Detection of Oscillations in Process Control Loops From Visual Image Space Using Deep Convolutional Networks

Oscillation detection has been a hot research topic in industries due to the high incidence of oscillation loops and their negative impact on plant profitability.Although numerous automatic detection techniques have been proposed,most of them can only address part of the practical difficulties.An oscillation is heuristically defined as a visually apparent periodic variation.However,manual visual inspection is labor-intensive and prone to missed detection.Convolutional neural networks(CNNs),inspired by animal visual systems,have been raised with powerful feature extraction capabilities.In this work,an exploration of the typical CNN models for visual oscillation detection is performed.Specifically,we tested MobileNet-V1,ShuffleNet-V2,Efficient Net-B0,and GhostNet models,and found that such a visual framework is well-suited for oscillation detection.The feasibility and validity of this framework are verified utilizing extensive numerical and industrial cases.Compared with state-of-theart oscillation detectors,the suggested framework is more straightforward and more robust to noise and mean-nonstationarity.In addition,this framework generalizes well and is capable of handling features that are not present in the training data,such as multiple oscillations and outliers.

Weak wide-band signal detection method based on small-scale periodic state of Duffing oscillator

The conventional Duffing oscillator weak signal detection method, which is based on a strong reference signal, has inherent deficiencies. To address these issues, the characteristics of the Duffing oscillator＇s phase trajectory in a small- scale periodic state are analyzed by introducing the theory of stopping oscillation system. Based on this approach, a novel Duffing oscillator weak wide-band signal detection method is proposed. In this novel method, the reference signal is discarded, and the to-be-detected signal is directly used as a driving force. By calculating the cosine function of a phase space angle, a single Duffing oscillator can be used for weak wide-band signal detection instead of an array of uncoupled Duffing oscillators. Simulation results indicate that, compared with the conventional Duffing oscillator detection method, this approach performs better in frequency detection intervals, and reduces the signal-to-noise ratio detection threshold, while improving the real-time performance of the system.

Joint MAP channel estimation and data detection for OFDM in presence of phase noise from free running and phase locked loop oscillator

This paper addresses a computationally compact and statistically optimal joint Maximum a Posteriori(MAP)algorithm for channel estimation and data detection in the presence of Phase Noise(PHN)in iterative Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM)receivers used for high speed and high spectral efficient wireless communication systems.The MAP cost function for joint estimation and detection is derived and optimized further with the proposed cyclic gradient descent optimization algorithm.The proposed joint estimation and detection algorithm relaxes the restriction of small PHN assumptions and utilizes the prior statistical knowledge of PHN spectral components to produce a statistically optimal solution.The frequency-domain estimation of Channel Transfer Function(CTF)in frequency selective fading makes the method simpler,compared with the estimation of Channel Impulse Response(CIR)in the time domain.Two different time-varying PHN models,produced by Free Running Oscillator(FRO)and Phase-Locked Loop(PLL)oscillator,are presented and compared for performance difference with proposed OFDM receiver.Simulation results for joint MAP channel estimation are compared with Cramer-Rao Lower Bound(CRLB),and the simulation results for joint MAP data detection are compared with“NO PHN"performance to demonstrate that the proposed joint MAP estimation and detection algorithm achieve near-optimum performance even under multipath channel fading.

Research and Simulation on Weak Signal Detection Based on Duffing Oscillator and Damping Ratio Perturbation

The chaotic system is sensitive to the initial value, and this can be applied in the weak signal detection. There are periodic, critical and chaotic states in a chaotic system. When the system is in the critical state, a small perturbation of system,n parameter may lead to a qualitative change of the system＇s state. This paper introduces a new method to detect weak signals by the way of disturbing the damping ratio. The authors choose the duffing equation, using MATLAB to carry on the simulation, to study the changes of the system when the signal to be measured is added to the damping ratio. By means of observing the phase loots chart and time damin chart, the weak signal will be detected.

