Context: Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent. (Moraceae), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, has been extensively applied for many years to treat various diseases. Its fruits (Fructus Broussonetiae) have been commonl...Context: Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent. (Moraceae), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, has been extensively applied for many years to treat various diseases. Its fruits (Fructus Broussonetiae) have been commonly used as an important tonic for the treatment of age-related disorders with long history;recent research has proved that it contains 32% to 35% fixed oils. The fixed oil is composed mainly of unsaturated fatty acids, including linoleic acid, methyl palmitate, oleic acid and linoleic acid ester. Objective: To investigate the chemistry of the fatty oil from Fructus Broussonetiae (FOFB) and its effects on plasma lipids. Methods: The chemical composition of FOFB was examined and identified by GC-MS. Thirty male Wistar rats fed diet containing FOFB and cholesterol were studied for 28 days. The effect of dietary FOFB on plasma lipids and adipose tissue was tested. Results: Twelve compounds of FOFB were examined and identified, the major components of fatty oil, 8,11-octadecadienoic acid (83.75%), palmitic acid (10.22%), octadecadienoic acid (2.97%) and 9-octadecenoic acid (1.69%) were found. FOFB significantly exhibited the activities of decreasing the rat adipose tissue weight, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations while the rat body weight remained unchanged. Discussion: FOFB contained a large amount of PUFA which had the effect on reducing plasma lipids and adipose.展开更多
Objective: Dementia is the fourth most common cause of death in developed countries. The relationship between plasma lipids and cognitive function is complex and controversial. Due to the increasing life expectancy o...Objective: Dementia is the fourth most common cause of death in developed countries. The relationship between plasma lipids and cognitive function is complex and controversial. Due to the increasing life expectancy of the population, there is an urgent need to control vascular risk factors and to identify therapies to prevent and treat both cognitive impairment and dementia. Here, we reviewed the eff'ects of plasma lipids and statins on cognitive function. Data Sources: We searched the PubMed database for research articles published through November 2017 with key words including "plasma lipids," "hyperlipidemia," "hypercholesterolemia," "statins," and "cognition function." Study Selection: Articles were retrieved and reviewed to analyze the effects of plasma lipids and statins on cognitive function and the mechanisms underlying these effects. Results: Many studies have examined the relationship between plasma lipids and cognitive function, but no definitive conclusions can be drawn. The mechanisms involved may include blood-brain barrier injury, the influence on small blood vessels in the brain, the influence on amyloid deposition, and a neuroprotective effect. To date, most studies of statins and cognition have been observational, with few randomized controlled trials. Therefore, finn conclusions regarding whether mid- or long-term statin use affects cognition function and dementia remain elusive. However, increasing concern exists that statins may be a causative factor for cognitive problems. These adverse eff'ects appear to be rare and likely represent a yet-to-be-defined vulnerability in susceptible individuals. Conclusions: The association between plasma lipids and cognition, the mechanism of the influence of plasma lipids on cognitive function, and the association between statins and cognitive function are complex issues and currently not fully understood. Future research aimed at identifying the mechanisms that underlie the effects of plasma lipids and statins on cognition will not only provide important insight into the causes and interdependencies of cognitive impairment and dementia, but also inspire novel strategies for treating and preventing these cognitive disorders.展开更多
