The Lhasa-Gangdise Terrane is taken as a representative mobile terrane during the Himalayan orogeny of the India- Eurasia continental collision, for which a corresponding kinematics-uplift model is set up. The paramet...The Lhasa-Gangdise Terrane is taken as a representative mobile terrane during the Himalayan orogeny of the India- Eurasia continental collision, for which a corresponding kinematics-uplift model is set up. The parameterization of the model is ultimately constrained by the uplift history outlined by synthesized paleogeoglaphic studies with consideration of the following factors: (1 ) kinematic features of india-Eurasia plate convergence; (2) 3-D mass conservation during terrane deformations incorporating shortening, thickening, extension, uplift and ero sion; and (3) instantaneous vertical movement of lithospheric material under the control of isostasy. The model study involves the following four groups of uplift-relevant parameters: ① plate converging velocity and its variations with time; ② extent of lateral mass transfer; ③ crustal structure: and ④) surface erosion mode. The results of calculation of 144 models of different Parameter combinations have indicated the non-uniqueness of solution. Nevertheless, it is also proved that for a fixed kinematic mode of plate convergence there exists a unique best-fitting model which may reproduce the observed uplift history, implying the uniqueness of dynamic environment of two converging plates. Therefore, the uplift of the Himalayan-Tibetan region is mainly controlled by plate dynamics-kinematics and is a complicated geological process of far-reaching implications.展开更多
文摘The Lhasa-Gangdise Terrane is taken as a representative mobile terrane during the Himalayan orogeny of the India- Eurasia continental collision, for which a corresponding kinematics-uplift model is set up. The parameterization of the model is ultimately constrained by the uplift history outlined by synthesized paleogeoglaphic studies with consideration of the following factors: (1 ) kinematic features of india-Eurasia plate convergence; (2) 3-D mass conservation during terrane deformations incorporating shortening, thickening, extension, uplift and ero sion; and (3) instantaneous vertical movement of lithospheric material under the control of isostasy. The model study involves the following four groups of uplift-relevant parameters: ① plate converging velocity and its variations with time; ② extent of lateral mass transfer; ③ crustal structure: and ④) surface erosion mode. The results of calculation of 144 models of different Parameter combinations have indicated the non-uniqueness of solution. Nevertheless, it is also proved that for a fixed kinematic mode of plate convergence there exists a unique best-fitting model which may reproduce the observed uplift history, implying the uniqueness of dynamic environment of two converging plates. Therefore, the uplift of the Himalayan-Tibetan region is mainly controlled by plate dynamics-kinematics and is a complicated geological process of far-reaching implications.