Analysis of a kind of Duffing oscillator system used to detect weak signals

The stability of the periodic solution of the Duffing oscillator system in the periodic phase state is proved by using the Yoshizaw theorem, which establishes a theoretical basis for using this kind of chaotic oscillator system to detect weak signals. The restoring force term of the system affects the weak-signal detection ability of the system directly, the quantitative relationship between the coefficients of the linear and nonlinear items of the restoring force of the Duffing oscillator system and the SNR in the detection of weak signals is obtained through a large number of simulation experiments, then a new restoring force function with better detection results is established.

An innovative detection method of high frequency BPSK signal with low signal-to-noise ratio

Based on chaotic oscillator system, this paper proposes a novel method on high frequency low signal- to-noise ratio BPSK（ Binary Phase Shift Keying） signal detection. Chaotic oscillator system is a typical non-lin- ear system which is sensitive to periodic signals and immune to noise at the same time. Those properties make it possible to detect low signal-to-noise ratio signals. The BPSK signal is a common signal type which is widely used in modern communication. Starting from the analysis of advantages of chaotic, os~.illator system and signal features of the BPSK signal, we put forward a unique method that can detect low signar-to-noise ratio BPSK sig- nals with high frequency. The simulation results show that the novel method can dclct.t low signal-to-noise ratio BPSK signals with frequency in an order of magnitude of l0s Hz, and the input Signal-to-Noise Ratio threshold can be -20 dB.

Adaptive stochastic resonance method for weak signal detection based on particle swarm optimization

In order to solve the parameter adjustment problems of adaptive stochastic resonance system in the areas of weak signal detection,this article presents a new method to enhance the detection efficiency and availability in the system of two-dimensional Duffing based on particle swarm optimization.First,the influence of different parameters on the detection performance is analyzed respectively.The correlation between parameter adjustment and stochastic resonance effect is also discussed and converted to the problem of multi-parameter optimization.Second,the experiments including typical system and sea clutter data are conducted to verify the effect of the proposed method.Results show that the proposed method is highly effective to detect weak signal from chaotic background,and enhance the output SNR greatly.

A New Methodology for Early Detection of Thermoacoustic Combustion Oscillations Based on Permutation Entropy

We carry out a series of experimental investigations in a model combustor to detect a precursor of thermoacoustic combustion oscillations based on permutation entropy,which can amplify the subtle changes effected in the time sequence to identify the anomaly.By changing the flame’s location or the fuel flow to a value,an abrupt switch from aperiodic small-amplitude oscillations to periodic large-amplitude oscillations would occur in pressure fluctuations.The characteristic frequency of combustion oscillation is obtained by spectral analysis,with which a modified algorithm of the permutation entropy is proposed.The impact evaluation on key parameters such as moving step sizes and window sizes reveals that the moving data permutation entropy has strong robustness,and can accurately detect the onset of thermoacoustic oscillations.Further nonlinear analysis exhibits peculiar dynamics of the combustion system,which result in specific patterns in the time series and provide a theoretical basis for anomaly detection.Our results suggest that the permutation entropy has a certain potential in early warning and detection of combustion oscillations.

基于自激振荡原理的双线圈磨粒检测技术研究

为满足实际工业应用的需要,基于LC自激振荡,提出双线圈式磨粒检测技术。首先建立了等效电路模型,其次引入磁场均匀度系数的概念并利用COMSOL Multiphysics仿真软件研究了管道域中的磁场分布及金属颗粒通过线圈时的输出响应,最后制作传感器进行试验。结果显示,该传感器管道域的磁场均匀度系数达0.91以上,可通过检测电压、频率的变化获取磨粒信息。研究结果为电感式磨损传感器研发提供一种新思路。

柔性直流输电系统的高频谐波保护方法与工程实践

柔性直流输电系统受电力电子设备本身特性以及控制系统影响,在多种运行工况下易出现不同频率的振荡问题。作为实现设备安全和电网稳定运行的决定因素,保护系统应实现对系统谐波的准确监测以及可靠动作。根据高频振荡时的电流能量累积作用,给出了基于反时限动作的电流类谐波保护算法。基于高频谐波电压特性,分别给出了过零点监测保护算法、谐波畸变率保护算法以及宽谐波保护算法,各保护算法相互配合,实现对不同电压振荡类型的全面保护。最后,给出了国内柔性直流工程实践中配置的高频谐波保护,结合保护原理对系统发生高频振荡后的动作特性进行分析,验证了高频谐波保护的有效性和准确性。

