Thermal Performance Analysis of Plaster Reinforced with Raffia Vinifera Particles for Use as Insulating Materials in Building

The present study focuses on the formulation of new composite consisting of plaster and raffia vinifera particle (RVP) with the purpose to reducing energy consumption. The aim of this study is to test this new compound as an insulating eco-material in building in a tropical climate. The composites samples were developed by mixing plaster with raffia vinifera particles (RVP) using three different sizes (1.6 mm, 2.5 mm and 4 mm). The effects of four different RVP incorporations rates (i.e., 0wt%, 5wt%;10wt%;15wt%) on physical, thermal, mechanicals properties of the composites were investigated. In addition, the use of the raffia vinifera particles and plaster based composite material as building envelopes thermal insulation material is studied by the habitable cell thermal behavior instrumentation. The results indicate that the incorporation of raffia vinifera particle leads to improve the new composite physical, mechanical and thermal properties. And the parametric analysis reveals that the sampling rate and the size of raffia vinifera particles are the most decisive factor to impact these properties, and to decreases in the thermal conductivity which leads to an improvement to the thermal resistance and energy savings. The best improvement of plaster composite was obtained at the raffia vinifera particles size between 2.5 and 4.0 mm loading of 5wt% (C95P5R) with a good ratio of thermo-physical-mechanical properties. Additionally, the habitable cell experimental thermal behavior, with the new raffia vinifera particles and plaster-based composite as thermal insulating material for building walls, gives an average damping of 4°C and 5.8°C in the insulated house interior environment respectively for cold and hot cases compared to the outside environment and the uninsulated house interior environment. The current study highlights that this mixture gives the new composite thermal insulation properties applicable in the eco-construction of habitats in tropical environments.

Investigation of the Fermentation Mode of Rice Husk for the Stabilization of Earth Plaster

Despite its low resistance to humidity, adobe remains the most widely used material for housing construction, particularly in developing countries. The present study aims to assess different modes of use of fermented RH and to evaluate their influence on the behavior of raw earth for application in plaster. The influences of two types of RH are evaluated: granular rice husk (RHg) and powdered RH (RHp). The clay mainly consists of clay (40%), silt (22%), and sand (38.4%), with a small proportion of gravel (0.24%). Its liquidity limit is 40% and the plasticity index is 26.5%. The mixtures were designed using earth and each of the two rice husks at the volumetric content of 10%, 15% and 20% of the total volume mixed with water 36.5%, 38.5% and 40.3% and fermented for three weeks. Each fermented mixture was added to the soil to form the paste, and 40 × 40 × 160 mm3 test speciments were made for characterization. The results generally show an improvement in the physico-mechanical properties and water resistance of the mortars containing fermented RH, with an optimal content between 10% and 15%. The powdered RH improved the performance of the mortar better than granular RH.

Effect of Head Meridian Massage Combined with Auricular Acupoint Plaster on Patients with Insomnia

Objective:To study the effect of head meridian massage combined with auricular acupoint plasters on patients with insomnia.Methods:The sample consisted of 50 cases,and all of them were admitted to Yixing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2022 to December 2023.The patients were divided into an observation group and a control group,with 25 cases in each group.The observation group was treated with a combination of head meridian massage and auricular acupoint plaster while the control group underwent conventional nursing care.The improvement of sleep quality and nursing effect were used as evaluation criteria to compare the clinical effects of the nursing programs.Results:After nursing intervention,the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)score of the observation group,which was 7.17±1.41 points was lower than that of the control group(9.04±1.96 points),(t=3.8724,P<0.05).The total efficacy was 96.00%for the observation group and 76.00%for the control group(2=4.1528,P<0.05).Conclusion:Head meridian massage combined with auricular acupoint can improve the sleep quality of patients with insomnia.

Clinical Study on Treatment of Chronic Prostatitis with Lingze Tablets Combined with TCM Herbal Acupoint Plasters

Objective:To study the therapeutic effect of Lingze tablets combined with traditional Chinese medicine herbal acupoint plasters on chronic prostatitis.Methods:A total of 64 patients with chronic prostatitis who were admitted to the Andrology Clinic of Shuyang County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2021 to March 2023 were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group,with 32 cases in each group.The control group took Lingze tablets orally,4 tablets/time,3 times/d;the treatment group took the same medication along with traditional Chinese medicine acupoint herbal plasters.The two groups of patients were treated continuously for 6 weeks,and the differences in the relevant indexes of the curative effect were observed.Results:The NIH-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index(NIH-CPSI)scores of the two groups significantly reduced after treatment(P<0.05),and the scores of the patients in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The treatment received in the treatment group achieved and efficacy of 96.88%,which was significantly higher than that of the group,which was 81.25%(P<0.05).The maximum flow rate(MFR),average flow rate AFR,and urine output of the patients of both groups improved significantly after treatment(P<0.05).However,the experimental group showed better improvements in these indicators(P<0.05).Conclusion:Lingze tablets combined with traditional Chinese medicine acupoint herbal plasters can significantly improve the symptoms and urodynamic function of patients with chronic prostatitis.

