Plasma metabolomics study of Buyang Huanwu Decoction improving learning andmemory in D-gal model mice based on GC-MS

Objective:To study the protective effect of Buyang Huanwu Decoction on the learning and memory ability of D-gal induced aging mice using GC-MS metabolomics method.Methods:Twenty-four three-month-old kunming animals were selected as experimental samples and randomly divided into control group,model group and Buyang Huanwu Decoction according to their body weight.The memory level of experimental animals was detected by novel body recognition test,and the neuron structure of experimental animals was detected by HE staining.The plasma of each group of experimental animals was quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,and the important metabolites and main metabolic pathways in the process of pathological changes were traced by using plasma metabolism.Results:In HE staining,compared with blank group,hippocampal neurons in model group were disordered and morphologically abnormal.Compared with the model group,the hippocampal neurons in Buyang Huanwu Decoction group arranged regularly and had normal morphology.Compared with blank group,the index of new object recognition in model group was significantly decreased(P<0.05);Compared with model group,the new object recognition index of Buyang Huanwu Decoction group was significantly increased(P<0.05).Five different metabolites of AD were identified by GC-MS,which were L-pyroglutamate,lysine,pyrophosphoric acid,creatinine andα-lactose.Conclusion:Buyang Huanwu Decoction has a significant effect on D-gal model mice,and can effectively improve their learning and memory level.The mechanism may be related to glutathione metabolism and aminophyl biosynthesis.

Effects of a blend of Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based direct-fed microbial and fermentation products on plasma carbonylmetabolome and fecal bacterial community of beef steers

Background:Previous studies have evaluated the metabolic status of animals fed direct-fed microbial(DFM)using enzyme-based assays which are time-consuming and limited to a few metabolites.In addition,little emphasis has been placed on investigating the effects of DFM on hindgut microbiota.We examined the effects of dietary supplementation of a blend of Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based DFM and fermentation products on the plasma concentrations of carbonyl-containing metabolites via a metabolomics approach,and fecal bacterial community,via 16S rRNA gene sequencing,of beef steers during a 42-day receiving period.Forty newly weaned steers were randomly assigned to receive a basal diet with no additive(CON;n=20)or a basal diet supplemented with 19 g of Commence™(PROB;n=20)for a 42-day period.Commence™(PMI,Arden Hills,MN)is a blend of 6.2×1011 cfu/g of S.cerevisiae,3.5×1010 cfu/g of a mixture of Enterococcus lactis,Bacillus subtilis,Enterococcus faecium,and Lactobacillus casei,and the fermentation products of these aforementioned microorganisms and those of Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus niger.On d 0 and 40,rectal fecal samples were collected randomly from 10 steers from each treatment group.On d 42,blood was collected for plasma preparation.Results:A total number of 812 plasma metabolites were detected.Up to 305 metabolites[fold change(FC)≥1.5,FDR≤0.01]including glucose,hippuric acid,and 5-hydroxykynurenamine were increased by PROB supplementation,whereas 199 metabolites(FC≤0.63,FDR≤0.01)including acetoacetate were reduced.Supplementation of PROB increased(P≤0.05)the relative abundance of Prevotellaceae UCG-003,Megasphaera,Dorea,Acetitomaculum,and Blautia.In contrast,the relative abundance of Elusimicrobium,Moheibacter,Stenotrophomonas,Comamonas,and uncultured bacterium belonging to family p-2534-18B5 gut group(phylum Bacteroidetes)were reduced(P≤0.05).Conclusions:The results of this study demonstrated that supplementation of PROB altered both the plasma carbonyl metabolome towards increased glucose concentration suggesting an improved energy status,and fecal bacterial community,suggesting an increased hindgut fermentation of the beef steers.

Cross-sectional network analysis of plasma proteins/metabolites correlated with pathogenesis and therapeutic response in acute promyelocytic leukemia

The treatment of PML/RARA+acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL)with all-trans-retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide(ATRA/ATO)has been recognized as a model for translational medicine research.Though an altered microenvironment is a general cancer hallmark,how APL blasts shape their plasma composition is poorly understood.Here,we reported a cross-sectional correlation network to interpret multilayered datasets on clinical parameters,proteomes,and metabolomes of paired plasma samples from patients with APL before or after ATRA/ATO induction therapy.Our study revealed the two prominent features of the APL plasma,suggesting a possible involvement of APL blasts in modulating plasma composition.One was characterized by altered secretory protein and metabolite profiles correlating with heightened proliferation and energy consumption in APL blasts,and the other featured APL plasma-enriched proteins or enzymes catalyzing plasma-altered metabolites that were potential trans-regulatory targets of PML/RARA.Furthermore,results indicated heightened interferon-gamma signaling characterizing a tumor-suppressing function of the immune system at the first hematological complete remission stage,which likely resulted from therapy-induced cell death or senescence and ensuing supraphysiological levels of intracellular proteins.Overall,our work sheds new light on the pathophysiology and treatment of APL and provides an information-rich reference data cohort for the exploratory and translational study of leukemia microenvironment.

Integrated multi-omics reveals the relationship between growth performance,rumen microbes and metabolic status of Hu sheep with different residual feed intakes

Residual feed intake(RFI)is a metric that provides a more accurate measure of feed efficiency.The lower the RFI,the higher the feed efficiency.The changes in the host microbiome and metabolome contribute to the greater feed efficiency of low RFI(LRFI)animals.The aim of this study was to explore the differences in rumen microorganisms,rumen metabolites and plasma metabolites of Hu sheep with differing RFI through the microbiome and metabolome.A total of 80 Hu sheep were used.The experiment consisted of a 15-d pretrial period and a 128-d experimental period.The RFI in the experimental period was calculated for all sheep,and the sheep were screened into high RFI(HRFI,n=8)and LRFI(n=8)groups.The HRFI and LRFI sheep did not differ in their initial and final body weights,average daily gain and body measurements,but the dry matter intake of LRFI sheep was significantly decreased(28.4%,P<0.001).The sheep with LRFI had higher digestibility of crude protein(P=0.010)and ether extract(P=0.010)compared to HRFI group.The concentrations of acetate(P=0.036),propionate(P=0.010),valerate(P=0.027)and total volatile fatty acids(P=0.048)in rumen of LRFI group were higher compared to HRFI group.The results of 16S rDNA sequencing indicated that the sheep with LRFI had higher proportions of Prevotella genus in rumen liquid(P=0.031).The rumen metabolome and plasma metabolome results showed that the citrate cycle,pyruvate metabolism and alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism processes were more active for sheep in LRFI group,which provided more energy substrate such as malic acid,oxoglutaric acid and citric acid.In conclusion,sheep with LRFI can utilize feed more efficiently,and the more active energy metabolism pathway and the production of energy substances may account for the higher feed efficiency.