基于PigsTrack跟踪器的群养生猪多目标跟踪

基于视频的生猪行为跟踪和识别对于实现精细化养殖具有重要价值。为了应对群养生猪多目标跟踪任务中由猪只外观相似、遮挡交互等因素带来的挑战,研究提出了基于PigsTrack跟踪器的群养生猪多目标跟踪方法。PigsTrack跟踪器利用高性能YOLOX网络降低目标误检与漏检率,采用Transformer模型获取具有良好区分特性的目标外观特征;基于OC-SORT(observation-centric sort)的思想,通过集成特征匹配、IoU匹配和遮挡恢复匹配策略实现群养生猪的准确跟踪。基于PBVD(pigs behaviours video dataset)数据集的试验结果表明,PigsTrack跟踪器的HOTA(higher order tracking accuracy),MOTA(multiple object tracking accuracy)和IDF1得分(identification F1 score)分别为85.66%、98.59%和99.57%,相较于现有算法的最高精度,分别提高了3.71、0.03和2.05个百分点,证明了PigsTrack跟踪器在解决外观相似和遮挡交互引起的跟踪过程中身份跳变问题方面的有效性。随后,利用Slowfast网络对PigsTrack跟踪器的跟踪结果进行了典型行为统计,结果显示PigsTrack在群养生猪个体行为统计方面更准确。此外,通过在ABVD(aggressive-behavior video)数据集上的试验,PigsTrack跟踪器的HOTA、MOTA和IDF1得分分别为69.14%、94.82%和90.11%,相对于现有算法的最高精度,提高了5.33、0.57和8.60个百分点,验证了PigsTrack跟踪器在群养生猪跟踪任务中的有效性。总而言之,PigsTrack跟踪器能够有效应对外观相似和遮挡交互等挑战,实现了准确的生猪多目标跟踪,并在行为统计方面展现出更高的准确性,为生猪养殖领域的研究和实际应用提供了有价值的指导。

Piglets Behavior Characteristics under Breeding Mode of Microbial Fermentation Bed

[Objective] This experiment aimed to compare piglets behavior under microbial fermentation bed breeding mode and traditional rearing mode. [Method] Pig behavior＇s statistical analysis under both microbial fermentation bed pig breeding mode and traditional rearing mode was se lected to study the effect of different breeding environment on pig＇s growth [ Result] The results showed that the duration of piglets lying and sleeping behavior accounted for the highest proportion of tested behavior, up to more than 70% ,followed by feeding and drinking which reached 15.96% （under microbial fermentation bed breeding mode） and 9.33% （under traditional rearing mode） respectively. Compared with traditional intensive rearing mode, piglet exploratory behavior＇s occurrence probability and duration increased significantly, by 28.62% and 12.21% respectively. Fighting behavior＇s occurrence probability and duration decreased significantly, by 49.83% and 91.26% respectively. Nutrient index and health index were introduced to evaluate piglet＇s general heath condition under microbial fermentation bed breeding mode, and results indicated that the health index of piglets under microbial fermentation bed breeding mode had slight difference from that under traditional mode, namely 10.83 and 10.03 respectively. But health index of piglets under microbial fermentation bed breeding mode was 245.12, much higher than 21.96 under traditional mode. [ Conclusion] Piglets would be healthier under microbial fermentation bed breeding mode.

Effect of titanium content on the precipitation behavior of carbon-saturated molten pig iron

The use of iron ores bearing titanium as a raw material is an effective measure to prevent hearth erosion and prolong the life of a blast furnace. In this research, the effect of titanium content on the precipitation behaviors of high-melting phases of carbon-saturated molten pig iron were studied by confocal scanning laser microscopy. The results showed that, when the titanium content was less than 0.25 wt%,Fe_3C was precipitated as a single phase from the molten carbon-saturated iron. The growth rate of the precipitated Fe_3C crystals was very high, reaching 7387 μm^2/s. When the titanium content in the molten pig iron was greater than 0.47 wt%, TiC crystals precipitated first. The shape and size of the precipitated TiC crystals did not obviously change. After TiC was precipitated, the fluidity of the molten pig iron worsened. With a decrease in temperature, Fe_3C was also precipitated but the growth rate of Fe_3C was limited by the presence of the first precipitated TiC phase. The crystal size of the precipitated Fe_3C was much smaller than that of pure Fe_3C.

