Diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for small bowel vascular lesions

Small bowel vascular lesions, including angioectasia (AE), Dieulafoy’s lesion (DL) and arteriovenous malformation (AVM), are the most common causes of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Since AE are considered to be venous lesions, they usually manifest as a chronic, well-compensated condition. Subsequent to video capsule endoscopy, deep enteroscopy can be applied to control active bleeding or to improve anemia necessitating blood transfusion. Despite the initial treatment efficacy of argon plasma coagulation (APC), many patients experience re-bleeding, probably because of recurrent or missed AEs. Pharmacological treatments can be considered for patients who have not responded well to other types of treatment or in whom endoscopy is contraindicated. Meanwhile, a conservative approach with iron supplementation remains an option for patients with mild anemia. DL and AVM are considered to be arterial lesions;therefore, these lesions frequently cause acute life-threatening hemorrhage. Mechanical hemostasis using endoclips is recommended to treat DLs, considering the high re-bleeding rate after primary APC cauterization. Meanwhile, most small bowel AVMs are large and susceptible to re-bleeding therefore, they usually require surgical resection. To achieve optimal diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for each type of small bowel lesion, the differences in their epidemiology, pathology and clinical presentation must be understood.

Tudor and its domains: germ cell formation from a Tudor perspective

In many metazoan species, germ cell formation requires the germ plasm, a specialized cytoplasm which often con-tains electron dense structures. Genes required for germ cell formation in Drosophila have been isolated predominantlyin screens for maternal-effect mutations. One such gene is tudor (tud); without proper tud function germ cell formationdoes not occur. Unlike other genes involved in Drosophila germ cell specification tud is dispensable for other somaticfunctions such as abdominal patterning. It is not known how TUD contributes at a molecular level to germ cell forma-tion but in tud mutants, polar granule formation is severely compromised, and mitochondrially encoded ribosomal RNAsdo not localize to the polar granule. TUD is composed of 11 repeats of the protein motif called the Tudor domain. Thereare similar proteins to TUD in the germ line of other metazoan species including mice. Probable vertebrate orthologuesof Drosophila genes involved in germ cell specification will be discussed.

Influence of obesity on localized prostate cancer patients Ireated with radical prostatectomy

This study aimed to investigate the association between different anthropometric measures of obesity and clinicopathological characteristics in Chinese patients with clinically localized prostate cancer （PCa）. A total of 734 patients with clinically localized PCa who underwent radical prostatectomy （RP） were included in this study. Clinical and pathological data from each patient were collected. Anthropometric measures of abdominal adiposity were measured from T2-weighted sagittal Iocalisation images from magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） for 413 （56.3%） patients. Patient clinical and pathological characteristics were compared across body mass index （BMI） groups. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to address the influence of the preoperative total testosterone level and anthropometric measures of obesity on pathological outcomes. In the multivariate analysis, BMI was not significantly associated with any pathological outcomes. However, the percentage of visceral adipose tissue （VAT%） was an independent predictor of a pathological Gleason score ≥8 （P〈0.O01）, extracapsular extension （ECE; P=0.002） and seminal vesicle invasion （SVI; P=0.007）. More importantly, we found that the preoperative total testosterone level was significantly correlated with the VAT% （Pearson＇s correlation coefficient： -0.485, P〈0.001） and subcutaneous adipose tissue （SAT; Pearson＇s correlation coefficient： 0.413, P〈0.001）. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that abdominal fat distribution, and particularly VAT%, is associated with a risk of advanced PCa. Moreover, our present study confirms a significant inverse correlation between visceral adiposity and testosterone. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the biological mechanisms underlying the relationship between abdominal adiposity and the aggressiveness of PCa.

Tunable surface plasmon-polariton resonance in organic light-emitting devices based on corrugated alloy electrodes

We report a feasible method to realize tun able surface plasm on-polarit on(SPP)res onance in orga nic light-emitt ing devices(OLEDs)by emplo ying corrugated Ag-Al alloy electrodes.The excited SPP res onance in duced by the periodic corrugations can be precisely tuned based on the composition ratios of the Ag-Al alloy electrodes.With an appropriate composition ratio of the corrugated alloy electrode,the photons trapped in SPP modes are recovered and extracted effectively.The 25%in creaseme nt in luminance and 21%enhan ceme nt in curre nt efficie ncy have bee n achieved by using the corrugated Ag-Al alloy electrodes in OLEDs.

