Usually, the collapsible loess widely distributed across the world can serve as a type of foundation soil that meets its strength requirement after dense compaction and elimination of collapsibility. However, many pro...Usually, the collapsible loess widely distributed across the world can serve as a type of foundation soil that meets its strength requirement after dense compaction and elimination of collapsibility. However, many problems such as cracks and differential settlement still occur in loess roads in the seasonally frozen ground regions after several years of op- eration. Many studies have demonstrated that these secondary or multiple collapses primarily result from the repeated freezing-thawing, wetting-drying, and salinization-desalinization cycles. Therefore, we conducted a research program to （1） monitor the in-situ ground temperatures and water content in certain loess roads to understand their changes, （2） study the effects of freezing-thawing, wetting-drying, and salinization-desalinization cycles on geotechnical properties and micro-fabrics of compacted loess in the laboratory, and （3） develop mitigative measures and examine their engineered effectiveness, i.e., their thermal insulating and water-proofing effects in field and laboratory tests. Our results and advances are reviewed and some further research needs are proposed. These findings more clearly explain the processes and mechanisms of secondary and multiple collapse of loess roads. We also offer references for further study of the weakening mechanisms of similar structural soils.展开更多
[目的]通过测量冻融循环期间沟壁崩塌体积来评价冻融循环对切沟侵蚀的贡献。[方法]2016-2018年间,选取36条切沟共计463个崩塌点开展了野外调查。基于调查结果,切沟沟壁崩塌主要表现为2种类型:块状崩塌和松散堆积。在每个崩塌点测量2种...[目的]通过测量冻融循环期间沟壁崩塌体积来评价冻融循环对切沟侵蚀的贡献。[方法]2016-2018年间,选取36条切沟共计463个崩塌点开展了野外调查。基于调查结果,切沟沟壁崩塌主要表现为2种类型:块状崩塌和松散堆积。在每个崩塌点测量2种堆积体的形态参数:崩塌土壤的体积、切沟横断面的宽度和深度,以及相应沟壁土壤的剪切力和硬度。[结果](1)3年研究期间冻融作用导致的沟壁崩塌强度平均为16.12 m^(3)/(km·a)。2种崩塌类型在切沟内随机发生,单点冻融崩塌量主要集中在0~3 m ^(3),但块状崩塌导致的土方量更大。(2)切沟横断面宽度和深度是沟壁崩塌的主要影响因素,崩塌量随宽深比增大而增加,当宽深比>2.71后,崩塌量迅速增加。(3)切沟崩塌量与沟壁土壤的剪切力和硬度等紧密相关。[结论]沟壁冻融崩塌与切沟宽度和深度紧密相关,冻融崩塌量占切沟侵蚀泥沙产量的3.28%~23.68%,其影响与沟头溯源侵蚀相当。研究结果为定量评价冻融循环对切沟侵蚀贡献提供数据支撑。展开更多
新疆北疆地区某输水明渠工程跨越大面积湿陷性黄土区域,湿陷性黄土经多年降雨、蒸发及季节气温交替变化后力学特性衰减严重,极易造成渠基塌陷及渠坡滑动破坏等工程现象。为深入探究其劣化机制,通过开展干湿-冻融循环条件下湿陷性黄土的...新疆北疆地区某输水明渠工程跨越大面积湿陷性黄土区域,湿陷性黄土经多年降雨、蒸发及季节气温交替变化后力学特性衰减严重,极易造成渠基塌陷及渠坡滑动破坏等工程现象。为深入探究其劣化机制,通过开展干湿-冻融循环条件下湿陷性黄土的直剪、压缩及其微观扫描试验,从宏-微观两个尺度分析其剪切强度、压缩特性的劣化规律及其损伤物理机制。研究结果表明(1)直剪试验:随着干湿-冻融循环次数的增加,峰值抗剪强度呈急速减小-速率减缓-趋于稳定3阶段发展趋势;黏聚力呈指数形式减少,第1次循环减小幅度最大,5次循环后趋于稳定状态,劣化度达到44.55%;内摩擦角变化幅度在2.1°以内,最大劣化度为7.04%,受干湿-冻融循环的影响较小。(2)压缩试验:压缩曲线可依据固结压缩屈服应力σ_(k)分为弹性变形和弹塑性变形两阶段,σ_(k)随循环次数增加前移;压缩系数、压缩指数与循环次数呈指数、幂函数形式减小,土体的整体压缩性减小;回弹指数与循环次数呈线性正相关。(3)微观结构:通过微观电镜扫描(scanning electron microscope,简称SEM)试验分析,在循环作用下,大孔隙减小,中、小孔隙增加,排列方式趋于无序状;大粒径颗粒逐渐转化为中、小颗粒,形态趋向于拟圆形;利用关联度分析发现孔隙大小及其角度是影响剪切强度的主要因素;引入Pearson相关系数发现颗粒形态及孔隙大小对压缩指标的影响程度最大。