Filament-and plasma-grating-induced breakdown spectroscopy(F-GIBS)was demonstrated as an efficient technique for sensitive detection of metals in water,where plasma gratings were established through synchronized nonli...Filament-and plasma-grating-induced breakdown spectroscopy(F-GIBS)was demonstrated as an efficient technique for sensitive detection of metals in water,where plasma gratings were established through synchronized nonlinear interaction of two noncollinear filaments and an additional filament was generated with another fs laser beam propagating along their bisector.A water jet was constructed vertically to the three coplanar filaments,overcoming side effects from violent plasma explosion and bubble generation.Three distinct regimes of different mechanisms were validated for nonlinear couplings of the third filament with plasma gratings.As the third filament was temporally overlapped with the two noncollinear filaments in the interaction zone,all the three filaments participated in synchronous nonlinear interaction and plasma grating structures were altered by the addition of the third filament.As the third filament was positively or negatively delayed,the as-formed plasma gratings were elongated by the delayed third filament,or plasma gratings were formed in the presence of plasma expansion of the ahead third filament,respectively.Using F-GIBS for trace metal detection in water,significant spectral line enhancements were observed.展开更多
基金sponsored by Shanghai Rising-Star Program(Grant No.22QC1401000)the National Defense Administration of Science,Technology and Industry(Grant No.HTKJ2021KL504014)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2018YFB0504400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11621404,11727812,and 62035005)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2019SHZDZX01-ZX05).
文摘Filament-and plasma-grating-induced breakdown spectroscopy(F-GIBS)was demonstrated as an efficient technique for sensitive detection of metals in water,where plasma gratings were established through synchronized nonlinear interaction of two noncollinear filaments and an additional filament was generated with another fs laser beam propagating along their bisector.A water jet was constructed vertically to the three coplanar filaments,overcoming side effects from violent plasma explosion and bubble generation.Three distinct regimes of different mechanisms were validated for nonlinear couplings of the third filament with plasma gratings.As the third filament was temporally overlapped with the two noncollinear filaments in the interaction zone,all the three filaments participated in synchronous nonlinear interaction and plasma grating structures were altered by the addition of the third filament.As the third filament was positively or negatively delayed,the as-formed plasma gratings were elongated by the delayed third filament,or plasma gratings were formed in the presence of plasma expansion of the ahead third filament,respectively.Using F-GIBS for trace metal detection in water,significant spectral line enhancements were observed.