Acute pancreatitis-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura:A case report

BACKGROUND Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura(TTP)is a life-threatening but treatable disorder.Acute pancreatitis is a well-described consequence of TTP,but TTP as a consequence of acute pancreatitis is rare.CASE SUMMARY A 32-year-old male developed acute pancreatitis due to a fatty diet and suffered splenectomy 3 years ago due to trauma.From day 4 of his onset of pain the blood examination showed the platelet extremely reduced,bilirubin elevated and creatinine increased.High clinical suspicion of TTP was made and prompt initiation of plasma exchange was given followed intravenous drip methylprednisolone.After 7 sessions of plasm exchange and the laboratory parameters were back to normal and the patient was discharged from the hospital on the 13th day of admission.CONCLUSION Patients develop acute pancreatitis with no apparent causes for hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia,the possibility of TTP should be considered.Treatments for TTP including plasm exchange should be evaluated as soon as a diagnosis is made.

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN RECEPTOR FROM GASTRIC CARCINOMA

hCGR of plasm membrane isolated from gastric carcinoma was studied by Radioligand Receptor Assay. The results showed that there is hCGR on plasm membrane from gastric carcinoma, with straight line of scatchard plot, and LH can' t displace the (binding of 126I- hCG to plasm membrane. Compared with controis normal gastric mucosae), hCGR is increased in adenocarcinoma and well-differentiated carcinoma, but not changed in mucoid and poorly-differentiated carcinoma; hCGR is increased in ulcarative type of gastric carcinoma, but not altered in fungating type. hCGR existence on plasm membrane from gastric mucosa and carcinoma suggests that hCG may have some effects on gastric mucosa and carcinoma.

Experimental Characterization of Dual-Frequency Capacitively Coupled Plasma with Inductive Enhancement in Argon

The dual-frequency capacitively coupled plasma （DF-CCP） with inductive enhancement system is a newly designed plasma reactor. Different from the conventional inductively coupled plasma （ICP） reactors, now a radio frequency （rf） power is connected to an antenna placed outside the chamber with a one-turn bare coil placed between two electrodes in DF-CCP. This paper gives a detailed description of its structure of discharges in this apparatus were made via a Moreover, investigations on some characteristics Langmuir probe.

Factors Related to Physical Strength of Banana Pseudostem

Banana is an important fruit in China. Banana production played important role in economic development in tropical region. Banana production in China was always cut because of lodging caused by typhoon. Getting new cultivars with high resistance to lodging is the basic resolution to resolve this problem. Screening and identifying the germ plasm resource is the first step to breed new cultivars. Banana plant height was high. A single banana plant needs large area. It is difficult to screen the germ plasm resource by identifying the physical strength of banana pseudostem. This research focused on studying the relationship between pseudostem and plant height, pseudostem diameter, acid soluble lignin, acid insoluble lignin, total lignin, pore numbers of pseudostem cross section, and the expression of 4-coumarate:CoA ligase (4CL). Results showed that the plant with high physical strength in seedling stage always has high physical strength in mature stage. The physical strength of banana seedling pseudostem was closely related to pseudostem diameter and total lignin. Pseudostem diameter and total lignin can be used to predict the physical strength of mature banana pseudostem. Work on identifying and screening the physical strength of banana germ plasm pseudostem can be reduced by measuring seedling pseudostem diameter and total lignin in pseudostem of banana germplasm.

