Clinical significance of hepatitis B e antigen level measurement during long-term lamivudine therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients with e antigen positive

AIM： To determine the changes of quantitative hepatitis B e antigen （HBeAg） that predicts early detection of non-response or breakthrough to long-term lamivudine （LAM） therapy. METHODS： Among HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B patients who failed to achieve HBeAg seroconversion within 12 too, we retrospectively analyzed 220 patients who had received LAM more than 24 too. RESULTS： The mean duration of LAM therapy was 36 （range, 24-72） mo. HBeAg seroconversion after the first 12 mo of LAM therapy was achieved in 53 （24.1%） patients. Viral breakthrough was observed in 105 （47.7%） patients. To find out whether the changing patterns of HBeAg levels can predict the outcome of LAM therapy, we analyzed the reduction rates of HBeAg levels during LAM therapy. Using the decrease more than 90% of pretreatment HBeAg levels, the sensitivity and specificity of response were 96.2% and 70.1%, respectively. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the reduction patterns of the decrease of quantitative HBeAg： decrescendo, decrescendo-crescendo, no change or fluctuating groups. The optimal time to predict non-response or breakthrough was the first 9 mo of therapy. At 9 mo of therapy, 49 （92.5%） of 53 patients who had achieved HBeAg seroconversion were included in the decrescendo group. On the contrary, in the no change or fluctuating group, only four （7.5%） had achieved HBeAg seroconversion. Among patients who did not show the continuous decrease of HBeAg levels at 9 too, 95.2% （negative predictive value） failed to achieve HBeAg seroconversion. CONCLUSION： Almost all patients who failed to show a continuous decrease of HBeAg levels at 9 mo of LAM therapy were non-response or breakthrough. Therefore, monitoring changes of HBeAg levels during LAM therapy in HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B may be valuable for identifying patients who are at high risk of non-response or breakthrough.

Signal quality analysis and quality check of BDS3 Precise Point Positioning in the Arctic Ocean

This study analyzes the signal quality and the accuracy of BeiDou 3 rd generation Satellite Navigation System(BDS3) Precise Point Positioning(PPP) in the Arctic Ocean. Assessment of signal quality of BDS3 includes signal to noise ratio(SNR), multipath(MP), dilution of precision(DOP), and code-minus-carrier combination(CC). The results show that, 5 to 13 satellites are visible at any time in the Arctic Ocean area as of September 2018, which are sufficient for positioning. In the mid-latitude oceanic region and in the Arctic Ocean, the SNR is 25–52 dB Hz and the MP ranges from-2 m to 2 m. As the latitude increases, the DOP values show large variation, which may be related to the distribution of BDS satellites. The CC values of signals B1 I and BIC range from-5 m to 5 m in the mid-latitude sea area and the Arctic Ocean, which means the effect of pseudorange noise is small. Moreover, as to obtain the external precise reference value for GNSS positioning in the Arctic Ocean region is difficult, it is hard to evaluate the accuracy of positioning results. An improved isotropy-based protection level method based on Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring is proposed in the paper, which adopts median filter to smooth the gross errors to assess the precision and reliability of PPP in the Arctic Ocean. At first, the improved algorithm is verified with the data from the International GNSS Service Station Tixi. Then the accuracy of BDS3 PPP in the Arctic Ocean is calculated based on the improved algorithm. Which shows that the kinematic accuracy of PPP can reach the decimeter level in both the horizontal and vertical directions, and it meets the precision requirements of maritime navigation.

Study of performance of small gamma camera consisting of crystal pixel array and position sensitive photomultiplier tube

The performance of gamma camera with NaI(Tl) array coupled with position sensitive photomultiplier tube (PSPMT) R2486 has been studied. The pixel size of NaI(Tl) crystal is 2mm×2mm and the overall dimension of the array is 48.2mm×48.2mm×5mm. There are 484 pixels in a 22×22 matrix. Because each pixel can produce a much focused light spot and restrict the spread of photons, position resolution of the gamma camera is mainly determined by pixel size. It is shown that crystal array pixel can reduce shrinkage effect and improve intrinsic position resolution greatly via restricting the spread of photons. Experimental results demonstrate that its position resolution and linearity are much improved comparing with the gamma camera using planar crystals coupled with PSPMT.

