促进医护人员心理健康的组织干预策略:国际经验与启示

目的:检索国际上关于改善医护人员心理健康的组织干预策略,总结其干预途径及措施,为国内医院提高医护心理健康水平提供参考。方法:以Web of Science等数据库为资料来源,遵循PRISMA准则筛选英文文献,采用叙述性方法对研究进行描述和比较。结果:共筛选出9项国外组织方案作为医护心理干预的典型案例。通过系统梳理,确定了3类具体的干预途径及20项对应的干预措施。结论:为提升医护人员的心理健康水平,国内医院需借鉴国际先进经验,持续优化组织内部环境、创新心理干预手段、加强专业服务提供,最终达成医护人员心理健康的持续改善与提升。

Metaverse for mental health disorders:Opportunities and challenges

Several articles on the mental health impact of the metaverse and the need to balance its potential benefits with the risks of metaverse use has recently published.The metaverse consists of a combination of immersive technologies and artificial intelligence algorithms.The metaverse differs from the preceding digital psychiatric interventions due to its complex structure and interactions between components.The diverse functions of the metaverse ensure that it may have a substantial impact on mental health.However,the evidence for its efficacy in treating mental health disorders is limited to a few trials.The mental health benefits of immersive technologies are well-documented and suggest that metaverse-based psychiatric treatment may be similarly efficacious.The mental health risks of the metaverse are largely unknown,and it is not clear whether they will be greater than other digital psychiatric interventions.Much more research is needed to determine whether metaverse-based psychiatric treatment will meet the standards of appropriate mental healthcare.

Comprehensive bibliometric analysis of pharmacotherapy for bipolar disorders:Present trends and future directions

BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder(BD)is a severe mental illness characterized by significant mood swings.Effective drug treatment modalities are crucial for managing BD.AIM To analyze the current status and future trends of global research on BD drug treatment over the last decade.METHODS The Web of Science Core Collection database spanning from 2015 to 2024 was utilized to retrieve literature related to BD drug treatment.A total of 2624 articles were extracted.Data visualization and analysis were conducted using CiteSpace,VOSviewer,Pajek,Scimago Graphica,and R-studio bibliometrix to identify RESULTS The United States,China,and the United Kingdom have made the most significant contributions to research on BD drug treatment and formed notable research collaboration networks.The University of Pittsburgh,Massachusetts General Hospital,and the University of Michigan have been identified as the major research institutions in this field.The Journal of Affective Disorders is the most influential journal.A keyword analysis revealed research hotspots related to clinical symptoms,drug efficacy,and genetic mechanisms.A citation analysis identified the management guidelines published by Yatham et al in 2018 as the most cited paper.CONCLUSION This study provides a detailed overview of the field of BD drug treatment,highlighting key contributors,research hotspots,and future directions.The study findings can be employed as a reference for future research and policymaking,which may enable further development and optimization of BD pharmacotherapy.

A Comprehensive Survey on Federated Learning Applications in Computational Mental Healthcare

Mental health is a significant issue worldwide,and the utilization of technology to assist mental health has seen a growing trend.This aims to alleviate the workload on healthcare professionals and aid individuals.Numerous applications have been developed to support the challenges in intelligent healthcare systems.However,because mental health data is sensitive,privacy concerns have emerged.Federated learning has gotten some attention.This research reviews the studies on federated learning and mental health related to solving the issue of intelligent healthcare systems.It explores various dimensions of federated learning in mental health,such as datasets(their types and sources),applications categorized based on mental health symptoms,federated mental health frameworks,federated machine learning,federated deep learning,and the benefits of federated learning in mental health applications.This research conducts surveys to evaluate the current state of mental health applications,mainly focusing on the role of Federated Learning(FL)and related privacy and data security concerns.The survey provides valuable insights into how these applications are emerging and evolving,specifically emphasizing FL’s impact.

Relationship between the use of smart medical services and mental health status

In this editorial,I comment on the article by Zhang et al.To emphasize the importance of the topic,I discuss the relationship between the use of smart medical devices and mental health.Smart medical services have the potential to positively influence mental health by providing monitoring,insights,and inter-ventions.However,they also come with challenges that need to be addressed.Understanding the primary purpose for which individuals use these smart tech-nologies is essential to tailoring them to specific mental health needs and prefe-rences.

