉林省测土配方施肥项目中大量的土壤养分数据进行分析,研究吉林省农田土壤肥力现状,并与第二次普查数据对比以了解农田土壤养分的变化特征。【结果】目前,吉林省农田土壤的pH平均为6.6,有机质含量平均为26.1 g·kg-1,碱解氮含量平均为146.8 mg·kg-1,有效磷含量平均为26.7 mg·kg-1,速效钾含量平均为121.9 mg·kg-1。吉林省不同区域土壤养分存在显著差异,pH自东向西逐渐升高,而有机质、碱解氮和有效磷含量从东到西逐渐降低,速效钾含量东部地区显著低于其他地区。与第二次土壤普查结果相比,目前吉林省农田土壤有机质含量明显下降,碱解氮和有效磷含量大幅提高,速效钾含量略有降低。【结论】在长期耕作和较高施肥量条件下,吉林省农田土壤养分变化明显。建议今后在作物种植过程中大力推广科学施肥技术,重视有机肥与化肥配施,适当控制氮、磷肥施用,推进秸秆还田,以实现吉林省农田土壤肥力的提高和养分的平衡供应。

内蒙古河套灌区春小麦推荐施肥指标体系研究

为建立河套灌区春小麦施肥指标体系,指导科学施肥,2006～2008年在河套灌区分高、中、低土壤肥力水平设置春小麦"3414"肥料肥效试验141个。结果表明,河套灌区春小麦N、P2O5、K2O的农学效率平均分别为6.4、6.0、5.4 kg/kg;N的增产率为25.2%～40.9%,平均33.5%;P2 O5增产率为15.9%～21.1%,平均18.4%;K2 O增产率为7.2%～9.0%,平均8.0%;增产作用大小依次为氮肥>磷肥>钾肥;随着土壤肥力水平的降低,施肥增产率升高,但单位养分增产量下降。根据土壤养分测定值和相对产量的关系建立了河套灌区春小麦的土壤养分丰缺指标:全氮,极低(<0.63 g/kg)、低(0.63～0.85 g/kg)、中(0.85～1.15 g/kg)、高(1.15～1.56 g/kg)、极高(>1.56 g/kg);有效磷,极低(<5.9 mg/kg)、低(5.9～11.8 mg/kg)、中(11.8～23.8 mg/kg)、高(23.8～48.0 mg/kg)、极高(>48.0 mg/kg);速效钾,极低(<90.6 mg/kg)、低(90.6～129.1 mg/kg)、中(129.1～184 mg/kg)、高(184～262 mg/kg)、极高(>262 mg/kg)。根据肥料效应确定了氮、磷、钾养分最佳施肥量与土壤养分的关系,建立了河套灌区春小麦基于土壤全氮、有效磷和速效钾测定值的氮、磷、钾推荐施肥模型,初步构建了内蒙古河套灌区春小麦的推荐施肥指标体系。

我国葡萄主产区的土壤养分丰缺状况

【目的】目前我国葡萄园土壤养分研究滞后和缺乏科学的施肥指导,逐渐成为制约葡萄产业可持续发展的焦点问题。本研究旨在明确我国葡萄主产区土壤速效养分的丰缺状况并提出合理施肥建议,从而促进我国葡萄产业的健康可持续发展。【方法】2018年在我国的葡萄五大主产区(东北冷凉气候产区、华北及环渤海湾产区、秦岭-淮河以南亚热带产区、西北及黄土高原产区、云贵高原及川西高海拔产区)共采集了1100份土壤样品,分别测定土壤pH,有机质及速效大、中、微量元素含量,并运用ArcGIS软件绘图,明确我国葡萄主产区土壤养分丰缺状况及其空间分布特征。【结果】我国葡萄主产区土壤pH范围为2.9—9.6,中性土壤在全国占比仅为11.7%;有机质平均含量仅为11.42 g·kg^-1(缺乏),有机质缺乏的土壤占比78.8%;大、中、微量元素平均含量分别为速效氮77.8 mg·kg^-1(中等)、有效磷97.2 mg·kg^-1(丰富)、有效钾214.7 mg·kg^-1(中等)、有效钙1670.8 mg·kg^-1(丰富)、有效镁299.0 mg·kg^-1(丰富)、有效硫72.5 mg·kg^-1(极丰富)、有效铁83.9 mg·kg^-1(丰富)、有效铜5.8 mg·kg^-1(极丰富)、有效锰16.1 mg·kg^-1(丰富)、有效锌6.5 mg·kg^-1(丰富)、有效硼2.86 mg·kg^-1(丰富)。【结论】我国葡萄主产区适宜葡萄生长的中性土壤较少,面积占比仅为11.7%,有机质含量为11.42 g·kg^-1,有机质处于缺乏水平的土壤面积占比为78.8%;速效氮(77.8 mg·kg^-1)、有效钾(214.7 mg·kg^-1)含量偏低,有效磷(97.2 mg·kg^-1)含量偏高;中量元素有效钙、镁、硫含量处于丰富水平,但不同地区之间钙、镁含量差异较大;微量元素有效铜(5.8 mg·kg^-1)含量极为丰富,铁、锰、锌、硼含量均处于丰富水平,但部分区域仍存在养分缺乏的现象。各主产区可依据土壤养分丰缺状况进行区域性配方施肥,合理补充大、中、微量元素。

太行山区旱地谷子推荐施肥量的确定及其水分利用效率研究

采用D最优饱和设计方法并回归建模对太行山区旱地谷子推荐施肥量及提高降水利用效率进行了研究。结果表明：最佳经济效益下的推荐施肥量N＝207．0kg／hm^2，P_2O_5＝292.4kg／hm^2。目前产量水平下，氮磷配施（N：P_2O_5＝1：1．41）不施钾肥具有明显的增产高效效果。依据最佳经济效益推荐地肥量，较未施肥谷子产量提高72．5％，降水利用效率提高3．78kg／hm^2·mm。