The association between dyslipidemia and elevated fasting glucose in type 2 diabetes is well known. In non-diabetes, whether this association still exists, and whether dyslipidemia is an independent risk factor for hi...The association between dyslipidemia and elevated fasting glucose in type 2 diabetes is well known. In non-diabetes, whether this association still exists, and whether dyslipidemia is an independent risk factor for high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels are not clear. This cross-sectional study recruited 3460 non-diabetic Chinese subjects (1027 men, and 2433 women, aged 35-75 years old) who participated in a health survey. Men and women were classified into tertiles by levels of plasma lipids respectively. In women, the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was decreased with increased HDL-C. A stepwise increase in HDL-C was associated with decreasing FPG levels (lowest tertiles, FPG: 5.376 ± 0.018; middle tertiles, 5.324± 0.018; highest tertiles, 5.276±0.018mmol/L; P = 0.001). Reversely, FPG levels increased from lowest tertiles to highest tertiles of LDL-C, TC, and TG. we found that women in the first tertile with lower HDL-C level had a 1.75-fold increase in risk of IFG compared with non-diabetic women in the third tertile with higher HDL-C level (OR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.20-2.56). In men, no significant association was found. We took age, BMI, waist/hip ratio, education, smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical exercise as adjusted variables. In Chinese non-diabetic women, dyslipidemia is independently associated with high levels of FPG; TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C are predictors of IFG independent of BMI and waist/hip ratio.展开更多
BACKGROUND: A significant relationship exists among food intake and nutritional status and cholelithiasis, including gallstone and hepatolithiasis. Leptin is associated with obesity. This study was to investigate the ...BACKGROUND: A significant relationship exists among food intake and nutritional status and cholelithiasis, including gallstone and hepatolithiasis. Leptin is associated with obesity. This study was to investigate the differences in serum leptin levels in patients with gallstone and hepatolithiasis and to evaluate the relationships among leptin, cholecystokinin (CCK), lipid and lipoprotein concentrations. METHODS: Body mass index (BMI), serum leptin, CCK, insulin, lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, and liver function were measured in 382 patients with gallstone (GS group), 83 patients with hepatolithiasis (HS group) and 30 healthy controls (control group). The values of these indices were compared among the groups. In each group, Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient among these indices were evaluated. RESULTS: There were notable differences in serum leptin, CCK, total cholesterol, total triglycerides, apolipoprotein-a (APO-a), globulin, direct reacting bilirubin, and BMI between the GS and HS groups (P<0.05). Positive correlations between serum leptin and BMI, CCK, total cholesterol, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), aminotransferase, and insulin were found in the GS group (P<0.05). Positive correlations were observed between serum leptin and CCK, bilirubin, aminotransferase, GGT, in the HS group (P<0.05), but negative correlations between serum leptin and albumin or APO-a (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Leptin participates in modulating lipid metabolism. There are notable differences in leptin, serum lipid, and CCK between patients with gallstone and those with hepatolithiasis. The role of leptin in the pathophysiological course of cholelithiasis needs further investigation.展开更多
Objective Assessment of the comprehensive relationship among apolipoprotein CIII(apoCⅢ) levels, inflammation, and metabolic disorders is rare. Methods A total of 1455 consecutive patients not treated with lipid-low...Objective Assessment of the comprehensive relationship among apolipoprotein CIII(apoCⅢ) levels, inflammation, and metabolic disorders is rare. Methods A total of 1455 consecutive patients not treated with lipid-lowering drugs and undergoing coronary angiography were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. A mediation analysis was used to detect the underlying role of apoCⅢ in the association of inflammation with metabolic syndrome(MetS). Results Patients with MetS showed higher levels of apoCⅢ [95.1(73.1-131.4) vs. 81.7(58.6-112.4) μg/mL, P 〈 0.001] and inflammatory markers [high sensitivity C-reactive protein, 1.7(0.8-3.4) vs. 1.1(0.5-2.2) mg/L; white blood cell count,(6.48 ± 1.68) vs.(6.11 ± 1.67) × 10~9/L]. The levels of apoCⅢ and inflammatory markers increased with the number of metabolic risk components(all P 〈 0.001). Furthermore, apoCⅢ levels were associated with virtually all individual MetS risk factors and inflammatory markers(all P 〈 0.05). Importantly, the prevalence of MetS in each metabolic disorder rose as apoCⅢ levels increased(all P 〈 0.05). Mediation analysis showed that apoCⅢ partially mediated the effect of inflammation on MetS independently from triglycerides. Conclusion Plasma apoCⅢ levels were significantly associated with the development and severity of MetS, and a role of apoCⅢ in the effect of inflammation on the development of MetS was identified.展开更多