How crystal configuration affects the position detection accuracy in pixelated molecular SPECT imaging systems?

It is well known that inter-crystal scattering and penetration(ICS-P) are major spatial resolution limiting parameters in dedicated SPECT scanners with pixelated crystal.In this study,the effect of ICS-P on crystal identification in different crystal configurations was evaluated using GATE Monte Carlo simulation.A ^(99m)Tc pencil-beam toward central crystal element was utilized.Beam incident angle was assumed to vary from 0° to 45° in 5° steps.The effects of various crystal configurations such as pixel-size,pixel-gap,and crystal material were studied.The influence of photon energy on the crystal identification(CI) was also investigated.Position detection accuracy(PDA) was defined as a factor indicating performance of the crystal.Furthermore,a set of ^(99m)Tc point-source simulations was performed in order to calculate peak-to-valley(PVR) ratio for each configuration.The results show that the CsI(Na)manifests higher PDA than NaI(TI) and YAP(Ce).In addition,as the incident angle increases,the crystal becomes less accurate in positioning of the events.Beyond a crystal-dependent critical angle,the PDA monotonically reduces.The PDA reaches 0.44 for the CsI(Na) at 45° beam angle.The PDAs obtained by the point-source evaluation also behave the same as for the pencil-beam irradiations.In addition,the PVRs derived from flood images linearly correlate their corresponding PDAs.In conclusion,quantitative assessment of ICS-P is mandatory for scanner design and modeling the system matrix during iterative reconstruction algorithms for the purpose of resolution modeling in ultra-high-resolution SPECT.

Development of Global Cropland Agreement Level Analysis by Integrating Pixel Similarity of Recent Global Land Cover Datasets

Global cropland monitoring is important when considering tactical strategies for achieving food sustainability. Different global land cover (GLC) datasets providing cropland information have already been published and they are used in many applications. The different data input methods, classification techniques, class definitions and production years among the different GLC datasets make them all independently useful sources of information. This study attempted to produce a cropland agreement level (CAL) analysis based on the integration of several cropland datasets to more accurately estimate cropland area distribution. Estimating cropland area and how it has changed on a national level was done by converting the level of cropland agreement into percentages with an existing cropland fraction map. A pre-analysis showed that the four GLC datasets used in the 2005 and 2010 groups had similar year input data acquisitions. Therefore, we placed these four datasets (GlobCover, MODIS LC, GLCNMO and ESACCI LC) into 2005 and 2010 year-groups and selected them to process dataset integration through a CRISP approach. The results of this process proposed four agreement levels for this CAL analysis, and the model correlation was converted into percentage values. The cropland estimate results from the CAL analysis were observed along with FAO data statistics and showed the highest accuracy, with a 0.70 and 0.71 regression value for 2005 and 2010 respectively. In the cropland area change analysis, this CAL change analysis had the highest level of accuracy when describing the total size of cropland area change from 2005 and 2010 when compared to other individual original GLC datasets.

Philosophy of GodForm:Power Authorities, Functional Position Levels, Religion and Science