工程化硅微谐振加速度计设计与实现

提出一种基于MEMS敏感结构芯片与专用集成电路芯片(ASIC)集成封装的硅微谐振加速度计设计方案。敏感结构主要包括敏感质量块、一级微杠杆放大结构和双端固定音叉谐振器。整体结构采用左右差分对称布局,实现器件高灵敏度。敏感结构芯片基于全硅晶圆级封装工艺,实现敏感结构芯片的低应力与批量化加工。敏感结构芯片与ASIC芯片采用堆叠式集成封装,实现器件的小型化与低功耗。所设计加速度计的谐振频率约为18.2 kHz,量程为±20 g_(n),标度因数为216 Hz/g_(n),标度因数稳定性为5×10^(-6),零偏稳定性为6.5μg_(n)(1σ,10 s)。所提方案实现了器件的小型化、低功耗与集成化。

电力系统受迫振荡检测与自适应振荡抑制研究

电力系统受迫振荡的振荡频率与系统跨区域振荡模态接近,因而能够引发强烈振荡。文中提出了一种受迫振荡模态检测方法,其通过小信号分析方法得出系统在受迫扰动下对应受迫振荡模态的解析形式;同时提出一种不需要安装额外的功率振荡阻尼器的功率振荡阻尼控制策略,用于抑制受迫振荡以及跨区域振荡。通过改进的14机系统验证了文中方法的鲁棒性和优越性。仿真算例证明所提方法对于外界扰动具有较强鲁棒性,且较传统方法具有明显优越性。

癫痫高频振荡节律检测与发作始发区定位系统软件设计

目的癫痫脑电信号中的高频振荡节律是发作始发区的显著生物标记物,其精确检测对术前发作始发区定位至关重要。而复杂的检测和定位方法需要专门的软件将其封装处理,并提供直观的数据分析界面,以供研究者和临床医生使用,为此本文设计一种直观的高频振荡节律检测与发作始发区定位系统软件HFOLab。方法采用模块化的设计方法,将高频振荡节律检测方法和发作始发区定位方法设计为两个子模块,将检测结果可视化并输入定位子模块。考虑检测方法误报问题和人工检测需求,分别设计高频振荡节律辅助校验和辅助检测子模块,为专家校验和标记高频振荡节律提供直观依据。结果采用20名癫痫患者的脑电数据,对HFOLab进行初步试验。试验结果表明,HFOLab具有直观的数据分析界面,可对检测结果可视化,并为专家校验和标记高频振荡节律提供直观的依据。20名患者的高频振荡节律平均检测灵敏度(Ripples:92.4%;Fast ripples:90.3%)和平均误报率(Ripples:9.2%;Fast ripples:10.7%)良好,整体发作始发区定位灵敏度和特异性分别为78.9%和77.4%。结论HFOLab可有效检测高频振荡节律并定位发作始发区,可辅助专家校验和标记高频振荡节律,为应用高频振荡节律定位发作始发区的临床试验提供新的工具。

基于多元经验模态分解的风电并网系统次同步振荡检测

随着风电的大规模并网,电力系统次同步振荡(SSO)事件频发,严重威胁电网的安全稳定运行。实现风电并网系统SSO的准确检测,对保障系统稳定运行具有重要意义。现有的基于量测数据的SSO检测方法多为单通道方法,难以兼顾系统全局SSO特性。为此,文章提出了一种基于多元经验模态分解(MEMD)的风电并网系统SSO检测方法。首先,对风电并网点量测数据进行多元经验模态分解,进而借助Teager-Kaiser能量算子(TKEO)筛选出含SSO模式的IMF分量;然后,采用希尔伯特黄变换(HHT)辨识次同步振荡频率及阻尼比;最后,结合改进的4机2区域测试系统的仿真数据对所提SSO检测方法进行测试,结果验证了所提方法的有效性。