Objective. To observe the clinical efficacy and mechanism of Zhuyu Tongfu (逐瘀通腑, ZYTF) Serial Recipe combined with acupuncture and massotherapy in treating hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage (HCH). Methods: One...Objective. To observe the clinical efficacy and mechanism of Zhuyu Tongfu (逐瘀通腑, ZYTF) Serial Recipe combined with acupuncture and massotherapy in treating hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage (HCH). Methods: One hundred and eighteen patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, on the basis of conventional Western medicine treatment, were randomly divided into ZYTF combined with acupuncture and massotherapy group (treated group) and simple Western medicine group (control group) ; the clinical efficacy, neurofunction deficit scoring (NDS) alterations and hematoma absorption rate of both groups were observed, and also the plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, plasma lipid peroxidase (LPO) content, erythrocyte glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, hematocrit (Ht) and the whole blood viscosity (Va) change were also observed. Results: In the treated group, the clinical efficacy, NDS improvement and hematoma absorption rate were superior to that of the control group; comparison between the two groups after treatment showed that plasma SOD activity and GSH-Px activity got more elevated and plasma LPO content, Ht and Va more lowered in the the treated group than those in the control group. Cenclusien: ZYTF combined with acupuncture and massotherapy has better effect, its therapeutic mechanism was possibly correlated to the elevation of plasma SOD activity, GSH-Px activity and lowering of plasma LPO content, Ht and Va.展开更多
It has been recognized that ginseng has anti-diabetic effects in skeletal muscle,but the mechanism has not been intensively investigated.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Korean red ginseng(Panax...It has been recognized that ginseng has anti-diabetic effects in skeletal muscle,but the mechanism has not been intensively investigated.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Korean red ginseng(Panax ginseng) supplementation on muscle glucose uptake in high-fat fed rats.Sixteen rats were randomly divided into two groups: a control group(CON,n=8) and a Korean red ginseng group(KRG,n=8).The KRG group ingested RG extract(1 g·kg 1,6 days/week) mixed in water for two weeks.After the two-week treatment,plasma lipid profiles,and glucose and insulin concentrations were measured.The triglyceride(TG) and glucose transporter 4(GLUT-4) contents were measured in the skeletal muscle and liver.The rate of glucose transport was determined under a submaximal insulin concentration during muscle incubation.Plasma FFA concentrations were significantly decreased in KRG(P<0.05).Liver and muscle triglyceride concentrations were also decreased in the KRG treatment group(P<0.05) compared to the CON group.In addition,resting plasma insulin and glucose levels were significantly lower after Korean red ginseng treatment(P<0.05).However,muscle glucose uptake was not affected by Korean red ginseng treatment,as evidenced by the rate of glucose transport in the epitorchealis muscle under submaximal insulin concentrations.These results suggest that while KRG supplementation could improve whole body insulin resistance and plasma lipid profiles,it is unlikely to have an effect on the insulin resistance of skeletal muscle,which is the major tissue responsible for plasma glucose handling.展开更多
文摘Context: Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent. (Moraceae), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, has been extensively applied for many years to treat various diseases. Its fruits (Fructus Broussonetiae) have been commonly used as an important tonic for the treatment of age-related disorders with long history;recent research has proved that it contains 32% to 35% fixed oils. The fixed oil is composed mainly of unsaturated fatty acids, including linoleic acid, methyl palmitate, oleic acid and linoleic acid ester. Objective: To investigate the chemistry of the fatty oil from Fructus Broussonetiae (FOFB) and its effects on plasma lipids. Methods: The chemical composition of FOFB was examined and identified by GC-MS. Thirty male Wistar rats fed diet containing FOFB and cholesterol were studied for 28 days. The effect of dietary FOFB on plasma lipids and adipose tissue was tested. Results: Twelve compounds of FOFB were examined and identified, the major components of fatty oil, 8,11-octadecadienoic acid (83.75%), palmitic acid (10.22%), octadecadienoic acid (2.97%) and 9-octadecenoic acid (1.69%) were found. FOFB significantly exhibited the activities of decreasing the rat adipose tissue weight, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations while the rat body weight remained unchanged. Discussion: FOFB contained a large amount of PUFA which had the effect on reducing plasma lipids and adipose.
