Synthesis of Al2S3/MoS2 Nanocomposite by Electrochemical Method: Correlation for Photodegradation of Trichloroacetic Acid, Chloroacetic Acid, Acetic Acid and Study of Antibacterial Efficiency

Al2S3/MoS2 nanocomposite has been synthesized through electrochemical method and characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy, XRD, SEM and EDAX data. UV-Visible spectroscopy measurements reveal that the Al2S3/MoS2 nanocomposite has maximum absorption at 353.04 nm and this peak position reflects the band gap of particles and it is found to be 2.51 eV which was calculated using Tauc plot. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) reveals crystaline size to be 49.85 nm which was calculated using Williamson-Hall (W-H) plot method. Photocatalytic degradation of acetic acid, chloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid has been studied by volumetric method using NaOH solution. Photocatalytic degradation of chloroacetic acid and acetic acid follows first order kinetics. The photodegradation efficiency for Al2S3/MoS2 nanocomposite was found to be ≈97.8%. A Taft linear free energy relationship is noted for the catalysed reaction with ρ* = 0.233 and indicating electron withdrawing groups enhance the rate. An isokinetic relation is observed with β = 358 K indicating that enthalpy factor controls the reaction rate. The result of this paper suggests the possibility of degradation of organic compounds, industrial effluants and toxic organic compounds by photodegradation process by ecofriendly Al2S3/ MoS2. The antibacterial activity of Al2S3/MoS2 nanocomposite was investigated. These particles were shown to have an effective bactericide.

Antibacterial activity of sequentially extracted organic solvent extracts of fruits,flowers and leaves of Lawsonia inermis L.from Jaffna

Objective:To reveal the antibacterial activity of sequentially extracted different cold organic solvent extracts of fruits,flowers and leaves of Lawsonia inermis(L against)some pathogenic bacteria.Methods:Powders of fruits,flowers and leaves of L inermis were continuously extracted with dichloromethane(DCM),ethyl acetate and ethanol at ambient temperature.The dried extracts were prepared into different concentrations and tested for antibacterial activity by agar well diffusion method,and also the extracts were tested to detennine the available phytochemicals.Results:Except DCM extract of flower all other test extracts revealed inhibitory effect on all tested bacteria and their inhibitory effect differed significantly(P<0.05).The highest inhibitory effect was showed by ethyl acetate extract of flower against Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P.aeruginosa),and ethyl acetate extract of fruit on Escherichia coli(E.coli)and Bacillus subtilis(6.subtilis).The ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of flower,fruit and leaf expressed inhibition even at 1 mg/100μl against all test bacteria.Among the tested phytochemicals flavonoids were detected in all test extracts except DCM extract of flower.Conclusions:The study demonstrated that the ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of fruit and flower of L inermis are potentially better source of antibacterial agents compared to leaf extracts of respective solvents.

Preparation of TiO_2 Thin Film and Its Antibacterial Activity

TiO 2 nanometer thin films with photocatalytic antibacterial activity were prepared by the sol-gel method on fused quartz and soda lime glass precoated with a SiO 2 layer.The thin films were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),and X-ray diffraction (XRD).The results show that sodium and calcium diffusion into nascent TiO 2 film is effectively retarded by the SiO 2 layer precoated on the soda lime glass.The antibacterial activity of the films was determined.The crystalline of TiO 2 nanometer thin film has important effects on the antibacterial activity of the film.

Preparation of Nano-TiO_2 by Liquid Hydrolysis and Characterization of Its Antibacterial Activity

The nano-TiO_2 particles were prepared by liquid hydrolysis method and characterized using XRD. Its antibacterial activity against two representative bacterial, Escherichia eoli and Staphylococcus aureus, was also studied. The experimental results showed that the nano-TiO_2 caleinated at 600-700℃ contained the obvious anatase phase and exerted exeeUent antibacterial activity. The feature of antibacterial activity of nano- TiO_2 was non-strains specificity and exerted best antibacterial activity at concentration of 0.8 g/L.