Effects of Reduced Nocturnal Temperature on Performance and Behavior of Nursery Pigs

Previous studies suggested that pigs prefer lower environmental temperatures during nighttime compared to daytime. So reducing nocturnal temperature in nursery barns may not jeopardize performance or welfare of pigs, but can save energy for heating the barn. A study was conducted to investigate growth performance and behavioral response of nursery pigs to reduced nocturnal temperature. This study was conducted in four replicates, each utilizing 270 newly weaned pigs and lasting for 5 wk. Temperature setpoint in the control room （CON） was started at 30℃ and decreased by 2℃ per week. In the treatment room （RNT）, temperature setpoint was maintained same as in CON between 7：00 h and 19：00 h, and reduced by 8~C between 19：00 h and 7：00 h starting from d 5. Growth performance （15 pens/room, 9 pigs/pen, BW=（6.3±0.61） kg） was monitored for 5 wk, and behaviors in 6 pens in each room were video-recorded for 24 h 3 d after being exposed to the experimental temperature. Instantaneous scan sampling was performed to determine time budgets for standing, sitting, eating, drinking, belly nosing, three postures of lying, and huddling. Two focal pigs were continuously viewed to record duration and occurrence of eating and drinking. Reduced nocturnal temperature did not affect the growth performance of the pigs, time spent standing, sitting, total lying and eating or duration and frequencies of eating and drinking （all P〉0.10）. However, RNT increased time spent lying sternal （83 vs. 72%, P〈0.001） and number of pigs that were huddling （70 vs. 50% of lying pigs, P〈0.001）, and decreased time spent lying laterally （0.8 vs. 4.6%, P〈0.001）, lying half laterally （5.3 vs. 11.0%, P〈0.001）, and belly nosing （0.9 vs. 1.7%, P=0.01） during nighttime. These results indicate that nursery pigs adopted the posture of lying sternal and huddled together to reduce heat loss from their body surface to maintain thermal balance and growth performance in RNT. Such mild reduction in nocturnal temperature in the nursery barn can save energy for heating the barn without negative effects on performance and behavior of nursery pigs.

The Influence of Lairage Conditions for Finishing Pigs on Behavior,Biochemical Indicators and Meat Quality

A total of 60 crossbred(Large White×Landrace) pigs of halothane genotype NN(castrated males and females) were allotted to three treatments:3 h lairage with toys,3 h lairage and 0 h lairage in a randomized complete block design and used to evaluate the influence of lairage conditions on behavior, biochemical indicators and meat quality for finishing pigs at slaughter.Behavior of the pigs was scored subjectively during lairage.Blood samples were taken at exsanguination s to measure blood temperature, plasma Cortisol,ACTH,glucose,lactate,plasma enzymes and hematological indices.Post-mortem meat quality measurements included muscle colour value(MCV),electrical conductivity(EC),pH at 45 min and 24 h from Longissimus thoracis(LM) and Semimembranosus(SM) mucles and drip loss from LM. The results showed that 3 h lairage group with toys demonstrated significantly improved behavior than the group without toys at 3 sampling times.All the pigs showed increasing calmness as the time of lairage progressed.The omission of lairage increased plasma Cortisol,ACTH,glucose and lactate(P【0.05),and decreased plasma lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),and creatine kinase(CK)(P【0.05).No biochemical index was influenced by the presence or absence of toys during lairage(P【0.05).Muscle colour value, electrical conductivity,pH at 45 min and 24 h from LM and SM and drip loss were not affected by any treatment(P【0.05).Pigs provided 3 h lairage,with or without toys,exhibited lower red blood cell(RBC), hemoglobin(HGB),and haematocrit(HCT) when compared to 0 h lairage.3 h lairage with or without toys resulted in higher white blood cell(WBC) and lymphocyte(W-SCC) levels than 0 h lairage.None of the hemocytic indices in pigs given lairage was affected by the presence or absence of toys.We conclude from this pilot study that in local commercial conditions,from the point of view of animal welfare and meat quality,lairage time of 3 h after short travel was beneficial.Pigs resting showed increased relief from stress and a recovery in immune competence.Holding pigs in lairage with toys for a few hours after arrival at the abattoir may be beneficial for the animal’s well-being.