同辈心理健康病耻感量表中文版测评中学生的效度与信度

目的:检验同辈心理健康病耻感量表(PMHSS-R)中文版在中学生中的效度与信度。方法:选取1 099名中学生,随机分为样本1 (n=549)和样本2(n=550),分别进行探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析;总样本(n=1 099)用于考察内部一致性信度,2周后选取其中87名中学生进行重测;另外选取259名中学生(样本3),采用抑郁症病耻感量表(DSS)、专业心理支持求助态度量表简版(ATSPPHSF)进行效标效度检验。结果:探索性因子分析共提取出2个公因子,命名为病耻感意识、病耻感认同,累计方差贡献率为66.86%;验证性因子分析表明2因子模型拟合指数较好(χ~2/df=3.70,CFI=0.97,TLI=0.96,SRMR=0.03,RMSEA=0.07);PMHSS-R中文版得分与DSS得分正相关(ICC=0.58,P<0.01),与ATSPPH-SF得分负相关(ICC=-0.40,P<0.01);总量表及2个因子的Cronbachα系数分别为0.90、0.92和0.85,重测信度(ICC)分别为0.84、0.76和0.78。结论:同辈心理健康病耻感量表(PMHSS-R)中文版评估中学生的心理健康病耻感具有良好效度与信度。

Posttraumatic stress symptoms among Chinese university students during the COVID-19 pandemic:Prevalence,correlates,and mental health help-seeking

BACKGROUND Revisiting the epidemiology of posttraumatic stress symptoms(PTSSs)among university students during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic as well as understanding the mental health help-seeking behavior of individuals with PTSSs has critical implications for public mental health strategies in future medical pandemics.AIM To investigate the prevalence and correlates of PTSSs among university students during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in China and to examine mental health help-seeking behaviors among these students.METHODS A total of 2507 Chinese university students were recruited via snowball sampling.The students completed the Seven-item Screening Scale for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in China.Sociodemo-graphic characteristics,pandemic-related characteristics,and mental health help-seeking behaviors of students with PTSSs were also collected.RESULTS The prevalence of PTSSs among the participants was 28.0%.Seven significant correlates of PTSSs were identified(odds ratio=1.23-3.65,P≤0.024):Female sex,being 19 years old or older,living with others or alone,a low level of family economic status,fair or poor interpersonal relationships,severe or very severe local pandemic,and having family members diagnosed with COVID-19.However,only 3.28%of the students with PTSSs reported seeking help from mental health specialists.Among the 23 students who sought help from mental health specialists,13 opted for online or telephone-based psychological consultation.CONCLUSION Our data suggest that there was a high risk of PTSSs among university students and a high level of unmet mental health needs during the COVID-19 pandemic.The delivery of mental health services online or via telephone is a promising approach to address these unmet needs.

Burden of mental disorders and risk factors in the Western Pacific region from 1990 to 2021

BACKGROUND The burden of mental disorders(MD)in the Western Pacific Region(WPR)re-mains a critical public health concern,with substantial variations across demogra-phics and countries.AIM To analyze the burden of MD in the WPR from 1990 to 2021,along with associated risk factors,to reveal changing trends and emerging challenges.METHODS We used data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021,analyzing prevalence,incidence,and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)of MD from 1990 to 2021.Statistical methods included age-standardisation and uncertainty analysis to address variations in population structure and data completeness.RESULTS Between 1990 and 2021,the prevalence of MD rose from 174.40 million cases[95%uncertainty interval(UI):160.17-189.84]to 234.90 million cases(95%UI:219.04-252.50),with corresponding DALYs increasing from 22.8 million(95%UI:17.22-28.79)to 32.07 million(95%UI:24.50-40.68).During this period,the burden of MD shifted towards older age groups.Depressive and anxiety disorders were predominant,with females showing higher DALYs for depressive and anxiety disorders,and males more affected by conduct disorders,attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder,and autism spectrum disorders.Australia,New Zealand,and Malaysia reported the highest burdens,whereas Vietnam,China,and Brunei Darussalam reported the lowest.Additionally,childhood sexual abuse and bullying,and intimate partner violence emerged as significant risk factors.CONCLUSION This study highlights the significant burden of MD in the WPR,with variations by age,gender,and nation.The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has exacerbated the situation,emphasizing the need for a coordinated response.

