Design and Experimental Research on Seedling Pick-Up Mechanism of Planetary Gear Train with Combined Non-circular Gear Transmission

Currently, transplanting mechanisms for dryland plug seedlings in China are mainly semiautomatic and have low efficiency. The rotary seedling pick-up mechanism with a planetary gear train for non-uniform intermittent transmission, and a concave and convex locking arc device, has a large rigid impact. To solve these problems, according to the design requirements for a dryland plug seedling transplanting mechanism, a rotary seedling pick-up mechanism of a planetary gear train with combined non-circular gear transmission of incomplete eccentric circular and noncircular gears was proposed. This has the characteristics of two-times greater fluctuation of the transmission ratio in a cycle, and can achieve a non-uniform continuous drive. Through analysis of the working principle of the seedling pick-up mechanism, its kinematics model was established. The human–computer interaction optimization method and self-developed computer-aided analysis and optimization software were used to obtain a set of parameters that satisfy the operation requirements of the seedling pick-up mechanism. According to the optimized parameters, the structure of the seedling pick-up mechanism was designed, a virtual prototype of the mechanism was created, and a physical prototype was manufactured. A virtual motion simulation of the mechanism was performed, high-speed photographic kinematics tests were conducted, and the kinematic properties of the physical prototype were investigated, whereby the correctness of the theoretical model and the optimized design of the mechanism were verified. Further, laboratory seedling pick-up tests were conducted. The success ratio of seedling pick-up was 93.8% when the seedling pick-up efficiency of the mechanism was 60 plants per minute per row, indicating that the mechanism has a high efficiency and success ratio for seedling pick-up and can be applied to a dryland plug seedling transplanter.

Design of Vegetable Pot Seedling Pick‑up Mechanism with Planetary Gear Train

It has been challenging to design seedling pick-up mechanism based on given key points and trajectories,because it involves dimensional synthesis and rod length optimization.In this paper,the dimensional synthesis of seedling pickup mechanism with planetary gear train was studied based on the data of given key points and the trajectory of the endpoint of seedling pick-up mechanism.Given the positions and orientations requirements of the five key points,the study first conducted a dimensional synthesis of the linkage size and center of rotation.The next steps were to select a reasonable solution and optimize the data values based on the ideal seedling trajectory.The link motion was driven by the planetary gear train of the two-stage gear.Four pitch curves of noncircular gears were obtained by calculating and distributing the transmission ratio according to the data.For the pitch curve with two convex points,the tooth profile design method of incomplete noncircular gear was applied.The seedling pick-up mechanism was tested by a virtual prototype and a physical prototype designed with the obtained parameter values.The results were consistent with the theoretical design requirements,confirming that the mechanism meets the expected requirements for picking seedlings up.This paper presents a new design method of vegetable pot seedling pick-up mechanism for an automatic vegetable transplanter.

Reverse design and tests of vegetable plug seedling pick-up mechanism of planetary gear train with non-circular gears

In the previous research,the seedling pick-up mechanism of the planetary gear train with incomplete eccentric circular gear and non-circular gears for vegetable plug seedlings still has two shortcomings.One is that not enough seedling pick-up depth leads to a low success ratio of seedling pick-up at high rotation speeds,the other is that the smaller seedling pushing angle results in poor seedling pushing effect.Therefore,the reverse design of the seedling pick-up mechanism based on its motion trajectory was carried out.The local trajectory of seedling pick-up and seedling pushing sections was adjusted to obtain the theoretical motion trajectory of the seedling pick-up mechanism.The cubic non-uniform B-spline curve was used to fit the adjusted trajectory.A novel seedling pick-up mechanism of the planetary gear train with non-circular gears was proposed,including three combined non-circular gears,four non-circular gears,one planetary carrier,and two seedling pick-up arms.The reverse design model of the mechanism was established.The analysis and design software of the mechanism was developed to obtain the mechanism parameters meeting design requirements.The virtual prototype of the mechanism was established and its physical prototype was manufactured.Through the virtual motion simulation and high-speed photographic kinematics bench tests of the mechanism,the kinematic model and results of reverse design of the mechanism were verified,with the kinematic performances of the mechanism prototype studied.The seedling pick-up tests of the mechanism were conducted in the laboratory.The success ratios of seedling pick-up were 94.2%,95.6% and 90.2% while the seedling pick-up efficiencies of the mechanism were 60,80 and 100 plants per minute per row,respectively.Besides,the seedling pushing effect was improved mush because of the greater seedling pushing angle.The seedling pick-up mechanism through revise design is of high value to be applied in the practical vegetable plug seedling transplanters.