A note on the consistency of a behavioral play marker in piglets

Background： Play behavior has been proposed as a new potential indicator of animal welfare. Animals play only if they are in a relaxed state. Play may improve adaptability to challenging environments which may be of interest in the breeding objective. Little information is available on play behavior in livestock species. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether play behavior in post-weaned piglets can be induced instantly in the presence of additional space and whether play markers are body weight, sex, and litter dependent, it is investigated whether playfulness is elicited by the moment or if this measure is consistent over different days. Methods： Thirty two piglets from four litters were released into a corridor and video recorded for eight min at 37, 41, 44 and 48 d of age. The first test was considered as an adjustment period and was not included in the analysis. In the second to the fourth test, joyful brusque movements （jumping, turning and running） were recorded with a camera and total number of movements （JOY#） and total time （JOYtime） were estimated individually. Animals were weighed at 41 d of age. Results： Females had higher scores of JOY# and JOYtime than males but this was significant only for JOY# at 41 d of age （P 〈 0.05）. The effect of age was highly significant both for JOY# and JOYtime （P 〈 0.01）. Animals with a higher JOY# and JOYtime also expressed a higher JOY# and JOYtime in the other tests, but this was significant only between 44 and 48 d of age （P〈 0.01）. Body weight at 41 d of age was not significantly related to JOY# and JQYtime in any of the tests. Conclusions： Locomotor play was induced instantly by the provision of increased space allowance. Litter origin had a significant effect on play behavior. In addition, locomotor play scores were consistent between two of the three tests.

Research on Influence Factors of Pig Farmers' Ecological Farming Behavior: Based on the TPB and SEM

China's extensive development model of pig industry gives rise to serious resource and environment bottleneck restriction,it is urgent to transform the existing development model into ecological farming model. In this process,farmers' behavior will play a key role. On the basis of summarizing development connotation and characteristics of ecological agriculture,using survey data of 323 pig farmers in 6 provinces,based on the Theory of Planned Behavior( TPB) it introduced individual characteristics and external environment constraint variables,and made an empirical analysis on factors influencing intention and behavior of pig farmers' ecological farming using the Structural Equation Model( SEM). Results indicate:( i) ecological farming intention of pig farmers has the largest direct effect on their ecological farming behavior;( ii)ecological farming cognition of pig farmers has significant positive effect on their ecological farming behavior;( iii) external environment has the largest indirect effect on their ecological farming behavior,followed by the overall effect,and external environment has significant positive effect on ecological farming attitude and cognition of pig farmers;( iv) individual characteristics( educational level and income level) of pig farmers influence ecological farming behavior of pig farmers through their ecological farming attitude and intention,but the degree of influence is limited.

