Systematic Review of Community Type 2 Diabetes Structured Health Education (CT2DSHE)

Aim: This paper aims to evaluate disparities of type 2 diabetes structured health education programmes that is utilised within the communities. Design: systematic review, (a type of secondary research design) aiming to summarize the results of prior primary research studies on available evidence Community type 2 diabetes structured education (CT2DSHE). Methods: Research question: Type 2 diabetic structured health education within a community how effective is it? Qualitative Systematic review, defined as a way to get reliable and objective picture of current available evidence on the specific topic—(CT2DSHE), (Denscombe, 2021) through reflexivity synthesis of available data as an example. This is valuable in time constraints such as project assignments that must be met within specific time and also to bring together available evidence together [1]. Results: This review has shown that CT2DSHE is effective with seven out of the eleven authors supporting, three authors against and one was neutral, further showed that knowledge and skills acquired can last longer with patient activation improved among T2DM patients ideal for sustaining their self-management of T2DM. Conclusion: This research provides suggestive answers to the research question: “Type 2 diabetic structured health education within a community how effective is it?”, This has demonstrated CT2DSHE effectiveness in knowledge acquisition and improving T2DM awareness among T2DM patients, whilst evidencing long effects beyond the study times of 3 - 9 months period in relation to patient activation. Also Identified diabetes education self-management on newly diagnosed (DESMOND) patient as CT2DSHE program for recommendation. Patient or Public Contribution: This work aspires to contribute to CT2DSHE in these areas;Influencing policy decision-making for community diabetes care within the UK and world at large., Contributing to already vast knowledge on diabetes self-management and reasons why?, Influencing educators on how CT2DSHEP are designed, delivered by putting the patient at the Centre and bringing different perspectives on CT2DSHEP in one place that is serving users time of having to consult several resources especially busy clinicians [2] [3].

Planning and Design of Sightseeing Agricultural Park Characterized by Mountainous Landscape

After illustration of research and development process of sightseeing agricultural park,the paper had classified sightseeing agricultural park into sightseeing agricultural park,education agricultural park and agricultural garden in terms of development content;into renovation type and newly-built type in accordance with development mode;and into plain type and mountainous type in the light of terrain.From the perspectives of terrain,vegetation,hydrology and ecology,characteristics of landscape resources in mountainous sightseeing agricultural park were analyzed.It proposed principles for planning and design of mountainous sightseeing agricultural park,which were respecting and protecting nature,linking landscape units and coordinating spatial structure,systematicness and protecting inheritance of traditional culture.On this basis,it had illustrated landscape designing theories on architecture and landscape furniture,traffic road,plant greening and water supply and sewerage works.

Analysis of the Green Space System Planning in Small Towns with Yifeng Township, Yancheng City as an Example

Taking the green space systems in Yifeng Township for an example, this paper analyzed the characteristics and planning principles of green space system in small towns under the background of rapid urbanization. It also proposed the construction of stable ecological green space pattern of towns, the development of forest-type green space and the planning ideas of green space system in small towns that can embody regional context and implement multifunctional composite.

Planning failure-censored constant-stress partially accelerated life test

This article deals with the case of the failure-censored constant-stress partially accelerated life test （CSPALT） for highly reliable materials or products assuming the Pareto distribution of the second kind. The maximum likelihood （ML） method is used to estimate the parameters of the CSPALT model. The performance of ML estimators is investigated via their mean square error. Also, the average confidence interval length （IL） and the associated co- verage probability （CP） are obtained. Moreover, optimum CSPALT plans that determine the optimal proportion of the test units al- located to each stress are developed. Such optimum test plans minimize the generalized asymptotic variance （GAV） of the ML estimators of the model parameters. For illustration, Monte Carlo simulation studies are given and a real life example is provided.