城市绿色空间对青少年心理健康的影响:性别和手机娱乐时间的调节作用

本研究探讨了城市绿色公共空间,尤其是公园广场对青少年心理健康的影响,并着重分析了性别差异以及手机娱乐时间的调节作用。研究基于对广州市472名中学生问卷收集的数据,包括居住地、学校周边、工作日和休息日活动路径空间4种不同地理背景,建立回归模型。研究结果显示,绿色空间对青少年心理健康具有显著正向影响,居住地周围影响最大,其次是工作日活动路径、再次是休息日活动路径,学校周围影响最小。绿色空间对男生和女生的心理健康效应在不同的地理背景下表现出明显的差异,对男生在居住地周围和工作日活动路径的心理健康效应高于女生,而对女生在休息日活动空间路径的效应高于男生。手机娱乐时间的增加会抑制绿色空间的心理健康效应,对女生在居住地周围的抑制效应高于男生,对男生在休息日活动路径的抑制效应高于女生。建议可以从增加绿色空间、限制手机娱乐时间以及考虑性别敏感的干预措施3个维度促进青少年心理健康。

Morbid mentality of Hepzibah in The House of the Seven Gables

Loneliness is one of the central themes in the works of Nathanial Hawthorne,which,to some extent,is a reflection of Hawthorn's keen sensitiveness to the existential anxiety of man in his times.The paper explores the theme of alienation that is exposed in the The House of the Seven of Seven Gables by making a careful analysis of morbid mentality of Hepzibah,which is mainly displayed in Hepzibah's alienated feelings to the outside society and abnormal passion for Clifford.

间歇与持续训练对体力活动不足成人生活质量影响的Meta分析

目的:高强度间歇训练(high-intensity interval training,HIIT)和中等强度持续训练(moderate-intensity continuous training,MICT)对临床慢性病患者生活质量均有改善作用,但其对于体力活动不足成人的应用效果与调节因素尚不明确。文章旨在探究HIIT与MICT对体力活动不足成人生活质量的应用效果与调节因素。方法:在Web of Science核心合集、Medline(EBSCO Host)、PubMed和Cochrane Library数据库中进行文献检索,检索时限为各数据库建库至2023年9月。纳入文献类型为随机对照试验,研究对象为体力活动不足成人。采用RevMan 5.4软件和GRADE证据评价框架对纳入文献进行质量评价。使用R Studio(版本4.2.0)进行随机效应模型的主效应合并。亚组分析、回归分析和敏感性分析用于探讨研究异质性来源和调节因素。结果:①纳入32项中等至高质量的随机对照试验,共2083名体力活动不足成人对象(HIIT组474例;MICT组708例;对照组901例)。②相比于无训练对照组,HIIT(Hedges’g=0.61;95%CI:0.40-0.83;I2=45%)与MICT(Hedges’g=0.66;95%CI:0.25-1.08;I2=89%)均能显著提升生活质量。当直接比较HIIT与MICT时,二者之间的影响未观察到显著差异(Hedges’g=-0.01;95%CI:-0.23-0.21;I2=0%)。③亚组分析结果显示,HIIT和MICT在提高身体层面的生活质量更为有效(HIIT:Hedges’g=0.82 vs.0.75;MICT:Hedges’g=0.74 vs.0.55),而骑行在提高整体生活质量方面有更好的趋势(HIIT:Hedges’g=0.74 vs.0.36;MICT:Hedges’g=1.08 vs.0.52)。④回归分析未识别出任何显著的调节因素(所有因素P>0.05)。⑤上述Meta分析均未发现发表偏倚(Egger检验P>0.05)。结论:①中高级别的证据表明,HIIT与MICT均能改善体力活动不足成人的生活质量,且二者之间的干预效果类似。因此,在选择这两种方案时,需综合考虑安排灵活性、时间经济性以及应用可行性等因素制订个性化运动方案。②文章推荐在应用HIIT时,3次/周,使用低量方案(例如,每次5组,每组1 min),以80%-95%最大心率进行骑行可达理论最佳改善效果。③尽管MICT可提高生活质量,但尚无充分证据显示增加运动时长会带来额外益处。因此,建议在实施MICT时,每周进行3次以上,每次训练时长控制在25-60 min,并以50%-75%最大心率进行骑行,以达到理论上预期的最佳改善效果。