Analysis of the Effect of Shenghua Zhuyu Herbal Acupoint Plaster in the Treatment of Postpartum Malodor

Objective:To assess the clinical effect of Shenghua Zhuyu ointment,which was applied onto the Zhongji,Qihai,and Guanyuan acupoints,on postpartum lochia.Methods:We randomly divided 166 patients who were admitted in 2018-2021 into an observation group and a control group.The control group was treated with conventional clinical methods,whereas the observation group was treated by applying Shenghua Zhuyu ointment on the Zhongji,Qihai,and Guanyuan acupoints.The amount and duration of lochia,abdominal pain,hospitalization time were observed;B-scan ultrasonography was performed to check whether the placenta was discharged.Results:The treatment received by the observation group of patients was shown to be more effective than that of the control group.Besides,the experimental group had less lochia than that of the control group.The observation group also had shorter duration of lochia and hospital stay than those of the control group(P<0.05).The placenta excretion was better,and the degree of abdominal pain was lower in the observation group than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The acupoint application of Shenghua Zhuyu herbal acupoint plaster has a significant impact on retained placenta,in which it can aid the discharge of residual placenta and improve the patients’physical functions and symptoms.

化瘀止痛贴膏调节IL-6/STAT3信号通路对急性软组织损伤大鼠炎症反应的影响

目的探讨化瘀止痛贴膏调节白细胞介素-6(IL-6)/信号转导与转录激活子3(STAT3)信号通路对急性软组织损伤(ASTI)大鼠炎症反应的影响。方法将SPF级SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、化瘀止痛贴膏低、中、高剂量组、精制狗皮膏组。利用机械冲击挫伤法建立ASTI动物模型,建模成功后,各组贴敷相应药物,1次/d,每次给药8 h,连续7 d。对大鼠进行ASTI损伤评分;采用血液流变检测仪检测血液流变学指标;苏木精和伊红(HE)染色法观察大鼠损伤部位肌肉组织病理变化;酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测各组大鼠损伤部位肌肉组织中IL-6、IL-β、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平;实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)法检测损伤部位肌肉组织中IL-6与STAT3 mRNA表达;蛋白免疫印迹(Western blot)法检测大鼠损伤部位肌肉组织中IL-6/STAT3信号通路蛋白表达。结果与对照组比较,模型组大鼠软组织损伤评分、全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞压积、肌肉组织病理学评分、IL-6、IL-β、TNF-α水平、IL-6与STAT3 mRNA表达水平及IL-6、p-STAT3/STAT3蛋白表达水平升高(均P<0.05);与模型组比较,化瘀止痛贴膏低、中、高剂量组和狗皮膏药组大鼠软组织损伤评分、全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞压积、肌肉组织病理学评分、IL-6、IL-β、TNF-α水平、IL-6与STAT3 mRNA表达水平及IL-6、p-STAT3/STAT3蛋白表达水平降低(均P<0.05);化瘀止痛贴膏高剂量组与精制狗皮膏组大鼠以上指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论化瘀止痛贴膏可能通过下调IL-6/STAT3信号通路缓解ASTI大鼠的炎症反应。

滋阴疏肝颗粒配合耳穴贴压法治疗女童性早熟的疗效及对其性激素、性腺体积的影响

目的 观察滋阴疏肝颗粒配合耳穴贴压法治疗女童性早熟的疗效及对其性激素、性腺体积的影响。方法 选取2021年1月—2022年10月期间荆州市第一人民医院收治的性早熟女童98例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各49例。对照组患儿给予亮丙瑞林治疗,观察组给予滋阴疏肝颗粒配合耳穴贴压法治疗,疗程3个月。观察比较两组患儿临床疗效、不良反应情况,治疗前后中医证候积分,性激素[血清孕酮(Progesterone,P)、睾酮(Testosterone,T)、雌二醇(Estradiol,E_(2))、黄体生成素(Luteinizing hormone,LH)、促卵泡激素(Follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH)和催乳素(Prolactin,PRL)]、乳核指数、子宫体积、卵巢体积和骨龄(Bone age,BA)/生活年龄(Chronological age,CA)比值。结果 治疗后两组患儿中医证候积分较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组中医证候积分明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患儿血清性激素P、LH、FSH、E_(2)和PRL水平均较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),T水平与治疗前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);且观察组血清性激素P、LH、FSH、E_(2)和PRL水平均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),T水平与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后两组患儿子宫体积、卵巢体积、乳核指数及BA/CA值均较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组子宫体积、卵巢体积、乳核指数及BA/CA值均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后观察组的临床总有效率87.50%(42/48)明显高于对照组72.34%(34/47),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.247,P=0.012)。治疗期间,两组患儿不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.146,P=0.702)。结论 滋阴疏肝颗粒配合耳穴贴压法治疗女童性早熟可调节性激素水平,缩小性腺体积,抑制第二性征提前发育,提高临床疗效。