轻量级多场景群养猪只行为识别模型研究

针对现有猪只行为识别模型体积大、识别场景单一、部署应用硬件要求高等问题,本文提出轻量级多场景群养猪只行为识别模型YOLO v5n-PBR(YOLO v5n for pig behavior recognition)。首先通过拍摄和收集不同养殖场景、不同猪只数量及不同角度的群养猪只行为数据构建多场景群养猪只行为数据集,并根据该数据集中猪只行为目标的特点引入迁移学习方法和OTA(Optimal transport assignment)标签分配方法对YOLO v5n模型进行训练,加快模型收敛速度并提升模型精度,构建高精度多场景群养猪只行为识别模型;然后利用L1-norm剪枝算法筛选并删减模型中不重要的通道,去除冗余参数;最后通过微调训练和中间特征知识蒸馏去除剪枝带来的性能劣化,从而得到轻量级多场景群养猪只行为识别模型YOLO v5n-PBR并进行嵌入式设备部署。实验结果表明,YOLO v5n-PBR模型平均精度均值(mean average precision,mAP)为96.9%,参数量、计算量和内存占用量分别为4.700×10^(5)、1.20×10^(9)和1.2 MB,在两种不同系统和不同硬件配置的嵌入式设备上的部署实时识别帧率分别为12.2帧/s和66.3帧/s,与原始模型YOLO v5n相比,mAP提高1.1个百分点,参数量、计算量和内存占用量分别减少73.3%、70.7%和68.4%,部署实时识别帧率分别提高74.3%和83.1%。此外,基于多场景群养猪只行为数据集训练得到的YOLO v5n-PBR模型在4个单场景或双场景的群养猪只行为数据集上的mAP均能达到98.1%,对2种不同养殖场景的6段猪只行为视频的嵌入式设备部署识别统计结果与人工统计结果相近,平均精确率和平均召回率均为95.3%,以较少的参数达到较强的泛化性。本文提出的YOLO v5n-PBR模型具有精度高、体积小、速度快、泛化性强等优点,可满足嵌入式设备部署要求,为猪只行为的实时、准确监测及猪只行为识别模型的部署应用提供技术基础。

母猪精准养殖智能感知技术研究进展

母猪的生长状况、繁殖性能与健康状况是猪场管理的重要生产要素,直接关系到猪场的经济效益。我国母猪养殖还存在生产管理智能化水平低、健康管理效率低、生产力水平低等突出问题,制约了我国养殖业的高质量发展。本文从母猪生长信息感知技术、繁殖行为监测技术、健康状态感知技术等3个方面,总结了母猪精准养殖管理中生长、生理、健康监测的研究和发展现状,分析了母猪精准养殖技术的薄弱环节,对母猪养殖智慧管控系统的建设提出了建议,并对未来的发展趋势进行了展望,以期为我国养猪业绿色高效智能转型升级与智能养猪工厂的建设提供参考。

饲料因素影响猪采食行为的研究进展

猪的采食行为对其生长和养殖效益具有重要影响。饲料因素是影响猪采食行为的重要因素之一。文章综述了目前关于影响猪采食行为的饲料因素的研究进展,以及采食行为的调控机制,其中饲料成分、饲料能量密度、饲料质量与形态、饲料味道和香味等因素都能影响猪的采食行为。这将有助于制定个性化的饲养策略,从而提升饲养效果和经济效益。

计算机视觉技术在规模化猪场应用的研究进展

作为人工智能的一个主要分支,计算机视觉技术在许多领域取得了很大的成就,其在规模化猪场中的应用将为猪场带来产业性的变革。计算机视觉技术可以大幅度减少规模化猪场中人员工作量,同时使猪场对生猪的相关判断更加准确。本文简述了规模化猪场的现状和计算机视觉技术,重点综述了计算机视觉技术在规模化猪场中对猪只的行为监测、疾病预测、情感状态分析、猪只判别、生产管理、生物安全和防疫以及企业的落地探索等方面的研究进展,以期为促进我国规模化猪场的现代化和智能化发展提供参考。

