Overview coking plant & Lurgi gasifier plant waste water treatment

The paper described the coking plant and Lurgi gasifier plant waste water types and characteristics , comparing the COD and ammonia-N level in different source of waste water in the plant.The currently maturity coking plant waste water treatment method was statement in the paper and analyzed the pros and cons of each method.The primary cost analysis of each type of waste water treatment was also completed in the paper.According to these analyses , recommendation was prepared for coking plant and Lurgi gasifier plant waste water treatment.

HVAC Design Strategies for Municipal Waste Incineration Power Plants

In recent years,relevant government departments have achieved the goal of reduction and harmless application through the development and implementation of municipal waste incineration power plants,in order to advocate ecological and environmental protection.At present,in order to further achieve the goal of sustainable development,municipal waste incineration power plants have actively responded to the national call and requirements as well as made overall arrangements for the energy-saving design and optimization design of their internal system.Therefore,with the concept of sustainable development,this paper studies and analyzes the problems of the HVAC design as well as suggests related strategies for municipal waste incineration power plants in order to provide relevant reference.

Characterization of odorous charge and photochemical reactivity of VOC emissions from a full-scale food waste treatment plant in China

Food waste treatment plants （FWTPs） are usually associated with odorous nuisance and health risks, which are partially caused by volatile organic compound （VOC） emissions. This study investigated the VOC emissions from a selected full-scale FWTP in China. The feedstock used in this plant was mainly collected from local restaurants. For a year, the FWTP was closely monitored on specific days in each season. Four major indoor treatment units of the plant, including the storage room, sorting/crushing room, hydrothermal hydrolysis unit, and aerobic fermentation unit, were chosen as the monitoring locations. The highest mean concentration of total VOC emissions was observed in the aerobic fermentation unit at 21,748.2-31,283.3 μg/m^3, followed by the hydrothermal hydrolysis unit at 10,798.1-23,144.4 μg/m^3. The detected VOC families included biogenic compounds （oxygenated compounds, hydrocarbons, terpenes, and organosulfur compounds） and abiogenic compounds （aromatic hydrocarbons and halocarbons）. Oxygenated compounds, particularly alcohols, were the most abundant compounds in all samples. With the use of odor index analysis and principal components analysis, the hydrothermal hydrolysis and aerobic fermentation units were clearly distinguished from the pre-treatment units, as characterized by their higher contributions to odorous nuisance. Methanthiol was the dominant odorant in the hydrothermal hydrolysis unit, whereas aldehyde was the dominant odorant in the aerobic fermentation unit. Terpenes, specifically limonene, had the highest level of propylene equivalent concentration during the monitoring periods. This concentration can contribute to the increase in the atmospheric reactivity and ozone formation potential in the surrounding air.

Occurrence,distribution,and potential influencing factors of sewage sludge components derived from nine full-scale wastewater treatment plants of Beijing,China

Millions of tons of waste activated sludge（WAS） produced from biological wastewater treatment processes cause severe adverse environmental consequences. A better understanding of WAS composition is thus very critical for sustainable sludge management. In this work, the occurrence and distribution of several fundamental sludge constituents were explored in WAS samples from nine full-scale wastewater treatment plants（WWTPs） of Beijing, China. Among all the components investigated, active heterotrophic biomass was dominant in the samples（up to 9478 mg/L）, followed by endogenous residues（6736 mg/L）,extracellular polymeric substances（2088 mg/L）, and intracellular storage products（464 mg/L）among others. Moreover, significant differences（p 〈 0.05） were observed in composition profiles of sludge samples among the studied WWTPs. To identify the potential parameters affecting the variable fractions of sludge components, wastewater source as well as design and operational parameters of WWTPs were studied using statistical methods. The findings indicated that the component fraction of sewage sludge depends more on wastewater treatment alternatives than on wastewater characteristics among other parameters. A principal component analysis was conducted, which further indicated that there was a greater proportion of residual inert biomass in the sludge produced by the combined system of the conventional anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process and a membrane bioreactor. Additionally, a much longer solids retention time was also found to influence the sludge composition and induce an increase in both endogenous inert residues and extracellular polymeric substances in the sludge.

A new complex plant for carbonization and composting of municipal wastes

A new complex plant for carbonization and composting of municipal wastes proposed for Gero City is introduced. The separated combustible waste and non-separated combustible waste are carbonized in two fluidized carbonization furnaces in the plant, and the coke produced is used in steelworks. The separated garbage and forest-wastes are mixed with dried septic-tank sludge to produce high quality compost for farms. This use of waste materials in the complex plant considerably lowers the amount of waste going to land-fills, and in addition, creates lower total emission of dioxins and carbon dioxide into the environment.

Bio-refinery of plant drinks press cake permeate using ultrafiltration and lactobacillus fermentation into antimicrobials and its effect on the growth of wheatgrass in vivo

For sustainable plant drinks production,the biorefinery concept of obtained press cakes(PC)using ultrasonication,mechanical separation,and ultra-filtration was designed in Fraunhofer UMSICHT(Germany).In this study obtained permeates,as wastes after ultrafiltration of PC(soyabeans,almonds,coconut,oats,and rice)were analyzed and their bio-stimulatory effect on the growth of wheatgrass in vivo was investigated.Permeates with higher soluble protein content(soy,almonds,and coconut)resulted in a significant increase in germination parameters(germination percentage(GP),length of stem and root as well as biomass of stem and root increased on averge by 8.3%,15.8%,9.2%,2.22 times and 1.8 times,respectively)compared to the control treatment.Additionally,the fermentation using antimicrobial lactic acid bacteria(LAB)strains(Lactobacillus brevis LUHS173,Pediococcus acidilactici LUHS236 and Lactobacillus farraginis LUHS206)was applied for bio-treatment of permeates.The efficiency of fermentation process was evaluated on the changes of pH,TTA,LAB growth kinetics and lactic acid and its isomers production.Furthermore,the antifungal activity of selected fermented products against fungi(Fusarium graminearum F,F.graminearum,and F.culmorum)was determined.It was found that the highest antifungal activity(18.0 mm and 16.5 mm,respectively)was obtained by 48 h fermentation of permeates from grain press cake(oats and rice),containing the most reducing saccharides,and they significantly improved the germination of contaminated grains.Innovations in the sustainable production of plant-origin drinks enable to implementation of new,environmentally friendly technologies in food sector.