三黄膏质量标准提升研究

目的:提升三黄膏的质量标准。方法:制备三黄膏,进行性状观察和粒度检查,采用薄层色谱法对该制剂中的黄连药材进行定性鉴别,采用高效液相色谱法测定该制剂中的小檗碱、表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀含量并规定其总含量限度。结果:本研究所制得的三黄膏为黄色至棕黄色的软膏;粒度检查符合相关规定;建立的薄层色谱法专属性强,可准确鉴别黄连药材;小檗碱、表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀的平均总含量为4.01 mg/g,其含量限度不得少于3.21 mg/g。结论:本研究建立的三黄膏质量标准稳定、可行,可有效控制该制剂的质量。

“关节粘连外洗方”凝胶贴膏的基质配比研究

目的 探索将关节粘连外洗方的外用洗剂剂型转变为凝胶贴膏,优选凝胶贴膏的最佳基质处方。方法 初步拟定凝胶贴膏的5种关键基质,对聚丙烯酸钠NP700、甘羟铝、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、甘油这5种用量,进行单因素分析,并以成型贴膏的初黏力、持黏力、剥离强度等为考察指标进行判定。结果 从单因素考察中发现,当NP700合理用量范围在2%~15%,用量过低则膏体过软难以成型,无法涂布。当甘羟铝合理用量范围在0.03%~0.25%,用量增高则导致贴膏的初黏力和内聚力增高、剥离强度减少。当CMC-Na合理用量范围在0.5%~10%,随用量水平提高,则导致贴膏的初黏力明显增加和内聚力剥离强度减弱。当PVA合理用量范围在1%~6%,用量减少时贴膏不能成型,用量增多时贴膏初黏力增加、内聚力减弱。当甘油合理用量范围在28%~33%,用量过低则膏体偏硬,涂布出现硬块,用量过高则膏体过软,出现溢膏。结论 5种基质辅料均会对贴膏的各项指标造成明显影响,且作用并不相同,用量范围最终确定为:NP700(2%~15%)、甘羟铝(0.07%~0.25%)、CMC-Na(0.5%~10%)、PVA(1%~6%)、甘油(23%~33%)。

三黄膏制备工艺改进对其体外药物释放特性的影响

目的:考察三黄膏制备工艺改进对其体外药物释放特性的影响。方法:用人工尼龙膜作为半透膜,采用Franz直立式扩散池考察三黄膏的释放特性,应用HPLC测定接收液介质中小檗碱的含量,以美国FDA与欧盟体外释放指南考察三黄膏变更前后质量一致性,并对变更后的三黄膏释放动力学进行拟合。结果:变更前三黄膏(即参比制剂)单位面积累积渗透量(A total)为(556.35±28.65)μg/cm 2,变更后三黄膏(即试验制剂)单位面积累积渗透量(A total)为(507.54±25.07)μg/cm 2。试验制剂与参比制剂的中位体外释放率比值、体外释放率平均值比率、单位面积渗透总量(A total)平均值比率均符合美国FDA与欧盟的体外释放指南要求。释放动力学过程符合零级和Hixson-Crowell释放模型,Hixson-Crowell方程表明小檗碱释放符合被动扩散机制。结论:试验制剂与参比制剂的体外释放具有一致性,三黄膏工艺变更符合预期。

活血类膏药外敷治疗膝关节炎及中医药对其认识的进展

膝关节炎具有发病率高、治疗相对困难、易复发等特点,且与多种因素密切相关,严重威胁中老年的生活质量与身体健康。对于膝关节炎患者,目前可采用止痛治疗、激素治疗、物理治疗、手术治疗、中医药治疗等。近年来,中医药对膝关节炎认识越来越深入,这对于提高中老年膝关节炎的关注度,提升膝关节炎的治疗效果,促进中老年膝关节炎患者疾病的恢复与生活健康有重要的参考意义。本文从膝关节炎的特点、中医药治疗膝关节炎相关研究方面进行综述,重点叙述活血类膏药外敷治疗及相关疗法的作用。