In this work,author expressed new R-Synthesis specifically.Good and/or correct perspective that must be behind the definitions and administration generally expressed.New perspective of the philosophy explained generally.Philosophy of GodForm is defined and expressed as connected/related with the following concepts:(a)basic principles,(b)17 upper constructional philosophies,(c)14 lower constructional philosophies,(d)eight basic philosophies.As special cases,Philosophy of Engineering and Technology,Philosophy of Wireless Administration and others defined as hybrid philosophies.17 specific components/units which can be considered to define the basic principles of the related formation,are proposed to be designed by GodForm and defined by the author.Philosophy of GodForm and its relation with Values and Positions specifically defined.New Era Theory and New Era Belief explained generally.Some specific religions/beliefs are defined as variants/forms of the Progressive Religion.Good and/or correct power authorities(R-Power Authority)are defined due to 29 categories.Functional position levels defined for the R-Power Authorities with a unique table.As result of the R-Synthesis,functional position levels of some philosophers,some scientists,and of Prophet Jesus,Prophet Mohamed,Prophets Mouses,Buddha,and of Confucius generally/specifically defined.Integration and past/present effects of some R-Power Authorities in 5 x 5 Ideal Political Construction specifically explained.New Era Belief,Concepts of GodX and Science relation explained with the following concepts:(1)Religion of GodForm,(2)Knowledge of GodX,(3)Nature of GodX.With this respect,some other characteristics of 7 GodX power authorities expressed with details as complementary information.Following concepts/systems defined to arrange and solve some/most/all religious problems,which are determined with R-Synthesis:(a)Religious Responsibilities and Positions,(b)Ideal Religious Administration,(c)Sustainable/Continuable Political Administration System,(d)Community Values Council/Authority for each world country,(e)Progressive Councils.15 general religious position categories defined to express their good and/or correct meanings/values/responsibilities in the religious system.21 general/specific cases/programs defined due to New Era Belief to solve possible past/present/future community values problems,to have continuous,judicious,and progressive administration about the 36 kinds of community values.Progressive Councils,which are related with the CUS-WW-HO,are defined.Progressive Religion Council and some of the related religious responsibilities expressed for the kind progressive religion studies due to the Philosophy of Progressive Religions.

pLoc_Deep-mGpos: Predict Subcellular Localization of Gram Positive Bacteria Proteins by Deep Learning

The recent worldwide spreading of pneumonia-causing virus, such as Coronavirus, COVID-19, and H1N1, has been endangering the life of human beings all around the world. In order to really understand the biological process within a cell level and provide useful clues to develop antiviral drugs, information of Gram positive bacteria protein subcellular localization is vitally important. In view of this, a CNN based protein subcellular localization predictor called “pLoc_Deep-mGpos” was developed. The predictor is particularly useful in dealing with the multi-sites systems in which some proteins may simultaneously occur in two or more different organelles that are the current focus of pharmaceutical industry. The global absolute true rate achieved by the new predictor is over 99% and its local accuracy is around 92% - 99%. Both are transcending other existing state-of-the-art predictors significantly. To maximize the convenience for most experimental scientists, a user-friendly web-server for the new predictor has been established at http://www.jci-bioinfo.cn/pLoc_Deep-mGpos/, which will become a very powerful tool for developing effective drugs to fight pandemic coronavirus and save the mankind of this planet.

NCPAP和Bi-level NCPAP治疗早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征的疗效评价及对炎症反应的影响

目的:评价经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)和双水平NCPAP(Bi-level NCPAP)对早产儿中度呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)的治疗效果及对炎症反应的影响。方法:42例符合标准中度RDS的早产儿,胎龄28～34周,随机分为A、B两组,分别采用NCPAP治疗(压力6 cmH2O)和Bi-level NCPAP治疗(低压4.0 cm H2O,高压7.5 cm H2O)。在出生后第1、7日检测早产儿血清细胞因子(IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α)水平,记录患儿需要呼吸支持和氧依赖的时间以及出院时的胎龄,比较两组上述指标的差异。结果:两组早产儿均存活,无支气管肺发育不良或中枢神经系统疾病的发生。出生后第1、7日B组血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平均明显低于NCPAP组(P均<0.05)。两组早产儿组内不同时间血清三种细胞因子水平比较差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。A组需要呼吸支持的时间、氧依赖时间均长于B组(P均<0.05)、出院时胎龄大于B组(P<0.05)。结论:与NCPAP相比,Bi-level NCPAP能更好地改善通气、缩短呼吸支持和氧依赖的时间,缩短早产儿住院时间,所引起炎症反应程度也较NCPAP低,因此Bi-level NC-PAP对早产儿具有更好的耐受性和安全性。

STUDY ON A PRECISE ON-SPOT CALIBRATION METHOD FOR DISTRIBUTED STEREO REFERENCE POSITION-SETTING

A high precision method used for on-spot calibration of distributed stereoreference position setting is presented. The high measuring accuracy in stereo reference calibrationis derived from using a high precision water level instrument and an accurate height verniercaliper. It settles the problem of reference calibration effectively and accurately, without usinglarge coordinate measuring machines (CMM). It is more adaptable and precise than traditionalcalibration methods applying theodolites or autocollimators. The error sources of this method areanalyzed in detail and several methods are developed to eliminate the calibration error.Anoptimizing swallowtail-like anchor target is developed. Experiments show that the calibrationaccuracy can be limited within 0.06 mm in the range of 3～5 m and 0.03 mm with optimizing anchortarget. This method can be widely used in on-spot calibration.