In Vitro Antibacterial Test of Alkaline Hydrogen Water on Four Kinds of Common Pathogenic Microorganisms

[Objective] The paper was to investigate in vitro antibacterial effect of alkaline hydrogen water on Escherichia coli,Salmonella,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.[Method] With Cortex cinnamomi extract（1 g/m L） and pure water as the control,the minimal inhibitory concentrations（MIC） against four kinds of common pathogenic microorganisms were tested through microdilution method.[Result] When the alkaline hydrogen water was diluted to 1/8 times of the original concentration,it had significant antibacterial effects on four kinds of common mi-croorganisms with the concentration of 1.5 ×10^5 CFU/m L,which had equivalent effect with C.cinnamomi extract group.[Conclusion]The alkaline hydrogen water has remarkable antibacterial effects on the four kinds of common microorganisms,which may provide a new important way for pre-venting disease occurrence and reducing the harms of pathogenic microorganisms.

One-step Eco-friendly Fabrication of Antibacterial Polyester Via On-line Amination Reaction by Melt Coextrusion

The work is dedicated to develop a one-step eco-friendly method to prepare antibacterial polyethylene terephthalate(PET).We report a one-step eco-friendly method to manufacture antibacterial PET via on-line amination reaction by melt coextrusion.Beside evenly mixing of poly(hexamethylene guanidine)(PHMG)and PET in the melt coextrusion procedure,the amination reaction also occurred between PHMG and PET under high temperature(230-270℃).The antibacterial ability of composite PET showed obvious PHMG concentration dependence,and antibacterial activity reached more than 99%when PHMG content was 2.5 wt%.Moreover,LIVE/DEAD fluorescence test further confirmed that the composite PET could kill bacteria quickly and efiectively(within 30 min);while negligible cytotoxicity was observed to HSF and HUVEC cells.Onestep eco-friendly fabrication of composite antibacterial PET was accomplished by on-line melt coextrusion.The composite antibacterial PET has potential use in multiple fields to combat with pathogenic including textiles,packaging materials,decoration materials and biomedical devices,etc.

Influence of Modified ZnO Quantum Dots and Nanostructures as New Antibacterials

Antibacterial activities of various spherical zinc oxide nanoparticles and nano special morphological structures including quantum dots, nanorod arrays, nanoporous shapes and needle-like crystals had been investigated as new nanomedicine compounds. Also antibacterial activity based on minimal inhibitory concentration and the growth inhibitory zone (well method) was evaluated. ZnO nanostructures were fabricated by novel hydrolysis sol-gel-hydrothermal process followed with rapid quenching as new technique using glycerine, vegetable fatty esters such as coconut, sunflower and Lauric alcohol ethoxylated as organic templates soluble in eco-friendly nanofluids. The results showed that Bacillus anthracis and Pseudomonas aerogenes were extremely sensitive to treatment with unique ZnO nanostructured. Their growth inhibitory zone presented 30 mm and 25 mm inhibition zone with better inhibitory effect compared to the Gentamicin antibiotic standard. ZnO nanostructures had also been indicated to have a wide range of antibacterial activities against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria especially more effective on (gr+) species using the growth inhibitory zone. We could design and make significant formulations of fatty acids and esters-capped ZnO quantum dots nanofluids which created high promising agents for controlling Anthrax, Staphylococcus epidermidis and their influences in antimicrobial properties with low cost for future.

Structural and Characteristics of Manganese Doped Zinc Sulfide Nanoparticles and Its Antibacterial Effect against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

The Manganese doped zinc sulfide nanoparticles of the cubic zinc blende structure with the average crystallite size of about 3.56 nm were synthesized using a coprecipitation method using Thioglycolic Acid as an external capping agent for surface modification. The ZnS:Mn2+ nanoparticles of diameter 3.56 nm were manufactured through using inexpensive precursors in an efficient and eco-friendly way. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy are used to examine the structure, morphology and chemical composition of the nanoparticles. The antimicrobial activity of (ZnS:Mn2+) nanocrystals was investigated by measuring the diameter of inhibition zone using well diffusion mechanism versus two various bacterial strains. The technique of microorganism inactivation was considered as sorts-dependent. Bacillus subtilis showed the largest antibacterial sensitivity (35 mm) to ZnS: Mn2+ nanoparticles at a concentration (50 mM) whereas Escherichia coli offered maximum zone of inhibition (20 mm) at the same concentration. In this study, the results indicated that ZnS:Mn2+ nanoparticles were found to have significant antibacterial activity against Gram-negative (E. coli) and Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) bacteria.

