目的分析不同背包类型和载荷对大学生上楼梯行走时运动学和足底压力的影响,为大学生选择合适的背包及携带方式提供参考。方法采用Nokov红外光点运动捕捉系统和Podomed足底压力测试系统分析15名男大学生上楼梯支撑期内躯干和下肢关节活...目的分析不同背包类型和载荷对大学生上楼梯行走时运动学和足底压力的影响,为大学生选择合适的背包及携带方式提供参考。方法采用Nokov红外光点运动捕捉系统和Podomed足底压力测试系统分析15名男大学生上楼梯支撑期内躯干和下肢关节活动范围、峰值时刻下肢运动学参数、足底各分区压力峰值、接触时间、全足最大压强、平均压强等参数的差异。结果5%BW和10%BW背包载荷会减小躯干旋转活动范围(range of motion,ROM),增加踝关节屈伸和内外翻ROM,10%BW背包载荷下足底第1、3跖骨压力峰值和全足最大压强提升(P<0.05)。单肩包和手提包减小躯干侧倾和旋转ROM,增大了踝关节屈伸ROM、髋关节屈曲角、足弓和足跟内侧压力峰值(P<0.05)。双肩包负重增加足趾区的压力峰值(P<0.05)。结论楼梯行走时,5%BW和10%BW背包载荷均会限制躯干旋转,增加踝关节ROM,10%BW载荷还会增加足跖区的负荷。单侧负重模式会使躯干向未负重侧倾斜以及向负重侧旋转。携带双肩包时足趾处的压力较高,而单肩包和手提包主要集中增加足弓和足跟内侧压力。建议大学生群体选择对称性背包方案,同时合理分配背包重量避免导致足跖区的损伤。展开更多
This study accesses the effects of shoe heel heights on loading, muscle activity, and plantar foot pressure of trans-tibial amputees during standing. Five male subjects with unilateral trans-tibial amputation voluntee...This study accesses the effects of shoe heel heights on loading, muscle activity, and plantar foot pressure of trans-tibial amputees during standing. Five male subjects with unilateral trans-tibial amputation volunteered to participate in this study. Three pairs of shoes with zero, 20 mm, and 40 mm heel heights were used. The loading line of the prosthetic side, the plantar foot pressure, and the surface electromyography （EMG） of 10 muscles were simultaneously recorded. With increasing shoe heel heights during standing, the loading line of the prosthetic side shifted from the anterior to the posterior side of the knee center, the peak pressure was increased in the medial forefoot region, and the peak pressure was reduced in the heel region. The EMG of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius of the sound leg almost doubled and that of the rectus fomris, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis of the prosthetic side increased to different extents with in- creasing heel heights from zero to 40 mm. These results show a high correlation with human physical be- havior. Changing of the heel heights for trans-tibial amputees during standing actually had similar effects to altering the prosthetic sagittal alignment. The results suggest that an alignment change is necessary to accommodate heel height changes and that prosthesis users should be cautious when choosing shoes.展开更多
文摘目的分析不同背包类型和载荷对大学生上楼梯行走时运动学和足底压力的影响,为大学生选择合适的背包及携带方式提供参考。方法采用Nokov红外光点运动捕捉系统和Podomed足底压力测试系统分析15名男大学生上楼梯支撑期内躯干和下肢关节活动范围、峰值时刻下肢运动学参数、足底各分区压力峰值、接触时间、全足最大压强、平均压强等参数的差异。结果5%BW和10%BW背包载荷会减小躯干旋转活动范围(range of motion,ROM),增加踝关节屈伸和内外翻ROM,10%BW背包载荷下足底第1、3跖骨压力峰值和全足最大压强提升(P<0.05)。单肩包和手提包减小躯干侧倾和旋转ROM,增大了踝关节屈伸ROM、髋关节屈曲角、足弓和足跟内侧压力峰值(P<0.05)。双肩包负重增加足趾区的压力峰值(P<0.05)。结论楼梯行走时,5%BW和10%BW背包载荷均会限制躯干旋转,增加踝关节ROM,10%BW载荷还会增加足跖区的负荷。单侧负重模式会使躯干向未负重侧倾斜以及向负重侧旋转。携带双肩包时足趾处的压力较高,而单肩包和手提包主要集中增加足弓和足跟内侧压力。建议大学生群体选择对称性背包方案,同时合理分配背包重量避免导致足跖区的损伤。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 50575122)
文摘This study accesses the effects of shoe heel heights on loading, muscle activity, and plantar foot pressure of trans-tibial amputees during standing. Five male subjects with unilateral trans-tibial amputation volunteered to participate in this study. Three pairs of shoes with zero, 20 mm, and 40 mm heel heights were used. The loading line of the prosthetic side, the plantar foot pressure, and the surface electromyography （EMG） of 10 muscles were simultaneously recorded. With increasing shoe heel heights during standing, the loading line of the prosthetic side shifted from the anterior to the posterior side of the knee center, the peak pressure was increased in the medial forefoot region, and the peak pressure was reduced in the heel region. The EMG of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius of the sound leg almost doubled and that of the rectus fomris, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis of the prosthetic side increased to different extents with in- creasing heel heights from zero to 40 mm. These results show a high correlation with human physical be- havior. Changing of the heel heights for trans-tibial amputees during standing actually had similar effects to altering the prosthetic sagittal alignment. The results suggest that an alignment change is necessary to accommodate heel height changes and that prosthesis users should be cautious when choosing shoes.