Design and construction of a multi-sensor position monitoring system applied to key components of synchrotron sources

High-accuracy position monitoring of key components is required for modern synchrotron sources,such as free-electron lasers and diffraction-limited storage rings.Although various position monitoring sensors have been adopted to monitor the displacement of key components in each direction in real time,these monitoring systems are usually based on their own coordinate system.Data from such systems are meaningful when evaluating and examining the data from each positioning monitoring system in a unified coordinate system.This paper presents the design and construction of a multi-sensor position monitoring system(MPMS).A hydrostatic levelling system,a wire position sensor(WPS) and a tiltmeter are fixed to a stainless steel plate that has been calibrated by a coordinate-measurement machine.Several plates form the MPMS.The system must compensate for the sag of the stretched wires so that the WPSs create a straight line.The method of the coordinate transformation from the sensor coordinate system to the MPMS coordinate system was thoroughly studied.An experimental MPMS that includes five plates was setup in a 20-m tunnel,and a validation study to verify fully the feasibility of the MPMS was performed.

POSITIVE SOLUTIONS FOR A KIRCHHOFF EQUATION WITH PERTURBED SOURCE TERMS

This paper deals with the existence of positive solutions to the following nonlinear Kirchhoff equation with perturbed external source terms:{−(a+b∫_(R^(3))|∇u|^(2)dx)Δu+V(x)u=Q(x)u^(p)+εf(x),u>0,x∈R^(3),u∈H^(1)(R^(3)).Here a,b are positive constants,V(x),Q(x)are positive radial potentials,1<p<5,ε>0 is a small parameter,f(x)is an external source term in L^(2)(R^(3))∩L^(∞)(R^(3)).

Analysis of color distortion and optimum fusion for remote sensing images using the statistical property of wavelet decomposition

IHS （Intensity, Hue and Saturation） transform is one of the most commonly used tusion algonthm. But the matching error causes spectral distortion and degradation in processing of image fusion with IHS method. A study on IHS fusion indicates that the color distortion can＇t be avoided. Meanwhile, the statistical property of wavelet coefficient with wavelet decomposition reflects those significant features, such as edges, lines and regions. So, a united optimal fusion method, which uses the statistical property and IHS transform on pixel and feature levels, is proposed. That is, the high frequency of intensity component Ⅰ is fused on feature level with multi-resolution wavelet in IHS space. And the low frequency of intensity component Ⅰ is fused on pixel level with optimal weight coefficients. Spectral information and spatial resolution are two performance indexes of optimal weight coefficients. Experiment results with QuickBird data of Shanghai show that it is a practical and effective method.

城市无人机航线飞行间隔与调控频率综合研究

聚焦城市无人机航线飞行,为确保运行安全,需要为无人机配备合适的飞行间隔。面向同航线纵向飞行场景,研究了考虑冲突频率与碰撞概率且符合ICAO间隔制定原则的间隔调控模型。通过研究仅考虑无人机定位误差下的碰撞风险,得到无人机纵向飞行间隔,作为后续间隔计算的基准;通过综合考虑定位误差和速度误差引发的位置不确定性,计算伴随无人机航线飞行进程的碰撞风险。加大纵向间隔会延迟突破安全目标水平的时机,但随着飞行进程的推进,碰撞风险终将突破安全目标水平。基于此,提出了无人机位置调控机制,对2架无人机位置进行定期调控,以消除速度所产生的累积误差。针对某1个指定的安全目标水平,得到了纵向间隔与位置调控频率的关系曲线,发现二者存在博弈关系,实施高频调控,需要采取更小的航线间隔;反之,则需要加大航线间隔。同时,为兼顾城市空间与位置调控能力的双重约束,提出了选取曲率最大值位置的所需飞行间隔与调控频率作为折中方案,发现安全目标水平要求越严格,所需调控频率和飞行间隔越大。实验得到在满足安全目标水平为5×10^(-9)次/飞行小时情况下,所需调控频率为87次/h,所需纵向飞行间隔为90 m;同时在实际运行环境中,应用上述评估模型与方法可以客观选择所需间隔和调控频率。本文研究可以兼顾城市物流无人机空中运行的安全,提高城市空域利用率和派送效率。