Monitoring the changes in plasm C-reactive protein,fibrinogen and blood white cell in patients with primary hypertension combined with acute cerebral infarction

BACKGROUND： Inflammatory reaction and the increased level of its accompanying active protein play an important role in the occurrence and development of cerebral infarction. C-reactive protein, fibrinogen and white blood cell, as the monitoring index of inflammatory reaction, are very important in the occurrence and development of acute cerebral infarction. OBJECTIVE： To make a comparison between patients with primary hypertension accompanied with acute cerebral infarction and with simple primary hypertension by observing the changes in plasma C-reactive protein and fibrinogen levels as well as white blood cell and differential counts and analyzing their significances. DESIGN ： Controlled observation SETTING ： Ward Building for VIP, Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University. PARTICIPANTS： Totally 133 patients with primary hypertension were selected from Ward Building for VIP, Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University during September 2003 to September 2005, The diagnostic criteria were based on the hypertension diagnosis criteria formulated by the 7^th World Health Organization-International Society of Hypertension Guidelines （WHO-ISH） in 1998. The informed consents were obtained from all the participants. The involved patients were assigned into two groups： primary hypertension group, in which, there were 65 patients with primary hypertension （ degree 2）, including 42 males and 23 females, with mean age of （61 ±14）years and mean blood pressure of （162.7±6.8）/（94.2±8.4） mm Hg （1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa）, and primary hypertension combined with cerebral infarction group, in which, there were 68 patients with primary hypertension combined with cerebral infarction （ meeting the diagnostic criteria formulated in the 4^th National Cerebrovascular Diseases Meeting in 1995 and diagnosed by skull CT or MRI to exclude the patients with lacunar infarction）, including 42 males and 26 females, with mean age of （56±15） years and mean blood pressure of （176.4±9.2）/（96.3±9.7） mm Hg. METHODS： Plasm C-reactive protein and fibrinogen levels, and white blood cell and differential counts of patients in the two groups were examined 24 hours after stroke. The above indexes were re-examined in the primary hypertension combined with cerebral infarction group 72 hours after stroke. White blood cell and differential counts were performed with laser method （East Asia FE-95001 RAM-1, Japan）. The level of C-reactive protein was measured with turbidimetry （BNII Automatic Systems For Analysis, USA）. The level of fibrinogen was measured with algorithm method when prothrombin time was normal and with Clauss method when prothrombin time was abnormal （ACL Automatic Coagulation Analyzer, USA）. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The plasm C-reactive protein and flbrinogen levels, and white blood cell and differential counts 24 hours after stroke in two groups and 72 hours after stroke in primary hypertension combined with cerebral infarction group. RESULTS： All the 133 involved patients participated in the result analysis. The plasm C-reactive protein and fibrinogen levels, and white blood cell and neutrophil counts in patients with primary hypertension were all within the normal range. The plasm C-reactive protein and fibrinogen levels, and white blood cell and neu- trophil counts in patients with primary hypertension combined with cerebral infarction were significantly higher than those in patients with primary hypertension 24 hours after stroke and 72 hours after stroke respectively[24 hours after stroke：（32.12±11.76） mg/L vs. （5.02±3.21 ） mg/L;（4.64±0.75） g/L vs. （3.12±0.49） g/L; （9.32±81）×10^9 L^- 1 vs. （5.78±1.32）×10^9L^- 1 （7.85±2.38）×10^9 L^- 1 vs.（3.49±1.28）×10^9 L^-1,t =7.094, 5.759,4.106,5.491, respectively,all P〈 0.01; 72 hours after stroke： （47.62±18.43） mg/L vs. （32.12±11.76） mg/L; （5.08±0.82） g/L vs. （4.64±0.75） g/L, t =2.864,2.220, respectively, both P 〈 0.05]. CONCLUSION： The increase in fibrinogen level and white blood cell count are the important index in monitoring primary hypertension combined with acute cerebral infarction. The increase in plasm C-reactive protein and fibrinogen levels 72 hours after stroke indicates that plasma C-reactive protein and fibrinogen are very important in the development of disease.

Quantum Effects on the Rayleigh-Taylor Instability of Viscoelastic Plasma Model through a Porous Medium

The stability of stratified of incompressible, viscoelastic plasma through a porous medium in the presence of the quantum mechanism is considered. The dispersion relation is obtained using the normal mode technique. The behavior of growth rate with respect to the quantum effect, strain retardation time and stress relaxation time are examined in the presence of porosity of the porous medium, the medium permeability, kinematic viscosity. It is shown that, the presence of quantum term stabilizes a certain wave number band, whereas the system is unstable for all wave numbers in the absence of quantum term. The considered parameters beside the quantum term will bring about more stability on the considered system.