文摘Objective: Dementia is the fourth most common cause of death in developed countries. The relationship between plasma lipids and cognitive function is complex and controversial. Due to the increasing life expectancy of the population, there is an urgent need to control vascular risk factors and to identify therapies to prevent and treat both cognitive impairment and dementia. Here, we reviewed the eff'ects of plasma lipids and statins on cognitive function. Data Sources: We searched the PubMed database for research articles published through November 2017 with key words including "plasma lipids," "hyperlipidemia," "hypercholesterolemia," "statins," and "cognition function." Study Selection: Articles were retrieved and reviewed to analyze the effects of plasma lipids and statins on cognitive function and the mechanisms underlying these effects. Results: Many studies have examined the relationship between plasma lipids and cognitive function, but no definitive conclusions can be drawn. The mechanisms involved may include blood-brain barrier injury, the influence on small blood vessels in the brain, the influence on amyloid deposition, and a neuroprotective effect. To date, most studies of statins and cognition have been observational, with few randomized controlled trials. Therefore, finn conclusions regarding whether mid- or long-term statin use affects cognition function and dementia remain elusive. However, increasing concern exists that statins may be a causative factor for cognitive problems. These adverse eff'ects appear to be rare and likely represent a yet-to-be-defined vulnerability in susceptible individuals. Conclusions: The association between plasma lipids and cognition, the mechanism of the influence of plasma lipids on cognitive function, and the association between statins and cognitive function are complex issues and currently not fully understood. Future research aimed at identifying the mechanisms that underlie the effects of plasma lipids and statins on cognition will not only provide important insight into the causes and interdependencies of cognitive impairment and dementia, but also inspire novel strategies for treating and preventing these cognitive disorders.
文摘The association between dyslipidemia and elevated fasting glucose in type 2 diabetes is well known. In non-diabetes, whether this association still exists, and whether dyslipidemia is an independent risk factor for high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels are not clear. This cross-sectional study recruited 3460 non-diabetic Chinese subjects (1027 men, and 2433 women, aged 35-75 years old) who participated in a health survey. Men and women were classified into tertiles by levels of plasma lipids respectively. In women, the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was decreased with increased HDL-C. A stepwise increase in HDL-C was associated with decreasing FPG levels (lowest tertiles, FPG: 5.376 ± 0.018; middle tertiles, 5.324± 0.018; highest tertiles, 5.276±0.018mmol/L; P = 0.001). Reversely, FPG levels increased from lowest tertiles to highest tertiles of LDL-C, TC, and TG. we found that women in the first tertile with lower HDL-C level had a 1.75-fold increase in risk of IFG compared with non-diabetic women in the third tertile with higher HDL-C level (OR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.20-2.56). In men, no significant association was found. We took age, BMI, waist/hip ratio, education, smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical exercise as adjusted variables. In Chinese non-diabetic women, dyslipidemia is independently associated with high levels of FPG; TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C are predictors of IFG independent of BMI and waist/hip ratio.
基金a grant from the Science Study Fund of the Department of Education, Sichuan Province, China (2003A060).
文摘BACKGROUND: A significant relationship exists among food intake and nutritional status and cholelithiasis, including gallstone and hepatolithiasis. Leptin is associated with obesity. This study was to investigate the differences in serum leptin levels in patients with gallstone and hepatolithiasis and to evaluate the relationships among leptin, cholecystokinin (CCK), lipid and lipoprotein concentrations. METHODS: Body mass index (BMI), serum leptin, CCK, insulin, lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, and liver function were measured in 382 patients with gallstone (GS group), 83 patients with hepatolithiasis (HS group) and 30 healthy controls (control group). The values of these indices were compared among the groups. In each group, Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient among these indices were evaluated. RESULTS: There were notable differences in serum leptin, CCK, total cholesterol, total triglycerides, apolipoprotein-a (APO-a), globulin, direct reacting bilirubin, and BMI between the GS and HS groups (P<0.05). Positive correlations between serum leptin and BMI, CCK, total cholesterol, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), aminotransferase, and insulin were found in the GS group (P<0.05). Positive correlations were observed between serum leptin and CCK, bilirubin, aminotransferase, GGT, in the HS group (P<0.05), but negative correlations between serum leptin and albumin or APO-a (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Leptin participates in modulating lipid metabolism. There are notable differences in leptin, serum lipid, and CCK between patients with gallstone and those with hepatolithiasis. The role of leptin in the pathophysiological course of cholelithiasis needs further investigation.
