Chimeric plants composed of green and albino tissues have great ornamental value.To unveil the functional genes responsible for albino phenotypes in chimeric plants,we inspected the complete plastid genomes(plastomes)...Chimeric plants composed of green and albino tissues have great ornamental value.To unveil the functional genes responsible for albino phenotypes in chimeric plants,we inspected the complete plastid genomes(plastomes)in green and albino leaf tissues from 23 ornamental chimeric plants belonging to 20 species,including monocots,dicots,and gymnosperms.In nine chimeric plants,plastomes were identical between green and albino tissues.Meanwhile,another 14 chimeric plants were heteroplasmic,showing a mutation between green and albino tissues.We identified 14 different point mutations in eight functional plastid genes related to plastid-encoded RNA polymerase(rpo)or photosystems which caused albinism in the chimeric plants.Among them,12 were deleterious mutations in the target genes,in which early termination appeared due to small deletion-mediated frameshift or single nucleotide substitution.Another was single nucleotide substitution in an intron of the ycf3 and the other was a missense mutation in coding region of the rpoC2 gene.We inspected chlorophyll structure,protein functional model of the rpoC2,and expression levels of the related genes in green and albino tissues of Reynoutria japonica.A single amino acid change,histidine-to-proline substitution,in the rpoC2 protein may destabilize the peripheral helix of plastid-encoded RNA polymerase,impairing the biosynthesis of the photosynthesis system in the albino tissue of R.japonica chimera plant.展开更多
Dear editor,In recent years,endoscopic subureteral transurethral injection(STING)has become the first-line therapy for children with vesicoureteral reflux(VUR)owing its diffusion in clinical practice to a high success...Dear editor,In recent years,endoscopic subureteral transurethral injection(STING)has become the first-line therapy for children with vesicoureteral reflux(VUR)owing its diffusion in clinical practice to a high success rate and minimum complications[1].Macroplastique(Uroplasty,Inc.,Minnetonka,MN,USA)is an efficient and safe bulking agent commonly used in VUR,being non-migratory,non-antigenic,and biocompatible.Moreover,its stability over time,with a virtual no-reabsorption phenomenon,has allowed its application in wider medical fields[2].展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Bio&Medical Technology Development Program of the NRF,MSIP,Republic of Korea(grant no.NRF-2015M3A9A5030733)grants from the Nuclear R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT)and the research program of KAERI,Republic of Korea.
文摘Chimeric plants composed of green and albino tissues have great ornamental value.To unveil the functional genes responsible for albino phenotypes in chimeric plants,we inspected the complete plastid genomes(plastomes)in green and albino leaf tissues from 23 ornamental chimeric plants belonging to 20 species,including monocots,dicots,and gymnosperms.In nine chimeric plants,plastomes were identical between green and albino tissues.Meanwhile,another 14 chimeric plants were heteroplasmic,showing a mutation between green and albino tissues.We identified 14 different point mutations in eight functional plastid genes related to plastid-encoded RNA polymerase(rpo)or photosystems which caused albinism in the chimeric plants.Among them,12 were deleterious mutations in the target genes,in which early termination appeared due to small deletion-mediated frameshift or single nucleotide substitution.Another was single nucleotide substitution in an intron of the ycf3 and the other was a missense mutation in coding region of the rpoC2 gene.We inspected chlorophyll structure,protein functional model of the rpoC2,and expression levels of the related genes in green and albino tissues of Reynoutria japonica.A single amino acid change,histidine-to-proline substitution,in the rpoC2 protein may destabilize the peripheral helix of plastid-encoded RNA polymerase,impairing the biosynthesis of the photosynthesis system in the albino tissue of R.japonica chimera plant.
文摘Dear editor,In recent years,endoscopic subureteral transurethral injection(STING)has become the first-line therapy for children with vesicoureteral reflux(VUR)owing its diffusion in clinical practice to a high success rate and minimum complications[1].Macroplastique(Uroplasty,Inc.,Minnetonka,MN,USA)is an efficient and safe bulking agent commonly used in VUR,being non-migratory,non-antigenic,and biocompatible.Moreover,its stability over time,with a virtual no-reabsorption phenomenon,has allowed its application in wider medical fields[2].