地铁列车刨削式防爬吸能结构冲击力平稳行为参数优化

为提升地铁列车在碰撞过程的平稳性和耐撞性,提出一种刨削式吸能防爬器。该吸能结构因其抗偏载能力强,结构紧凑等优点被广泛应用于地铁列车的端部吸能结构中。以某型地铁列车的刨削式防爬器为研究对象,使用有限元仿真的方式建立该吸能结构的对称简化模型,并结合台车冲击的试验数据验证有限元模型的准确性;通过数值仿真的方式,将刨刀前角(α)、刨刀后角(β)、刨刀宽度(w)和刨削深度(d)作为输入变量,以总吸能量(E_(A))和吸能阶段的平均刨削力(M_(PF))为耐撞性指标,以样本方差(S^(2))作为考核参照,通过全因子法对输入变量进行参数化分析;在此基础上,利用径向基函数构建代理模型,并采用多目标遗传算法(MOGA)对该吸能结构的主要设计参数进行优化设计,以确定结构参数的最佳的配置方案。研究结果表明:在该型刨削式防爬吸能结构的主要设计尺寸参数中,β对E_(A)、M_(PF)以及S^(2)的影响均不明显;α对MPF、E_(A)呈负相关,同时与S^(2)呈正相关;w和d对E_(A)与M_(PF)呈正相关、与S^(2)呈负相关;通过优化设计得到的吸能结构的最优的参数设计方案中:d为3.94 mm;α为7.78°,w为34 mm;最优设计方案的E_(A)提高了5.91%,M_(PF)提高了5.89%,S^(2)降低了45.4%,耐撞性与平稳性得到了提高。研究结果可为地铁列车刨削式防爬吸能结构的设计提供工程参考。

产业主导型村庄规划中供地方式的探索实践--以永泰县岭下店村为例

在既有村庄建设用地受限情况下,探索乡村产业植入的供地策略,是产业主导型村庄规划解决用地需求的关键问题。在梳理乡村产业供地政策和相关文献研究基础上,提出“点状布局”和“飞地供地”推动产业项目落地的模式,并以岭下店村为例探索文旅产业植入的供地对策及其实施路径,研究产业主导型村庄通过“点状布局”和“飞地供地”策略,实现村庄产业落地的规划路径。

SAMPLING INSPECTION OF RELIABILITY IN (LOG)NORMAL CASE WITH TYPE I CENSORING

This article proposes a statistical method for working out reliability sampling plans under Type I censored sample for items whose failure times have either normal or lognormal distributions. The quality statistic is a method of moments estimator of a monotonous function of the unreliability. An approach of choosing a truncation time is recommended. The sample size and acceptability constant are approximately determined by using the Cornish-Fisher expansion for quantiles of distribution. Simulation results show that the method given in this article is feasible.

珠江流域地域主体功能时空演化特征及驱动机制

为构建珠江流域高质量国土空间格局,推动上-中-下游协调发展。文章以主体功能区战略为切入视角,运用交叉转换矩阵和多尺度地理加权回归模型,对1990—2020年珠江流域“三区空间”演化特征与驱动机制进行分析。结果表明:1)近30年间珠江流域城镇空间剧烈扩张,生态空间微增,但农业空间大量减少,上-中-下游“三区空间”演化空间差异显著;全域农业空间面积大幅减少,主要在下游地区转换为城镇空间,在上、中游地区恢复为生态空间;2)不同主体功能区中,城市化地区城镇空间增长最为剧烈,生态功能区生态空间恢复显著,农产品主产区农业空间大量减少;3)珠江流域“三区空间”演化受社会经济要素、自然地理要素和道路交通要素的共同驱动,不同驱动因子对于不同类型空间演化的作用强度存在明显差异,其中,产业发展大幅推动了城镇空间的扩张,而生态环境保护政策有力地推动重点生态区地生态空间恢复。

Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Control of Mobile Robots

Navigation of autonomous mobile robots in dynamic and unknown environments needs to take into account different kinds of uncertainties. Type-1 fuzzy logic research has been largely used in the control of mobile robots. However, type-1 fuzzy control presents limitations in handling those uncertainties as it uses precise fuzzy sets. Indeed type-1 fuzzy sets cannot deal with linguistic and numerical uncertainties associated with either the mechanical aspect of robots, or with dynamic changing environment or with knowledge used in the phase of conception of a fuzzy system. Recently many researchers have applied type-2 fuzzy logic to improve performance. As control using type-2 fuzzy sets represents a new generation of fuzzy controllers in mobile robotic issue, it is interesting to present the performances that can offer type-2 fuzzy sets by regards to type-1 fuzzy sets. The paper presented deep and new comparisons between the two sides of fuzzy logic and demonstrated the great interest in controlling mobile robot using type-2 fuzzy logic. We deal with the design of new controllers for mobile robots using type-2 fuzzy logic in the navigation process in unknown and dynamic environments. The dynamicity of the environment is depicted by the presence of other dynamic robots. The performances of the proposed controllers are represented by both simulations and experimental results, and discussed over graphical paths and numerical analysis.