农户同群行为对生猪价格波动的非线性影响

【目的】探究农户同群行为对生猪价格波动问题的非线性影响。【方法】分析了外部冲击下生猪价格波动中农户出栏决策同群行为对生猪价格波动非线性影响的形成机制,并基于2010年2月—2022年2月的生猪相关月度数据,以生猪存出栏比变异度作为测度农户生猪存出栏同群行为影响程度的替代变量,采用阈值回归模型检验生猪养殖农户同群行为对生猪价格波动的阈值效应。【结果】滞后一期的生猪存出栏比对生猪价格影响的阈值效应存在2个区制,均存在正向显著影响,说明农户同群程度越高,生猪价格波动越明显。而在高区制中阈值变量系数更高,说明农户囤栏惜售同群行为对生猪价格波动的影响更显著。【结论】消解农户同群行为是平抑生猪价格大起大落非线性波动的有效途径,并据此提出将生猪存出栏比作为警兆指标和建立标准重出栏制度等政策建议。

后备母猪对人工光照强度的偏好性选择

为明确人工光环境下后备母猪的适宜光照强度,该研究搭建了一套猪舍光环境偏好性选择系统,以LED白光(400~700 nm)为人工光源,设置4种光照强度(40、100、350、1200 lx),每7 d为一个周期对单元猪舍对应的光照方案进行调整,光照时长16 h,以24头二元杂交后备母猪为试验对象,进行了为期28 d的试验,探究后备母猪对人工光环境光照强度的偏好性选择规律。结果表明,在猪只数量的时空分布方面,相较于40、350、1200 lx,后备母猪在开灯期间表现出对100 lx光照强度的显著性偏好(P<0.05),占整体数量29.33%±1.14%;猪群对其余3种光照强度的偏好呈现明显的节律性,表现为开灯后和关灯前3 h对40 lx光照强度的偏好显著高于350、1200 lx(P<0.05);在猪只活跃度方面,开灯后的前6 h,较强光照组(350 lx:37.97%±3.47%和1200 lx:35.42%±4.04%)的猪只活跃度显著高于较弱光照组(40 lx:27.90%±8.44%和100 lx:23.94%±3.79%);在猪只采食方面,较强光照(350、1200 lx)组后备母猪的饲料消耗量和采食时长均高于较弱光照组(40、100 lx)。由此,建议后备母猪舍的照明制度中设置一定的光照过渡阶段,以100 lx光照强度为主,开灯后和关灯前3 h使用40 lx较弱光环境避免刺激,此外,可在09:00—11:00增加2 h较强光照(350 lx)增加猪只活动量。该研究结果可为后备母猪舍光环境精准调控提供理论参考依据。

猪精神健康性状研究进展

随着养猪业向规模化和集约化发展,其生产管理模式,例如断奶、混群、限位栏等,给猪群带来了恐惧、焦虑、抑郁等应激反应,严重影响着生产效率。因此,研究猪精神健康性状的遗传基础,并据此开展其遗传改良,对提升养猪业的生产效率与经济效益具有重要意义。本文主要从猪的应激反应和行为表现、猪精神健康性状的遗传基础探索以及猪作为精神健康模式动物在医学研究中的作用3个方面,综述了猪在集约化生产管理模式下可能出现的应激反应和行为问题,评估了用于衡量猪精神健康的指标和方法,并报道了与猪行为和应激反应相关的基因。目前,对猪精神健康性状遗传基础的认知还比较有限,亟须进一步开展研究来探索这一领域。同时,猪作为模式动物在精神疾病研究方面具有很大的潜力,未来可以利用其深入探究人类精神疾病的发病机制和治疗方法。

规模化生猪养殖场动物福利实施意愿及影响因素研究

近年来,我国不断推出相关政策推动畜牧业的高质量发展。动物福利作为提升养殖业质量水平的重要方面,受到政府、养殖企业及养殖户的重视。养殖户作为生产的第一车间,是提升畜产品质量的关键环节。因此,探讨生猪养殖场实施动物福利的意愿及影响因素,对促进畜牧业的高质量发展具有重要意义。本文依据辽宁省生猪养殖场的调研数据,基于计划行为理论,分析影响动物福利实施意愿的影响因素。