Design and tests of a rotary plug seedling pick-up mechanism for vegetable automatic transplanter

The rotary plug seedling pick-up mechanism for vegetable automatic transplanter is the technical bottleneck to improve the mechanization level of vegetable planting in China.In order to solve the problems of rotary seedling pick-up mechanism proposed in previous study,such as low success ratio of seedling pick-up at high speed,and interference between the seedling bowl and the end of the other seedling pick-up arm,a novel kind of rotary seedling pick-up mechanism of planetary gear train with combined type gears of incomplete denatured-eccentric-circular and non-circular gears was proposed.Through kinematic analysis of the seedling pick-up mechanism,the kinematics model was established.The computer-aided analysis and optimization software with human-computer interaction method was developed to realize parameters optimization of the seedling pick-up mechanism.Three-dimensional parametric design system of seedling pick-up mechanisms with combined non-circular gear transmission was developed for mechanism virtual simulation to verify the correctness of theoretical model and design results of the mechanism.The physical prototype of the mechanism was manufactured,and high-speed camera kinematics tests of the mechanism were conducted in the laboratory to study its kinematic characteristics.Laboratory seedling pick-up tests were carried out.The mechanism has the success ratio of seedling pick-up 96.3%without interference during seedling transporting when the rotation speed of the mechanism is 50 r/min and the seedling transplanting efficiency is 100 plants/min per row,showing that the novel mechanism has better working performance than the original one and could be applied in vegetable plug seedling transplanter.

Design and experimental study of a planetary gearing mechanism based on twice unequal amplitude transmission ratio

To obtain the optimal seedling taking trajectory,this study proposed the adjustment of the total transmission ratio curve by using human-computer interaction.On the basis of this design method,a planetary non-circular gear mechanism was designed that can realize the twice unequal amplitude transmission ratio to meet the seedling harvesting requirements.The cubic non-uniform B-spline curve was used to fit the twice unequal amplitude transmission ratio curve,and the transmission ratio was freely distributed in two levels.The seedling pick-up mechanism was designed by controlling the seedling taking track and the corresponding attitude directly through the local section of the total transmission ratio,and the gear pitch curve was directly controlled by the transmission ratio.The kinematics model of the seedling pick-up mechanism was also established.Furthermore,the influence of the total transmission ratio on the seedling picking track,the ratio of the wave crest to the amplitude,and the mechanism parameters were discussed.A human-computer interactive optimization software was developed using Matlab,and a set of optimal parameters for the seedling pick-up mechanism was obtained to meet the transplanting requirements.By using the Adams software,the virtual prototype simulation of the seedling pick-up mechanism was completed,and the idle experiment for the track and attitude of the prototype was conducted through high-speed camera technology.The theoretical,simulated,and experimental trajectories were consistent with each other.Results revealed that the success rate of the seedling picking exceeded 90%when the rotation speeds were 40 r/min,50 r/min,and 60 r/min,and the qualified rate of the matrix decreased with the increase in rotating speed.Moreover,the number of damaged plants increased with the increase in rotating speed.The experimental results showed that the seedling pick-up mechanism designed using the proposed method demonstrated a good effect and met the required seedling picking performance.

一种新型减速带装置的设计

为了减少震动和噪声,设计了一种新型减速带装置。当车辆高速驶过减速带装置时,减速带面板瞬间不会下降,保持其应有的作用;而当车辆以低速驶过时,减速带面板在一对扇形齿轮的作用下缓慢下降,直至与地面平行,将车辆冲过减速带时的刚性冲击转变成柔性冲击,从而增强车辆通过的平稳性,减少震动和噪声;车辆通过后,复位弹簧作用使减速带复原;装置还实现了将车辆冲击减速带产生的能量转化成电能,存储利用。

钵盘苗扇形齿轮式取苗机构的凸轮设计及试验

为实现2Y–2型半自动钵盘苗移栽机的自动化取苗,设计了一种由扇形齿轮、沟槽凸轮及伸缩式苗夹组成的钵盘苗自动取苗机构。由于核心部件沟槽凸轮的轮毂形状影响苗夹的运动轨迹,对其主要结构参数包括中心距、摆杆长度和极半径进行了设计计算。对影响机构取苗效果的入苗深度、安装角度、基质含水率和转速进行了正交试验验证。结果表明:当入苗深度为34 mm,安装角度为75°,基质含水率为22%,转速为18 r/min,钵盘苗的基质脱落量、断根总长度及漏苗率最小。

液压-齿轮-齿条圆弧分型抽芯压铸模设计

给出了龙头体液压-齿轮-齿条圆弧分型抽芯压铸模实用结构,论述了模具的浇铸系统、结构特点和工作原理。该模具采用扇形齿轮-齿条机构实现龙头体铸件的侧向圆弧分型抽芯,同时通过相应的两套斜销滑块机构分别实现龙头体铸件另外两个方向的侧向分型抽芯。

前缘缝翼扇形齿轮传动机构试验装置开发研究

为了验证前缘缝翼扇形齿轮传动机构的强度,提高其使用寿命、传动平稳性和传动精度,按照某型飞机缝翼扇形齿轮传动机构研制和生产的需求,分析了缝翼扇形齿轮传动机构试验的加载及控制方法。利用运动相似、动力相似的原理开发了缝翼扇形齿轮传动机构试验装置,装置采用全闭环控制、液压加载的方式;进行了某型飞机缝翼扇形齿轮传动机构研制的静强度试验、出厂交付跑合,使用效果良好,满足跑合及相关试验技术要求。