Thyroid and parathyroid gland

950261 Humoral autoimmunity in endocrine ophthal-mopathy.TANG Zhengyi(汤正义),et al.Shanghai En-docrinol Res Instit,Shanghai 2nd Med Univ,Shang-hai,200025.Chin J Endorinol & Metabol 1994;10(5)151-153.The crude antigens of the cell membrane and cyto-plasm of the thyroid,eye muscles and periobital con-nective tissues and cell membrane crude antigens of theskeletal muscle,and liver were subjected to SDS-PAGE,then immunoblotting with the sera of the pa-

Rheumatic heart disease

920657 The relationship between atrialnatriuretic factor and hemodynamics inrheumatic mitral stenosis. XU Zhimin(须志敏), et al. Dept Cardiol, Affil Hosp, Shand-ong Med Univ, Jinan. 25000 Chin Cir J1992; 7(3): 247-250.

Fish germ cells

Fish, like many other animals, have two major cell lineages, namely the germline and soma. The germ-soma separation is one of the earliest events of embryonic development. Germ cells can be specifically labeled and isolated for culture and transplan-tation, providing tools for reproduction of endangered species in close relatives, such as surrogate production of trout in salmon. Haploid cell cultures, such as medaka haploid embryonic stem cells have recently been obtained, which are capable of mimicking sperm to produce fertile offspring, upon nuclear being directly transferred into normal eggs. Such fish originated from a mosaic oocyte that had a haploid meiotic nucleus and a transplanted haploid mitotic cell culture nucleus. The first semi-cloned fish is Holly. Here we review the current status and future directions of understanding and manipulating fish germ cells in basic research and reproductive technology.

Plasmon-exciton interaction in colloidally fabricated metal nanoparticlequantum emitter nanostructures

When quantum emitters and plasmonic nanoparticles are in close vicinity,the energy exchange,termed as plasmon-exciton coupling,can make the absorption and emission behavior of the hybrid structure very different from those of the two constituents alone.The coupling strength between the two constituents highly depends on how the hybrid structure is constructed.As a result,a diverse range of coupling effect arise including plasmon induced fluorescence quenching/enhancing (weak coupling),Fano interference (intermediate coupling),Rabi-splitting and lasing (strong coupling).The emergence of different coupling behavior can be controlled by the different combinations of quantum emitters and plasmonic nanoparticles as well as the spatial arrangement of the individual components.Colloidal assembly/synthesis methods are essentially delicate strategies that can build the hybrid nanostructures with nanometer precision and allow for large-scale processing.In this review,we discuss the theoretical models that apply to different coupling behaviors,the optical properties of the hybrid systems,and the advancement of colloidal methods to manipulate the plasmon-exciton in the hybrid structures.We also provide perspectives on the challenges and future directions of the research in coupled plasmon-exciton nanosystems.

m^(6)A reader Igf2bp3 enables germ plasm assembly by mA-dependent regulation of gene expression in zebrafish

Bucky ball(Buc)is involved in germ plasm(GP)assembly during early zebrafish development by regulating GP mRNA expression via an unknown mechanism.The present study demonstrates that an m^(6)A reader Igf2bp3 interacts and colocalizes with Buc in the GP.Similar to the loss of Buc,the genetic deletion of maternal igf2bp3 in zebrafish leads to abnormal GP assembly and insufficient germ cell specification,which can be partially restored by the injection of igf2 bp3 mRNA.Igf2bp3 binds to m^(6)A-modified GPorganizer and GP mRNAs in an m^(6)A-dependent manner and prevents their degradation.These findings indicate that the functions of Igf2bp3,a direct effector protein of Buc,in GP mRNA expression and GP assembly involve m^(6)A-dependent regulation;these results emphasize a critical role of m^(6)A modification in the process of GP assembly.

A MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE MEMBRANE STRUCTURE AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF NUCLEAR PORE DURING SPERMIOGENESIS——FREEZE-ETCHING AND DOUBLE REPLICA TECHNIQUE

Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION The spermiogenesis means the devdoping process from the spermatid to the sperm. Leblond and Clermont observed 14 steps for spermiogenesis in mouse by PAS staining method; Susi et al. reported how the Golgi complex became the sperm acrosome. Clermont and Rmabourg studied the morphological changes of endoplasmic reticulum by Ur-