基于改进FairMOT的实时群养生猪智能跟踪

为解决群养生猪多目标跟踪中的挑战,如猪只外观相似、互相遮挡和动态交互等导致的身份识别错误、跟踪不连续问题,提出一种改进型FairMOT模型。该模型在主干网络中嵌入EMA注意力机制,优化下采样阶段的特征图,增强猪只位置特征的表达能力。同时,引入区分特征学习网络,通过加强不同猪只之间外观特征的细粒度差异,提高个体间的区分度。此外,模型采用特征匹配、IoU匹配和遮挡恢复匹配的三阶段策略,以增强跟踪的准确性。测试结果显示,改进FairMOT在高阶跟踪精度HOTA、多目标跟踪准确率MOTA、多目标定位精度MOTP、识别F1得分等关键指标上表现卓越,在自制数据集的平均得分分别达到85.87%、96.53%、96.07%和94.82%,明显优于原始FairMOT和其他五种跟踪器。且在不同光照和遮挡条件下,其展现出高准确性和稳定性,证明在复杂环境中的有效性和实用性。

基于异常行为分析的疑似病猪实时监测系统设计

鉴于人工观察猪异常行为识别疑似病猪的方法存在不足,设计了一种基于行为分析的实时监测系统,用于发现疑似病猪。通过部署在猪舍饮食间的长焦镜头和顶部的广角摄像头及从属传感器,对生猪的饮食行为进行24 h监控;通过改进运动目标检测算法和图像识别技术,实现对行为异常的病猪及疑似病猪进行非接触监测,并生成日志和记录数据;预警模块会将图像信息通过网络服务器传送至监控中心,这样可以有效发现猪的异常行为,从而更早地干预和治疗病猪。经过训练模型识别,共发现疑似病猪50只,经过检验,实际患病猪为49只,该系统检测精确度为99%,基本达到了预期的设计目标。

保育猪福利问题、异常行为及其改善措施调研报告

本次专项调查旨在调研我国规模化猪场保育猪福利现状及其改善措施。调查问卷通过问卷星网络平台发布,回收到信息填写完整、保育猪≥50头的151份猪场数据,并进行统计分析。结果表明:(1)调研猪场中,保育猪发生最频繁的异常行为、福利问题分别为咬尾/咬耳、行为福利问题,各占41.1%、31.8%,排名前一位的福利改善和环境丰容措施为水料充足和特制玩具,占比分别为66.9%和29.8%,以示环境丰容措施还有较大改善空间;(2)与不重视动物福利猪场相比,重视猪场动物福利猪场可降低环境、卫生、行为、心理等福利问题,减少咬尾/咬耳行为,变化幅度达20%以上(P<0.05或P<0.01);(3)存栏>3000头猪场与存栏≤3000头猪场相比,保育猪心理福利问题发生占比下降20.8%(P<0.01),采用特制玩具、优质光照改善环境丰容的猪场占比分别增加23.2%、26.7%(P<0.05),而使用垫料改善环境丰容的减少48.2%(P<0.01),采用健康管理、善待动物措施分别增加24.7%、19.8%(P<0.01或P<0.05);(4)劳动定额>800头的猪场相比劳动定额≤800头的猪场,保育猪心理福利问题、破坏圈栏发生占比下降16.3%、14.7%(P<0.05),以提供垫料作为保育猪环境丰容措施的占比下降44.2%(P<0.01),但提供优质光照的占比增加37.8%(P<0.01);(5)北部猪场相比南部猪场,保育猪行为福利问题发生占比、咬尾/咬耳行为发生占比分别下降17.3%、22.2%(P<0.05或P<0.01)。综上,重视动物福利、提供特制玩具等环境丰容措施、加强精细化健康管理的猪场,可以减少保育猪出现多项福利问题,此外,有些养猪场在改善保育猪福利方面还有较大空间,尤其存栏≤3000头的猪场。