黄粉虫抗菌肽的诱导·分离及其抗菌活性研究

[目的]探讨不同方法诱导对黄粉虫抗菌肽活性的影响,为黄粉虫抗菌肽的修饰改造、分子克隆、外源表达等奠定基础。[方法]选7龄、8龄、9龄的黄粉虫幼虫,以巴氏杆菌和沙门氏菌为诱导菌采用微量注射法、针刺法诱导抗菌肽,对不同菌液浓度和不同方法诱导的不同龄期黄粉虫幼虫抗菌肽的抑菌效果进行研究。[结果]①黄粉虫龄期对抗菌肽活性有显著影响。采用巴氏杆菌和沙门氏菌作为诱导菌,对7龄、8龄和9龄黄粉虫进行诱导,在诱导处理中,8龄幼虫诱导的抗菌肽活性显著大于其他龄期幼虫诱导的抗菌肽活性(P<0.05)。②不同菌液浓度诱导黄粉虫幼虫产生的抗菌肽抑菌活性存在差异。菌液浓度为对数期浓度稀释100倍时抗菌肽活性显著大于其他稀释倍数诱导的抗菌肽活性(P<0.05)。③不同方法诱导产生的抗菌肽抑菌活性存在差异。微量注射诱导的抗菌肽活性显著大于针刺诱导的抗菌肽活性(P<0.05)。④2种细菌诱导的抗菌肽活性有显著差异。采用沙门氏菌诱导的抗菌肽最高活性显著大于采用巴氏杆菌诱导的抗菌最高活性(P<0.05)。[结论]黄粉虫抗菌肽的活性受黄粉虫龄期、诱导源微生物种类、菌液浓度、诱导方法的影响。该研究中,以8龄黄粉虫为试验动物,采用对数期沙门氏菌液稀释100倍进行微量注射法诱导,所获得的抗菌肽活性最好。

葡萄糖氧化酶和植物乳杆菌抑菌性能的研究

采用牛津杯法研究葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)和植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)对鸡源、猪源大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)和沙门氏菌(Salmonella)的抑菌作用。结果表明,牛津杯法检测到GOD对不同来源致病菌均具有抑菌性,且在一定浓度范围内随浓度增加抑菌性能增强,在GOD酶活10 U/mL时仍具有抑菌作用,抑菌圈直径均≥9.25 mm。GOD酶在37~75℃干热处理10 min后仍具有较好的抑菌活性,65℃时对猪源大肠杆菌K88和37℃时对沙门氏菌0533抑菌作用最强,抑菌圈直径分别为10.75 mm和12.25 mm。植物乳杆菌BLCC2-0126对被试病原菌抑菌圈直径最大,对猪源大肠杆菌K99和沙门氏菌0533抑菌圈直径为13.75 mm。总之,GOD和BLCC2-0126均具有抑菌作用,且可共用于实际生产中。

杂合抗菌肽KL-21与抗生素体外协同抗菌效果研究

为了进一步研究杂合抗菌肽KL-21的抗菌活性和探索其应用潜力,试验测定了KL-21和抗生素对4种常见致病菌的抑菌活性,同时评估了KL-21与4种常见抗生素联用的协同效果。试验采用微量倍比稀释法测定KL-21和4种抗生素的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(MBC),利用棋盘试验法测得部分抑菌浓度指数(FIC)评估联用后的协同效果。结果表明,KL-21对4种致病菌均有良好的抑菌活性,与卡那霉素、庆大霉素、链霉素及氯霉素联合使用时具有协同或部分协同作用,可以将抗生素体外抑菌试验的MIC减少至1/16~1/2,为人工设计杂合抗菌肽KL-21的实际应用提供了参考,为畜牧生产以及动物疫病治疗提供更多选择。