杉树皮夹板联合早期石膏托外固定治疗B型老年桡骨远端骨折

目的:探讨手法复位杉树皮夹板联合早期石膏托外固定治疗B型老年桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效及优越性。方法:采用单中心对照试验,2020年6月—2022年5月芜湖市中医医院骨科急诊要求保守治疗的老年桡骨远端骨折患者,分为2组,联合外固定组40例,男16例,女24例,年龄65~78岁,平均年龄68.3岁;夹板外固定组40例,男17例,女23例,年龄65~76岁,平均年龄67.8岁。所有病例均行手法复位,复位后第3天及第1、2、6周来院复查,其中第2、6周复查X线片,观察骨折对位、对线及愈合情况,评估患肢功能恢复、骨质疏松情况。结果:77例患者获随访3~12个月,平均随访6.2个月,3例失访。记录伤后6周尺偏角、掌倾角、桡骨高度的改善情况,第2掌骨骨质疏松情况,采用腕关节患者自评量表和上肢功能评分表评价伤后6个月及1年功能恢复情况,并行统计学分析。结论:手法复位杉树皮夹板外固定能够较好地维持复位后骨折的对位,而早期联合石膏托外固定,可以维持复位后的特殊体位,且不影响后期功能康复,适用于要求保守治疗的老年桡骨远端骨折患者。

闭合复位钛制弹性髓内钉内固定治疗MasonⅡ型桡骨头骨折疗效分析

目的探讨闭合复位钛制弹性髓内钉内固定治疗MasonⅡ型桡骨头骨折的临床效果。方法选取2019年6月至2021年6月郑州市第七人民医院收治的80例MasonⅡ型桡骨头骨折患者作为研究对象,按照随机数表法将其随机分为观察组(40例)和对照组(40例),观察组患者采用闭合复位钛制弹性髓内钉内固定治疗,对照组患者采用手法复位联合石膏外固定治疗,对比观察两组患者临床疗效、肘关节活动度及并发症发生情况。结果术后6个月,观察组患者肘关节功能恢复为优者30例、良者8例、可者2例,明显优于对照组患者的肘关节功能恢复为优者14例、良者17例、可者7例、差者2例(Z=-3664,P<0001);术后6个月,观察组患者肘关节屈曲、伸展及前臂旋前、旋后活动度均明显大于对照组(t=3643、2868、3366、3588,P=0001、0005、0001、0001);术后随访1年,观察组患者均未出现并发症,其并发症发生率明显低于对照组患者的并发症发生率100%(χ^(2)=4211,P=0040)。结论与手法复位联合石膏外固定相比,闭合复位钛制弹性髓内钉内固定能够明显提高MasonⅡ型桡骨头骨折患者的肘关节功能恢复效果,改善肘关节活动度,减少术后并发症的发生,值得临床推广应用。

逆向工程技术在石膏头像设计中的应用

借助专用逆向软件,采用逆向技术对石膏头像的点云扫描数据进行预处理和数模重构,从而完成了其逆向建模设计。将扫描数据导入Geomagic Wrap软件中,进行清除噪点、全局注册、合并、补孔、平滑等预处理;预处理后的数据以STL格式导入Geomagic Design X软件中进行进一步的数模重构。对重构后的模型进行了偏差分析,结果表明逆向重构精度符合设计要求。

参五秦艽汤内服联合黑敷药外敷治疗痛风性关节炎合并慢性肾功能不全的临床效果

目的:分析参五秦艽汤内服联合黑敷药外敷治疗痛风性关节炎合并慢性肾功能不全的临床效果。方法:选取2021年1月—2023年6月常州市中医医院收治的痛风性关节炎合并慢性肾功能不全患者76例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,各38例。对照组采用基础治疗,观察组在对照组基础上采用参五秦艽汤内服联合黑敷药外敷。比较两组治疗前后血清生化指标、临床疗效。结果:治疗后,两组患者尿酸、血肌酐、尿素氮、C反应蛋白水平均降低,观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组临床疗效有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.042)。结论:对于痛风性关节炎合并慢性肾功能不全患者,参五秦艽汤内服联合黑敷药外敷的疗效显著,可降低血清生化指标水平。