生猪养殖户绿色生产行为绩效评价及障碍因子分析

【目的】评价养殖户绿色生产行为绩效并分析绩效障碍因子,以促进养殖户绿色生产行为绩效的提升。【方法】基于前景理论构建养殖户绿色生产行为绩效评价指标体系,采用2021年调研的763份河南省生猪养殖户数据,运用熵权TOPSIS法对养殖户绿色生产行为绩效进行评价,根据障碍度模型分析绩效障碍因子。【结果】养殖户绿色生产行为的综合绩效水平良好,业绩绩效优于效率绩效;随着养殖规模增大和兼业程度降低,养殖户施行绿色生产行为的社会收益和环境收益越大,综合绩效水平越高;政府补贴支持和金融贷款支持是养殖户绿色生产行为绩效提升的主要障碍因子。【结论】继续推进养殖主体规模化、专业化发展,加强针对中小养殖户的政策资金支持和金融贷款支持,强化社会责任引导和监督管理,促进养殖户绿色生产行为绩效提升。

影响猪采食行为的肠道微生物种类鉴别

动物主要通过采食来获取能量和所需营养物质,探索肠道菌群对猪采食行为的影响并研究其潜在的作用机制,可以为后续通过调控肠道菌群来改善猪采食提供理论基础。以210头商业杜洛克猪为研究对象,使用自动喂料器记录包括平均日采食时间(ADET)、平均日采食次数(ADEV)、平均日采食量(ADFI)等采食行为指标。140日龄时于肛门处收集粪便样品,通过16S rRNA基因V3-V4区测序获得试验猪肠道微生物结构与组成概况,采用Two-part模型以及共丰度组(CAGs)鉴别与猪采食行为相关的肠道微生物种类。结果显示:1)表型间相关性分析结果表明,ADET分别与ADEV(r=0.41,P<0.05)、RFI(r=0.32,P<0.05)呈显著正相关,ADFI分别与RFI(r=0.56,P<0.05)、平均日增重(ADG)(r=0.63,P<0.05)呈显著正相关,另外,RFI与背膘厚呈显著正相关(r=0.16,P<0.05)。2)CAGs分析中,主要包括瘤胃球菌科(Ruminococcaceae)、拟杆菌目(Bacteroidales)以及颤螺菌属(Oscillospira)等OTUs的CAG2与ADFI呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。而包含注释到柔嫩梭菌(Faecalibacterium prausnitzii)、两形真杆菌(Eubacterium biforme)和Asteroleplasma anaerobium等OTUs的CAG9则与ADFI显著正相关(P<0.05)。3)在相关性分析中,当FDR<0.05时,未鉴定到任何与采食行为显著关联的OTU,但鉴别到14、21、25个OTUs分别与ADET、ADEV、ADFI具有相关性趋势(P<0.01)。其中与ADFI具有正相关趋势的OTUs主要注释到普氏菌属(Prevotella)、瘤胃球菌科(Ruminococcaceae)以及韦荣球菌科(Erysipelotrichaceae),具有负相关趋势的OTUs则注释到YRC22、伯克氏菌目(Burkholderiales)、毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae)、瘤胃球菌科(Ruminococcaceae)。4)肠道微生物功能预测分析发现,胰岛素信号通路(Insulin signaling pathway)和脂质代谢(Lipid metabolism)等生物学功能与ADFI值呈显著正相关,而鞘脂代谢(Sphingolipid metabolism)则与之呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。本研究表明,部分产SCFAs或乳酸的细菌,如伯克氏菌目(Burkholderiales)、瘤胃球菌科(Ruminococcaceae)、克里斯滕森菌科(Christensenellaceae)、毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae)等可能在抑制猪采食量方面发挥重要作用,而普氏菌属(Prevotella)(尤其是Prevotella copri)具有增强宿主食欲的潜能,是调控宿主采食行为的关键微生物。