石墨烯-PAN基复合纳米纤维的微观形貌及其抗菌性能

为了优化GO-PAN基复合纳米纤维的制备方法,探究石墨烯的质量分数对复合纳米纤维抗菌性能的影响效果,利用静电纺丝法制备了不同石墨烯质量分数的GO-PAN基复合纳米纤维,使用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱、差示扫描量热仪、力学性能分析等对复合纳米纤维的宏观性能和微观结构进行表征。研究结果表明:石墨烯的添加降低了复合纳米纤维的结晶度,GO-PAN基复合纳米纤维微观上呈三维网状结构,纳米纤维无序交错排列,纤维直径为170~230 nm。随着石墨烯质量分数的增加,复合纳米纤维的拉伸强度先增大后降低,断裂延伸率持续降低,且当石墨烯质量分数增大至0.9%时,复合纤维的拉伸强度达到了最大值20.61 MPa;石墨烯的添加改善了复合纳米纤维热学性能,脱水温度提高。GO-PAN基复合纳米纤维对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率均超过了95%,且石墨烯质量分数0.9%的复合纳米纤维膜对2种菌种的抑菌效率均达到最大值,抑菌率分别为97.32%、99.85%,其中复合纳米纤维膜对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌效率高于大肠杆菌。

PDCA循环管理法在抗菌药物管理中的应用效果分析

目的评估PDCA循环管理法应用于抗菌药物管理中所发挥的作用。方法选取2021年1月—2022年12月北京丰台右安门医院的30名药物管理人员为研究对象,2021年1—12月在抗菌药物管理中实施常规管理(对照组),2022年1—12月在抗菌药物管理中实施PDCA循环管理法(观察组),对比两组抗菌药物使用合理率、入组工作人员对于抗菌药物管理满意度以及管理质量评分。结果干预后,观察组抗菌药物使用合理率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组工作人员对于抗菌药物管理的满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组管理质量评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论抗菌药物管理工作中PDCA循环管理法的应用能够保证抗菌药物合理应用,有利于提高工作人员对管理的满意度以及管理质量评分。

不同尺寸纳米氧化锌的制备及其抗菌性能研究

溶液化学方法在制备ZnO纳米材料时最为常用,通常情况下,可以采用水或其它有机溶剂作为反应介质,制备不同尺寸和形貌的ZnO纳米粒子。本文以油酸钠为表面活性剂,乙酸锌为前驱体,使用不同醇溶剂(乙醇、正丁醇、正己醇),通过控制反应温度,在较为温和的反应条件下,成功制备了不同尺寸的球形纳米ZnO粒子。使用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、X-射线衍射(XRD)和紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-vis)等方法对所得到的ZnO纳米粒子进行了表征,在此基础上,选取其中五种不同尺寸的ZnO纳米粒子,使用平板浇注法,探究不同尺寸ZnO纳米粒子对大肠杆菌和金黄葡萄杆球菌的抗菌效果。结果表示:随着醇溶剂碳链长度和温度的增加,ZnO纳米粒子的尺寸会逐渐增加;随着ZnO纳米粒子的尺寸的减小,其抗菌效果逐渐增强。相比于金黄葡萄杆球菌,ZnO纳米粒子对大肠杆菌的抗菌效果较差。当ZnO纳米粒子的浓度为6×10^(-3)mol·L^(-1)时,对金黄葡萄杆球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌率分别达到了96.6%和91.4%。