基金partially supported by the Capital Special Foundation of Clinical Application Research(Z121107001012015)the Capital Health Development Fund(2011400302,201614035)+1 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(7131014)CAMS Major Collaborative Innovation Project(2016-I2M-1-011)
文摘Objective Assessment of the comprehensive relationship among apolipoprotein CIII(apoCⅢ) levels, inflammation, and metabolic disorders is rare. Methods A total of 1455 consecutive patients not treated with lipid-lowering drugs and undergoing coronary angiography were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. A mediation analysis was used to detect the underlying role of apoCⅢ in the association of inflammation with metabolic syndrome(MetS). Results Patients with MetS showed higher levels of apoCⅢ [95.1(73.1-131.4) vs. 81.7(58.6-112.4) μg/mL, P 〈 0.001] and inflammatory markers [high sensitivity C-reactive protein, 1.7(0.8-3.4) vs. 1.1(0.5-2.2) mg/L; white blood cell count,(6.48 ± 1.68) vs.(6.11 ± 1.67) × 10~9/L]. The levels of apoCⅢ and inflammatory markers increased with the number of metabolic risk components(all P 〈 0.001). Furthermore, apoCⅢ levels were associated with virtually all individual MetS risk factors and inflammatory markers(all P 〈 0.05). Importantly, the prevalence of MetS in each metabolic disorder rose as apoCⅢ levels increased(all P 〈 0.05). Mediation analysis showed that apoCⅢ partially mediated the effect of inflammation on MetS independently from triglycerides. Conclusion Plasma apoCⅢ levels were significantly associated with the development and severity of MetS, and a role of apoCⅢ in the effect of inflammation on the development of MetS was identified.
文摘Objective. To observe the clinical efficacy and mechanism of Zhuyu Tongfu (逐瘀通腑, ZYTF) Serial Recipe combined with acupuncture and massotherapy in treating hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage (HCH). Methods: One hundred and eighteen patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, on the basis of conventional Western medicine treatment, were randomly divided into ZYTF combined with acupuncture and massotherapy group (treated group) and simple Western medicine group (control group) ; the clinical efficacy, neurofunction deficit scoring (NDS) alterations and hematoma absorption rate of both groups were observed, and also the plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, plasma lipid peroxidase (LPO) content, erythrocyte glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, hematocrit (Ht) and the whole blood viscosity (Va) change were also observed. Results: In the treated group, the clinical efficacy, NDS improvement and hematoma absorption rate were superior to that of the control group; comparison between the two groups after treatment showed that plasma SOD activity and GSH-Px activity got more elevated and plasma LPO content, Ht and Va more lowered in the the treated group than those in the control group. Cenclusien: ZYTF combined with acupuncture and massotherapy has better effect, its therapeutic mechanism was possibly correlated to the elevation of plasma SOD activity, GSH-Px activity and lowering of plasma LPO content, Ht and Va.
基金supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government(No.NRF-2011-35C-G00274)
文摘It has been recognized that ginseng has anti-diabetic effects in skeletal muscle,but the mechanism has not been intensively investigated.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Korean red ginseng(Panax ginseng) supplementation on muscle glucose uptake in high-fat fed rats.Sixteen rats were randomly divided into two groups: a control group(CON,n=8) and a Korean red ginseng group(KRG,n=8).The KRG group ingested RG extract(1 g·kg 1,6 days/week) mixed in water for two weeks.After the two-week treatment,plasma lipid profiles,and glucose and insulin concentrations were measured.The triglyceride(TG) and glucose transporter 4(GLUT-4) contents were measured in the skeletal muscle and liver.The rate of glucose transport was determined under a submaximal insulin concentration during muscle incubation.Plasma FFA concentrations were significantly decreased in KRG(P<0.05).Liver and muscle triglyceride concentrations were also decreased in the KRG treatment group(P<0.05) compared to the CON group.In addition,resting plasma insulin and glucose levels were significantly lower after Korean red ginseng treatment(P<0.05).However,muscle glucose uptake was not affected by Korean red ginseng treatment,as evidenced by the rate of glucose transport in the epitorchealis muscle under submaximal insulin concentrations.These results suggest that while KRG supplementation could improve whole body insulin resistance and plasma lipid profiles,it is unlikely to have an effect on the insulin resistance of skeletal muscle,which is the major tissue responsible for plasma glucose handling.