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2012CB026106)the Science and Technology Major Project of Gansu Province (No. 143GKDA007)+2 种基金the West Light Foundation of CAS for Dr. G. Y. Lithe Program for Innovative Research Group of the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41121061)the Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soils Engineering of CAS (No. SKLFSE-ZT-11)
文摘Usually, the collapsible loess widely distributed across the world can serve as a type of foundation soil that meets its strength requirement after dense compaction and elimination of collapsibility. However, many problems such as cracks and differential settlement still occur in loess roads in the seasonally frozen ground regions after several years of op- eration. Many studies have demonstrated that these secondary or multiple collapses primarily result from the repeated freezing-thawing, wetting-drying, and salinization-desalinization cycles. Therefore, we conducted a research program to （1） monitor the in-situ ground temperatures and water content in certain loess roads to understand their changes, （2） study the effects of freezing-thawing, wetting-drying, and salinization-desalinization cycles on geotechnical properties and micro-fabrics of compacted loess in the laboratory, and （3） develop mitigative measures and examine their engineered effectiveness, i.e., their thermal insulating and water-proofing effects in field and laboratory tests. Our results and advances are reviewed and some further research needs are proposed. These findings more clearly explain the processes and mechanisms of secondary and multiple collapse of loess roads. We also offer references for further study of the weakening mechanisms of similar structural soils.
文摘[目的]通过测量冻融循环期间沟壁崩塌体积来评价冻融循环对切沟侵蚀的贡献。[方法]2016-2018年间,选取36条切沟共计463个崩塌点开展了野外调查。基于调查结果,切沟沟壁崩塌主要表现为2种类型:块状崩塌和松散堆积。在每个崩塌点测量2种堆积体的形态参数:崩塌土壤的体积、切沟横断面的宽度和深度,以及相应沟壁土壤的剪切力和硬度。[结果](1)3年研究期间冻融作用导致的沟壁崩塌强度平均为16.12 m^(3)/(km·a)。2种崩塌类型在切沟内随机发生,单点冻融崩塌量主要集中在0~3 m ^(3),但块状崩塌导致的土方量更大。(2)切沟横断面宽度和深度是沟壁崩塌的主要影响因素,崩塌量随宽深比增大而增加,当宽深比>2.71后,崩塌量迅速增加。(3)切沟崩塌量与沟壁土壤的剪切力和硬度等紧密相关。[结论]沟壁冻融崩塌与切沟宽度和深度紧密相关,冻融崩塌量占切沟侵蚀泥沙产量的3.28%~23.68%,其影响与沟头溯源侵蚀相当。研究结果为定量评价冻融循环对切沟侵蚀贡献提供数据支撑。
文摘新疆北疆地区某输水明渠工程跨越大面积湿陷性黄土区域,湿陷性黄土经多年降雨、蒸发及季节气温交替变化后力学特性衰减严重,极易造成渠基塌陷及渠坡滑动破坏等工程现象。为深入探究其劣化机制,通过开展干湿-冻融循环条件下湿陷性黄土的直剪、压缩及其微观扫描试验,从宏-微观两个尺度分析其剪切强度、压缩特性的劣化规律及其损伤物理机制。研究结果表明(1)直剪试验:随着干湿-冻融循环次数的增加,峰值抗剪强度呈急速减小-速率减缓-趋于稳定3阶段发展趋势;黏聚力呈指数形式减少,第1次循环减小幅度最大,5次循环后趋于稳定状态,劣化度达到44.55%;内摩擦角变化幅度在2.1°以内,最大劣化度为7.04%,受干湿-冻融循环的影响较小。(2)压缩试验:压缩曲线可依据固结压缩屈服应力σ_(k)分为弹性变形和弹塑性变形两阶段,σ_(k)随循环次数增加前移;压缩系数、压缩指数与循环次数呈指数、幂函数形式减小,土体的整体压缩性减小;回弹指数与循环次数呈线性正相关。(3)微观结构:通过微观电镜扫描(scanning electron microscope,简称SEM)试验分析,在循环作用下,大孔隙减小,中、小孔隙增加,排列方式趋于无序状;大粒径颗粒逐渐转化为中、小颗粒,形态趋向于拟圆形;利用关联度分析发现孔隙大小及其角度是影响剪切强度的主要因素;引入Pearson相关系数发现颗粒形态及孔隙大小对压缩指标的影响程度最大。