Japanese Social Mentality and the Change in the Approval Rates of the Abe Administration

From June to July of 2017, the approval rates of the Abe administration fell sharply, in stark contrast to the long-term stability since 2012. The stability of Abe＇ s approval rates originated from the people＇ s negative support for him and their opposition to the Security Laws and other important events as well as the scandals under his administration. The opposition and negative support originated from the people＇s ＂acquired helplessness＂, ＂Abenomics＂, the sharp drop in the opporttmity costs of voting and other conditions. The sudden fall of Abe＇ s approval rates was not due to the change in the aforementioned conditions, rather because of the collapse of his image including personality owing to Abe＇ s perceived arrogance and his estrangement with the people. In the context of the temporary stabilization of approval rates, Abe dissolved the House of Representatives ahead of schedule and held a general election, taking full advantage of the internal strife between the opposition parties, to achieve his goal of ruling until the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. His victory in the recent election does not accurately demonstrate that Abe is completely immune to negative impact, thus he will to use the Korean Peninsula crisis and other issues to demonstrate his ability of safeguarding Japan＇s security, seek reconstruction of his image, and further enhance his approval rate to stabilize his administration.

Confliction Beyond Oppression——Analysis of Emily's Mentality in A Rose for Emily

This paper investigates the development of the heroine's psychology during the period presented in A Rose for Emily by displaying her experiences in chronological order and teasing out the details that may have caused significant influence on Emily's mental state. It is concluded that Emily has developed a particularly strong desire for controlling and personal awareness under the social deprivation by her father for about thirty years, contributing to her twisted acknowledgement of her relationship with Homer, which are later triggered off when Homer refuses to marry her, finally into the seemingly inconceivable ending that Emily kills him and spends the rest forty years of her life with the decomposing corpse of her beloved one's.

A New Survey of English Mentality

A remote object may reveal surprisingly new features when observed at close range. So is the case of the English mentality, which has long been characterized as being humorous, reserved and conservative. When this longstanding assumption is scrutinized in the tight of the realities of present-day England, one finds that much of it is open to contention or in need of clarification.

The Current Situation and Characteristics of the Great Power Mentality of China’s Netizens

The Great Power Mentality possessed by the citizens is an important part of the country’s soft power and a necessary condition for China’s rise.Based on the operational measurement of the Great Power Mentality,this paper uses the data of the 2015"Public Social Awareness Survey"as a support to examine the current status of the Chinese people's Great Power Mentality and the characteristics of the Great Power Mentality in different groups.The main research conclusions are as follows:First,the Great Power Mentality can be specifically operated into three types:self-confidence,normal mentality,and responsibility mentality;second,overall,among the three Great Power Mentality of the public,the self-confidence has the highest score(3.93),the normal mentality is second(3.32),and the responsibility mentality is the lowest(2.67);third,whether it is self-confidence,normal mentality,or responsibility mentality,the ideological position has a significant impact on people’s Great Power Mentality.The"Left"people’s Great Power Mentality scores higher.

Research on College Frustrated Students＇ Network Mentality and Behaviors

Network has not only become a habit and lifestyle for university student, but also brought all sorts of ethical misconducts and ethical issues in society. Based on the analysis of college students＇ frustrations, this paper explores the causes of network behavior anomie for college students, which mainly include： dissatisfaction in real communication, game addiction to the network, craving online pornography, and hooking on online shopping. In addition, it also investigates the ways to wipe out mental frustration in such a cyber era. These ways mainly are to strenzthen online education and management, to make psychological counseling, and to carry on frustration education.