Effect of autologous mesenchymal stem cells induced by low level laser therapy on cardiogenesis in the infarcted area following myocardial infarction in rats

In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that photobiostimulation by low-energy laser therapy (LLLT) applied to the bone marrow (BM) of myocardial infarcted rats may attenuate the scarring processes that follow myocardial infarction (MI). Wistar rats underwent experimental MI. LLLT (Ga-Al-As diode laser) was applied to the BM of the exposed tibia at different time intervals post-MI (4 hrs, 48 hrs and 5 days). Sham-operated infarcted rats served as control. Infarct size was significantly reduced (55%) in the laser-treated rats as compared to the control non-treated rats, at 2 weeks post-MI. A significant 3-fold increase was observed in the density of desmin immunopositive stained cells 14 days post-MI in the infarcted area of the laser-treated rats as compared to the non-laser-treated controls. The electron microscopy from the control infarcted rat hearts revealed a typical interphase area between the intact myocardium and the infarcted area, with conspicuous fibroblasts with collagen deposition dispersed among them. In rats that were laser treated (to BM), the interphase zone demonstrated cells with different intracellular structures. There was also a significant increase in the percentage of c-kit positive cells and macrophages in the circulating blood of the laser treated rats as compared to control non treated ones. In the majority of the cells clusters of myofibrils anchored to well-developed Z-lines and structures resembling the morphological characteristics of mature intact cardiomyocytes were evident. In conclusion, LLLT to the BM of rats post-MI induces cardiogenesis mainly at the borders of the infarcted area in the heart.

基于位置误差模型的机场侧向跑道碰撞风险评估

针对侧向跑道相关运行模式下航空器进离场安全间隔问题进行碰撞风险评估。为保证航空器之间的安全运行,对机场侧向跑道运行模式进行分析,计算两跑道航空器之间的动态间隔,并考虑导航误差、速度误差等因素建立位置误差碰撞风险模型。以成都天府机场侧向跑道为例,利用MATLAB软件对航空器间的碰撞风险进行仿真,并进一步得到碰撞风险值与侧向跑道汇聚交叉角度的关系。仿真结果表明:在起降相关运行模式下,当终端区航空器起始水平间隔距离为6 km,侧向跑道交叉角度为90°时,总的碰撞风险为5.14×10^(-9),满足航空器之间安全水平要求,且随着侧向跑道汇聚交叉角的增大,跑道上两架航空器的碰撞风险逐渐减小。

肠内-肠外联合营养联合双水平气道正压通气对COPD急性加重期合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者的应用效果探讨

目的探讨分析肠内-肠外联合营养联合双水平气道正压通气对COPD急性加重期合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者的应用效果。方法选择2022年3月-2023年2月本院呼吸内科收治的118例COPD急性加重期合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者作为研究对象,按照随机数表法分成实验组和对照组两组,每组各59例。对照组患者给予常规治疗、肠道内营养支持以及经鼻持续低流量吸氧,实验组患者给予肠内-肠外联合营养支持联合双水平气道正压通气。对比治疗前与治疗1周后的肺功能指标、血气分析指标、营养指标以及住院基本情况。结果实验组ICU住院时间、总住院时间均短于对照组,住院期间气管切开率和28 d病死率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。经不同方法治疗后,两组患者用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值的百分比(FEV1%)和最大的呼气流量(PEF)均高于治疗前,且实验组高于对照组;两组患者氧气分压(PaO_(2))、血酸碱度(pH)、血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))均高于治疗前,且实验组高于对照组,两组患者二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))低于治疗前,且实验组低于对照组;两组患者前白蛋白(PA)、白蛋白(ALB)、总蛋白(TP)均高于治疗前,且实验组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对COPD急性加重期合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者采取肠内-肠外联合营养联合双水平气道正压通气方式辅助的治疗方法,可以明显提高患者康复速度、缩短住院时间,在改善患者营养状况、血气功能与肺功能方面作用明显。