樟叶总木脂素提取工艺及其抑菌活性研究

为研究樟叶总木脂素的最佳回流提取工艺及抑菌活性,以樟叶为研究对象,测定其芝麻素和9-羟基芝麻素含量,通过单因素联合Box-Behnken响应面法对樟叶总木脂素回流提取工艺进行优化,并采用带毒平板法对总木脂素的抑菌活性进行评价。结果表明,回流提取最佳工艺条件为提取温度86℃、料液比1∶8.39(g·mL^(-1))、提取时间43 min、提取溶剂为无水乙醇,在此条件下木脂素提取率达0.3804%。各因素对提取率的影响表现为提取温度>提取时间>料液比。抑菌活性试验表明,木脂素含量为2 mg·mL^(-1)时对链孢粘帚霉菌(Gliocladium catenulatum)、苹果黑腐皮壳菌(Valsa mali Miyabe et Yamada)、西瓜尖孢镰孢菌(Fusarium oxysporumf)和瓜果腐霉菌(Pythium aphanidermatum)的抑菌效果最佳,抑菌率均达到50%以上;有效中质量浓度(EC50)分别为1.238、1.280、1.486和0.419 mg·mL^(-1)。以上研究结果为樟叶开发利用及植物源农药研究及开发提供了理论参考。

中药混合液对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的体外抗菌作用的研究

目的探究中药混合液对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Sureus,MRSA)的体外抗菌作用。方法选取2022年1月—2023年6月江苏省启东市中医院检验科临床分离的40株MRSA。万古霉素、中药混合液对MRSA的体外最低抑菌浓度(Minimum Inhibitory Concentration,MIC)值采用微量肉汤稀释法测定;用K-B纸片扩散法测定万古霉素和中药混合液对MRSA的抑菌效果,探究不同药物浓度对MRSA抑菌活性的影响。结果万古霉素MIC值为(1.56±0.55)mg/L,低于中药混合液的(1.63±0.62)mg/mL,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。万古霉素抑菌圈直径为(20.56±0.87)mm,优于中药混合液的(19.89±0.73)mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。抑菌圈直径大小随浓度增加而增大且中药混合液各浓度抑菌圈直径均大于万古霉素,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论中药混合液对MRSA的体外最低抑菌浓度极低,可以有效抑制耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的生长。

纺织品用抗菌剂研究进展

后疫情时代,消费者愈发关注纺织品中抗菌技术的应用,纺织企业也在不断加强抗菌功能纺织品的研发。从后整理技术获得抗菌纺织品这一角度出发,详细综述了用于制备抗菌纺织品的3大类抗菌剂的结构、抗菌机理、应用特点和研究现状,同时指出各类抗菌剂在实际应用中的发展优势和技术瓶颈,并对纺织品抗菌剂未来发展的重点方向进行展望。

氧化石墨烯及其复合材料在抗菌领域的研究进展

全球范围内的细菌耐药性增强,传统的抗生素方案逐渐力不从心,抗菌新方案的研发刻不容缓。近年来,氧化石墨烯(GO)因其独特的二维结构和难以形成耐药性的抗菌机理引起了研究人员的关注,成为了抗菌领域的新宠。但由于GO的抗菌性能易受多种因素影响,限制了其广泛应用的可能。因此,从GO的合成方法和抗菌机理入手,着重介绍了GO的抗菌功能化及其复合材料的应用研究进展,并对将来GO基材料在抗菌领域的发展做出展望。

乙二醇-水体系纳米银的制备及其抗菌性能

采用溶液化学法,以油酸钠为表面活性剂,硝酸银水溶液为前驱体,乙二醇为还原剂和溶剂,通过调控温度和水的加入量,在乙二醇-水体系中制备了一系列不同尺寸的球形银纳米颗粒(AgNPs)。通过紫外-可见光(UV-Vis)光谱、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和高清透射电镜(HRTEM)对AgNPs的光学性质和晶体结构进行了详细表征。采用平板浇注法测定了不同尺寸AgNPs的抗菌活性。结果表明:通过调控反应温度和乙二醇/水体积比,可在温和条件下制备出不同尺寸的AgNPs。AgNPs对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均具有显著的抑菌效果。

CQDs/g-C_(3)N_(4)复合材料合成及其光催化性能的研究进展

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