基于动态算法的民办高校教学管理优化策略

伴随信息化教育的到来,高校管理的难度日益增加,传统的管理方法在民办高校中往往伴随着专业性的不足。为解决高校管理上的问题,提出使用动态规划算法来对民办高校的教学管理进行优化。首先,对现有的动态规划算法进行阐述,提出针对原始算法的两轮连续改进方案。其次,使用改进后的算法对高校的教学管理规划进行类型划分和事务合并实验分析。结果表明改进算法具备良好的稳定性,随着数据处理量的增加,算法的效率也呈比例增加,可有效用于高校管理优化。

Research on Overall Planning and Implementation Evaluation of Land Use of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Agriculture-seven Division

Based on methods for evaluating the overall planning and implementation of land use of domestic scholars, a comprehensive and highly-operable index system and evaluating method for land use planning multi-type implementation has been established through selecting multi-type evaluating indicators and applied to the last-round overall planning of land use in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Agriculture-seven Division. The obtained comprehensive score was 86.40, indicating that land use overall planning has been excellently coordinated with land, society, economy as well as ecology and has exerted outstanding effect with the rank as "good". The evaluation results are in accordance with actual conditions, which displays that the established multi-type implementation evaluating system of land use overall planning is reasonable with scientific evaluating methods and can be the reference for evaluation of land use overall planning in other regiments and companies of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.

高职教师职称评审标准的定位、架构与评量解析

自深化职称制度改革评审权下放后,各高职院校根据学校发展需要,自制评聘方案,突出高职教育类型特色。目前,高职院校在职称评审中主要存在评审目的未凸显高职教育育人本质、评审指标与高职教师专业能力发展匹配不足、评审体系与高职教育发展需求的适应性标准模糊等问题。根据我国高职教育发展的“类型”特点和“双高”建设需要,基于高职教师的职业特性、岗位职责、社会角色等要素,建构了高职教师职称五维评审标准基本框架,即5个一级指标和16个二级指标;基于此标准,将教师岗位分层分类,依据绩效配比程度,实施标准评量。这既是高职教师队伍专业发展的现实要求,也有助于提升高职院校师资队伍管理水平。

基于YOLO+DeepSort的出租车检测及交通流影响研究

为了解决出租车与黄色小型车辆外观相似、不易区分的问题,以哈尔滨市出租车为研究对象,以YOLOv5+DeepSort为基本框架,新增交通量与速度检测模块。基于视频采集数据,建立出租车目标检测数据集与出租车图像数据集,采用深度学习方法构建车型识别模型。建立了考虑出租车比例因素的速度影响模型,分析了畅行状态下出租车运行特征。结果表明:结合深度学习的出租车车型识别精确率高达0.88;畅行状态下出租车平均速度比其他车型高5~15 km/h;出租车比例对全局平均速度及速度-流量曲线增长趋势存在一定影响;考虑出租车比例的速度影响模型在继承传统BPR模型优点的同时,精度提升了20%左右。

考虑场景差异性的混合车型公交调度优化方法

纯电动公交因其低碳和节能环保的特性,已成为车辆电动化转型的必然选择,但纯电动公交车在实际运营中仍面临低温条件下性能下降和电池老化导致续航里程降低等挑战。考虑在运营中混合使用燃油车和电动车,以弥补纯电动公交车在特定场景下的性能下降,提升公交运营效率和服务质量。本文考虑公交动态运行特征建立公交时刻表分段优化模型,以优化后的车次为输入,构建混合车型运营条件下的公交行车计划编制优化模型,并设计改进的遗传算法实现模型求解。最后,以北京市公交线路为例,选取单线路运营、异地充电及区域集中调度等不同典型运营场景开展案例研究,验证优化模型在差异化运营场景条件下的适用性和优化效果。结果表明,对比本地充电场景,异地充电场景下的运营成本增加5.15%,运营车辆数量增加5.88%;在多线路联合编制行车计划的区域集中调度场景下,运营成本较单线路运营场景降低4.68%;在给定的车型比例阈值下,使用混合车型运营效果优于使用单一车型运营,有效降低运营成本和碳排放。本文研究为公共交通企业结合不同运营场景,制定科学灵活的电动公交运营调度方案提供了重要支撑。

江西传统村落建筑平面类型研究及演变——以江西石塘古镇为例

石塘镇是至今保存较好的江西古镇,其中仍保留着大部分的传统建筑。文章以江西石塘镇传统古镇为研究对象,通过对石塘镇建筑平面变形及组合类型的研究,来探讨传统古镇建筑平面的演变。通过实地调研和文献分析,梳理、分析了石塘镇传统古镇建筑平面演变,同时以现场测绘建筑为例,分类研究古村内民居建筑、宗祠建筑、商业建筑的平面组合类型,探索建筑的平面布局,进一步丰富了江西古镇及建筑的研究,为其他传统古镇研究提供借鉴方向。