Yoctonewton force detection based on optically levitated oscillator

Optically levitated oscillators in high vacuum have excellent environmental isolation and low mass compared with conventional solid-state sensors,which makes them suitable for ultrasensitive force detection.The force resolution usually scales with the measurement bandwidth,which represents the ultimate detection capability of the system under ideal conditions if sufficient time is provided for measurement.However,considering the stability of a real system,a method based on the Allan variance is more reliable to evaluate the actual force detection performance.In this study,a levitated optomechanical system with a force detection sensitivity of 6.33±1.62 zN/Hz^(1/2)was demonstrated.And for the first time,the Allan variance was introduced to evaluate the system stability due to the force sensitivity fluctuations.The force detection resolution of 166.40±55.48 yN was reached at the optimal measurement time of 2751 s.The system demonstrated in this work has the best force detection performance in both sensitivity and resolution that have been reported so far for optically levitated particles.The reported high-sensitivity force detection system is an excellent candidate for the exploration of new physics such as fifth force searching,high-frequency gravitational waves detection,dark matter research and so on.

声波定位技术在燃气PE管道探测中的应用研究

声波定位技术应用于燃气地下PE管道探测,是一种较好解决燃气PE非金属管道探测定位的技术方案。这一技术的有效利用很好地解决了天然气非金属PE管道探测定位这一技术难题,也激发了国内管线探测行业广大科研人员的研发热情,并催生了国内相关仪器设备厂商自主研发、生产的国产化。

X波段低相噪蓝宝石振荡器

设计了一款低相噪蓝宝石振荡器并对其进行温度控制,基于蓝宝石谐振器理论,采用有限元仿真软件完成了蓝宝石谐振器设计。蓝宝石谐振器实测中心频率为9.84 GHz,有载Q值113 000。将该蓝宝石谐振器作为选频网络与放大器、滤波器、移相器和耦合器构成低相噪蓝宝石振荡器。振荡器的输出工作频率9.84 GHz,输出功率9 dBm,偏离载波1 kHz处相位噪声为-117 dBc/Hz,偏离载波10 kHz处相位噪声为-144 dBc/Hz,偏离载波100 kHz处相位噪声为-161 dBc/Hz。该振荡器有助于提高雷达对于低慢小目标的检测能力。

一种新型智能电容传感器设计

文章旨在改进传统电容式接近传感器抗干扰能力差,误触发频繁的问题。在充分调研国内外传感器的发展现状及应用市场基础上,新型智能电容传感器的硬件重新设计了振荡电路、单片机控制电路和IO-LINK驱动电路,软件使用了自适应的投票算法和自动示教功能。新型智能电容传感器在安装方式上支持三芯电缆的IO-LINK模式,可实现简单快速对传感器的过程数据进行扩展诊断,提升现阶段电容传感器的智能化水平,同时为同类新型产品的研发提供有效的解决方案。

ANALYSIS OF FIRST TRANSIENT PRESSURE OSCILLATION FOR LEAKDETECTION IN A SINGLE PIPELINE

The leak detection is of great importance in the reliable operation and management of a pipeline system. Recently, attention is shifted to the use of the time domain or frequency domain methods based on the transient analysis. These methods sometimes require accurate pressure signals obtained during the transient period or by creating ideal conditions in testing. This paper proposes a method that does not require transient simulations over the whole or an extended period of time, but uses the first transient pressure oscillation to detect leaks. The method considers the propagation of the pressure oscillation wave created from a fast valve closure and the reflected damp wave from the leak. A leak in the pipe gives rise to reflected waves which in turn create discontinuities in the observed signal at the measurement section. The timing of the reflected damp wave and the magnitude represent the location and the size of the leak, respectively. An analytical expression is derived based on the Method Of Characteristic （MOC） for the relationship between the leakage and the reflected magnitude. The leak detection procedure based on the method is also given. Then the reliability of the method is tested on numerically simulated pressure signals and experimental pressure signals with calibrated leak parameters, and the results indicate a successful application and the promising features of the method.