石家庄市居民心理健康素养现状及影响因素研究

目的了解石家庄市居民心理健康素养现状及其影响因素,为提升石家庄市居民心理健康素养水平提供依据。方法采用分层多阶段抽样方法,使用接纳与行动问卷、生活满意度量表、中国科学院心理研究所设计的石家庄市居民心理健康素养问卷分别测量居民心理灵活性、生活满意度及心理健康素养水平,采用多元线性回归分析进行心理健康素养的多因素分析。结果共收集有效问卷153942份,石家庄市居民心理健康素养平均得分为(61.23±7.65)分,AAQ-II得分(22.80±8.53)分,生活满意度得分(16.47±4.37)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示:女性(β=0.069,95%CI:1.015~1.180)、19~35岁年龄组(β=0.038,95%CI:0.459~0.850)、36~50岁年龄组(β=0.029,95%CI:0.250~0.678)、高中文化程度(β=0.034,95%CI:0.561~0.777)、专科(β=0.074,95%CI:1.287~1.544)、本科及以上文化程度(β=0.140,95%CI:2.583~2.907)、教师(β=0.040,95%CI:0.803~1.153)、公务员(β=0.021,95%CI:0.664~1.171)、医务工作者(β=0.038,95%CI:0.863~1.206)、企业职工(β=0.007,95%CI:0.006~0.267)、3000~4999元月收入(β=0.048,95%CI:0.720~0.933)、5000~9999元月收入(β=0.046,95%CI:1.237~1.581)、≥10000元月收入(β=0.005,95%CI:0.004~0.686)和高生活满意度(β=0.006,95%CI:-0.003~0.015)是心理健康素养的保护因素;51~70岁年龄组(β=-0.045,95%CI:-1.986~-1.431)农村县(β=-0.012,95%CI:-0.271~-0.097)、未婚(β=-0.029,95%CI:-0.774~-0.476)、已婚、(β=-0.059,95%CI:-1.173~-0.707)、离异/丧偶(β=-0.024,95%CI:-1.652~-0.946)和心理灵活性差(β=-0.012,95%CI:-0.015~-0.006)是心理健康素养的危险因素。结论石家庄市居民心理健康素养处于中等水平,未来应更加关注男性、农村县、低文化程度、心理灵活性差等人群心理健康,进而提升石家庄市居民整体心理健康素养水平。

Herd Mentality

AT the Rio＋20 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Develop- ment taking place later in June in Brazil, desertification will be a major issue of focus. Conference attendees will ruminate on how to go about solving the problem, but Allan Savory won＇t be among them.

少年精神障碍住院患者心理剧治疗效果的定性研究

目的:探讨心理剧治疗对少年精神障碍住院患者的效果。方法:在某医院住院儿童病房招募精神障碍患者22例(年龄12~18岁),根据访谈提纲对连续参加4次心理剧治疗的患者(均按常规服用精神科药物)进行半结构式访谈,采用扎根理论的方法对访谈资料进行深度分析,采用自编心理剧治疗参与感受及评价调查表调查患者参加心理剧治疗后的感受、收获或变化。结果:访谈分析发现,心理剧治疗的效果包括减轻症状、提高自尊程度、促进功能康复和提高社会适应能力4个方面。自编心理剧治疗参与感受及评价调查表结果显示,排名前4位的是促进人际关系、有趣、愿意继续参加和提高自信。结论:心理剧治疗对少年精神障碍住院患者具有辅助治疗作用,可促进自尊水平和社交能力的提升。

音乐治疗对空巢老人心理健康干预的研究进展(综述)

随着我国老龄化发展趋势,空巢老人出现的各种心理问题,严重影响了他们的身心健康和生活品质。本文通过综述音乐治疗对空巢老人心理健康的干预机制、干预技术、干预效果等,展示了音乐治疗在维护空巢老人心理健康中的最新研究进展。文中针对音乐治疗干预空巢老人心理问题存在的不足,提出了具体改进措施,并展望了音乐治疗促进空巢老人心理健康的发展前景,以期为国内相关研究提供参考。