区域品牌信任对跨省旅游购物行为的影响研究--区域品牌类型的调节效应

区域品牌是跨省游客获取旅游商品信息的重要渠道,基于TPB理论探讨了区域品牌信任对跨省游客旅游商品购买意愿的影响机制。研究发现:区域品牌信任正向影响跨省游客购买态度和意愿,区域品牌信任和态度中介主观规范对购买意愿的影响;区域品牌类型调节了“主观规范→区域品牌信任”和“区域品牌信任→购买意愿”两条路径,当以区域旅游商品品牌为依托型时,区域品牌信任对购买意愿有显著影响,主观规范对区域品牌信任影响则更大。

基于室外热舒适综合指数的居住区形体自寻优设计

目前我国正在实施一系列应对气候变化的战略,其中居住区建筑与室外环境的之间的关系日益受到关注。本文以合肥居住区为例,进行室外热舒适最优的建筑形态及布局的自生成实验,并建立了一套根据室外热舒适度改善的居住区布局形态自寻优的技术流程,运用Ladybug插件进行多时段室外热舒适度模拟,Octopus进行多目标遗传算法的形体自动寻优。结果表明:在600次代数的研究过程中,夏季室外热舒适度总体呈下降趋势,冬季室外热舒适度总体呈上升趋势。其中点式长宽比的设计范围应在2.5~2.9之间,板式长宽比的设计范围应在3.1~3.5之间,建筑高度方面多层应当以7层为主,高层应当多布置29~31层的建筑。在建筑群体的旋转角度方面应当重点考虑-30°和20°这两个指数,即西北和东北方向为主。冬夏季建筑最优布局应满足基地旋转角度为-30°。高度布局方面应满足“南高北低、高度差小”的原则。空地布局应朝东南向,连续布置并结合水系和绿化元素。

省级管控型专项规划技术路线与实践——以湖北省环梁子湖周边区域空间规划为例

在当前国土空间规划体系下省级层面规划管控体系存在不足,针对侧重要素管理导致系统性和整体性不足、分区准入制度尚未成体系、刚性管控和弹性指导统筹不足等问题,提出编制省级管控型专项规划,协调跨地市和不同部门的关系,凝聚战略共识形成统一用途管制规则和实施机制。以湖北省环梁子湖周边区域空间规划为例进行探索,总结分析环梁子湖区域建设失序问题的深层次原因,提出统筹全域各类资源的管控范围,根据区域功能划定统一管理分区,依据分区功能制定差异化的管控规则,建立全域覆盖、协调有序的空间管控体系。

一种液压挖掘机最优能耗的轨迹规划方法

为了降低液压挖掘机的运动能量消耗,实现各关节的合理有效作业,提出了基于T型速度曲线的关节插值方法,以实现液压挖掘机最优能耗轨迹规划。该方法将各关节的速度设定为匀加速、匀速和匀减速的形式以保证液压挖掘机在作业过程中的平稳性,以关节角度、角速度和角加速度为约束条件,利用改进的自适应遗传算法优化求解各关节的匀加(减)速和匀速运动时间,获得了各关节最优运动曲线,实现了液压挖掘机最优能耗轨迹规划。对基于T型速度曲线的插值规划方法进行仿真实验,并在相同条件下与四次多项式插值结果进行了对比。结果表明,该方法规划的轨迹能耗低,避免了各关节产生不必要的运动,有效减少了摩擦损耗,使得挖掘机可平稳、低能耗地完成作业。

“双高计划”背景下高职院校“双师型”教师队伍建设的定位、问题及改进

“双师型”教师队伍建设是高等职业教育高质量发展的基本前提,更是各高职院校实现“双高建设”战略目标的关键性力量。文章在“双高计划”建设背景下探究高职院校“双师型”教师队伍建设的定位,深入分析了“双师型”教师队伍建设存在的诸多问题,诸如前瞻意识中“双师型”教师价值认知的偏颇、培育过程中“双师型”教师追求数量拔高的隐忧、协调治理中企业参与“双师型”教师建设主动性不强的的现状、动态评估中“双师型”教师建设过程反馈机制的未完善等。为破解上述问题,文章从营造良好社会氛围,科学认识“双师型”教师价值;注重培育内涵建设,努力提高“双师型”教师质量;推进校企共同协助,搭建“双师型”教师培养平台;建立完善评价机制,把控“双师型”教师培养过程等方面提出改进措施,以期更好地赋能高职院校“双高计划”建设重要战略目标的实现。