“消肿散”剂型优化的复方芙蓉叶凝胶治疗膝关节滑膜炎

背景:前期研究证实,新型复方芙蓉叶凝胶膏剂治疗急性软组织肿胀具有良好的效果。目的:观察复方芙蓉叶凝胶膏剂治疗膝关节滑膜炎的临床疗效。方法:选择2019年12月至2021年5月上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院诊治的膝关节滑膜炎患者72例,采用随机数字表法分为试验组与对照组,每组36例。试验组患者病患处进行复方芙蓉叶凝胶膏剂贴敷治疗,1次/d,12 h/次;对照组患者病患处进行双氯芬酸二乙胺乳胶剂涂抹治疗,2次/d。治疗28 d后,对比两组患者目测类比评分、WOMAC骨关节炎指数评分、SF-36生活质量评分、膝关节滑膜厚度及综合疗效。结果与结论:①两组患者治疗后的目测类比评分均低于治疗前(P<0.05),试验组患者治疗7,14,28 d后的目测类比评分均低于对照组(P<0.05);②两组患者治疗后的WOMAC骨关节炎指数评分均低于治疗前(P<0.05),试验组患者治疗7,14,28 d后的WOMAC骨关节炎指数评分均低于对照组(P<0.05);③两组患者治疗28 d后的SF-36生活质量评分均高于治疗前(P<0.05),试验组治疗28 d后的SF-36生活质量评分高于对照组(P<0.05);④试验组治疗28 d后的膝关节滑膜厚度小于对照组(P<0.05),治疗有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);⑤结果表明,与采用双氯芬酸二乙胺乳胶剂相比,新型复方芙蓉叶凝胶膏剂可以更好地缓解膝关节疼痛、改善膝关节功能、减少滑膜增生、提高患者整体生活质量。

益肺温阳贴对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期临床疗效及炎性因子的影响

目的:探讨益肺温阳贴对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)的临床疗效、炎性因子的影响。方法:选取2020年1月—2022年6月郑州市中医院肺病科收治的AECOPD患者,随机分为对照组、试验组各50例,对照组接受单纯西医治疗,试验组在接受西医治疗的基础上联合中药穴位贴敷治疗。记录并比较2组患者的临床疗效、治疗前后炎性因子水平及不良反应。结果:试验组患者治疗总有效率(96.0%,48/50)与对照组(72.0%,36/50)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组患者C反应蛋白、肿瘤坏死因子-α及白细胞介素-6水平均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:益肺温阳贴联合西药治疗,可有效减轻炎症反应、提高临床疗效。

引气剂对轻质抹灰石膏砂浆性能的影响

比较了高引气剂掺量-低轻质集料掺量与无引气剂-高轻质集料掺量对轻质抹灰石膏(LPG)砂浆物理力学性能的影响,并结合压汞法(MIP)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析了引气剂对抹灰石膏孔隙特征的影响.结果表明:掺入引气剂和轻质集料的抹灰石膏内部孔隙主要是气孔,随着引气剂掺量的增加,抹灰石膏内部孔隙率增加,但内部孔隙尺寸先增大后减小;高引气剂掺量-低轻质集料掺量LPG砂浆和无引气剂-高轻质集料掺量LPG砂浆达到相同性能时,引气剂可以大幅减少玻化微珠掺量,达到绿色环保节能.

室内墙面多角度抹平机器人性能研究

针对建筑行业现有的抹灰机器人只能垂直上下抹灰问题,研发了一种能多角度的、高效的墙面抹灰机器人。首先,使用SolidWorks建立模拟人手腕转动的5自由度(DoF)机器人三维(3D)模型,其中末端执行器由U型架和3个齿轮组成;然后,以45°方向抹灰为例,对该机器人进行仿真分析,得到该机器人末端执行器和主要关节的动力学特性。研究表明:构建的模型可完成对墙面进行多角度的抹平,且效率是人工的39倍。

清肺止嗽贴治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的随机对照研究

目的观察清肺止嗽贴治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎(风热闭肺证)的疗效。方法将132例患儿随机分为治疗组与对照组各66例。基础治疗包括静滴阿奇霉素并根据患儿病情予退热平喘、止咳化痰等对症治疗,治疗组在此基础上联合清肺止嗽贴,对照组在基础治疗上加用清肺止嗽贴模拟剂。1周后评价两组的临床疗效、中医证候评分及实验室指标。结果两组患儿均完成相应治疗及随访评估,治疗组显愈率为77.27%,高于对照组的69.70%(P<0.05)。在日夜咳嗽积分、咳嗽总积分、咳嗽消失时间、中医证候总积分、主要证候积分、次要证候积分等方面治疗组均显著优于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05),两组的C反应蛋白(CRP)均较治疗前显著下降(P<0.05)。结论清肺止嗽贴可显著改善肺炎支原体肺炎患儿的咳嗽症状和中医证候,缩短病程,安全性良好。