基于滑模同步控制的履带式作业机全向调平系统研究

针对现有丘陵山区履带式作业机底盘大坡地作业时易侧翻、安全性差的问题,基于“三层车架”式丘陵山区履带式作业机结构方案,设计了一种互联式全向液压调平系统,提出了基于扰动观测器的滑模同步控制方法,降低了单液压缸位置误差以及双液压缸同步误差。AMEsim-Simulink联合仿真结果表明:基于滑模同步位置控制的履带式作业机全向调平系统优于传统PID控制,全向调平中20°横向调平时间减小1.6 s,25°纵向调平时间减小1.8 s,上升时间平均缩短21.8%,调平时间平均缩短35.5%,同步位置控制误差保持在±6×10^(-4) m内。在此基础上,对3层车架式丘陵山区履带式作业机样机进行了实机测试,其中全向调平机身倾角平均误差为2.55%,液压缸平均同步误差为8.2%,测试结果验证了履带式作业机全向调平系统的可行性与优越性。

基于机器视觉的电芯绝缘介质定位算法

为保证电芯绝缘介质定位的准确性和时效性,文章提出一种基于双线性插值亚像素坐标结合改进随机抽样一致性(random sample consensus,RANSAC)算法的绝缘介质定位算法。对工业采集的图像进行空间滤波、阈值分割等预处理操作,分割出目标并增强特征;运用Canny边缘检测算子检测边缘,选取定位轮廓并根据最小外接矩形分离4条边缘直线,用双线性插值公式精确定位边缘直线亚像素坐标;采用部分点先验模型约束RANSAC算法提取4条边缘直线的高质量内点,再用最小二乘法分别拟合4条边缘直线并计算出相应偏移量。实验结果表明,该算法能有效保证绝缘介质的定位精度且具有一定的时效性,可以较好地满足实际生产应用的要求。

共形天线表面微小焊盘视觉定位算法设计

共形天线是一种特殊形态的新型雷达天线,具有低剖面性以及低散射面积,是未来雷达天线发展的重要趋势之一。当前,共形天线的装配方式正由人工装配转向自动化装配以提升生产效率和批产一致性,但共形天线表面的焊盘尺寸小,数量多且分布在复杂曲面上,现有视觉定位算法难以满足实际使用需求。为此,文中提出了一种多目标亚像素定位算法。该算法结合了模板匹配和亚像素定位算法,可以同时给出多个焊盘的精准位置信息。由仿真分析与实验验证可知,该算法的视觉定位精度可达5μm,有效提升了共形天线的装配质量。

风险等级防控护理对重症肺炎俯卧位通气治疗患者安全性与疗效的影响

目的 探究风险等级防控护理在重症肺炎俯卧位通气治疗患者中的临床应用效果。方法 抽选南通三院在2018年8月—2023年3月期间收治的81例重症肺炎俯卧位通气治疗患者作为观察对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组40例实施常规重症监护室护理措施,观察组41例实施风险等级防控护理措施,于干预前、干预14 d后,对两组患者动脉血气、呼吸力学、临床指标及并发症发生情况进行分析对比。结果 干预前,两组患者动脉血气、呼吸力学等指标相比,差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05);干预14 d后,两组动脉血气、呼吸力学指标高于干预前,且观察组在动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、肺总量(TLC)、动态顺应性(Cdyn)等指标高于对照组,气道峰值(PIP)低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组在机械通气时间、咳嗽、ICU治疗时间、平均住院时间均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组在营养不良、呼吸机相关肺炎、呼吸衰竭、压力性损伤等并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论风险等级防控护理有助于改善重症肺炎俯卧位通气治疗患者动脉血气、呼吸力学等指标,缩短机械通气、ICU治疗、平均住院时间,降低机体各器官衰竭评分,减少并发症发生。