Dung deposition is an important pathway of nutrient return and redistribution in alpine grasslands of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.To date,information on the greenhouse gas emissions of yak dung on alpine grasslands,es...Dung deposition is an important pathway of nutrient return and redistribution in alpine grasslands of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.To date,information on the greenhouse gas emissions of yak dung on alpine grasslands,especially where there are large amounts of rock fragments,is limited.Our aim,therefore,was to evaluate variations in N_2O,CH_4,and CO_2 emissions from yak dung(CCD),and compare it to dung placed on rock fragments(RCD),alpine steppe soil(CSD),and a soil and rock fragment mixture(RSD) over a 30-day incubation period.The results showed that the total N_2O emissions from treatments without soil were significantly(P < 0.05) lower than those from treatments with soil.The highest total CH_4 emissions were detected in the CSD treatment,while CH_4 losses from treatments without rock fragments were significantly(P < 0.05) greater than those with rock fragments.The total CO_2 emissions from the RSD treatment was 6.30%–12.0% lower than those in the other three treatments.The soil beneath yak dung pats elevated the globalwarming potential(GWP),while the addition of rock fragments to the soil significantly(P < 0.05) decreased the GWP by reducing emissions of the three greenhouse gases.We therefore suggest that interactions between rock fragments and alpine steppe soil are effective in decreasing yak dung greenhouse gas emissions.This finding indicates that rock fragments are an effective medium for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from dung pats,and more attention should therefore be paid to evaluate its ecological impact in future studies.These results should help guide scientific assessments of regional GHG budgets in agricultural ecosystems where the addition of livestock manure to soils with large amounts of rock fragments is common.展开更多
本研究旨在利用质谱技术鉴定野血牦牛与家养牦牛血清中化学衍生物的差异,以明确长期受到高原生态环境自然选择下,野血牦牛更优环境适应性的代谢机制。本研究利用串联质谱技术对西藏阿里改则县的5头野血牦牛和5头家养牦牛的血清进行代谢...本研究旨在利用质谱技术鉴定野血牦牛与家养牦牛血清中化学衍生物的差异,以明确长期受到高原生态环境自然选择下,野血牦牛更优环境适应性的代谢机制。本研究利用串联质谱技术对西藏阿里改则县的5头野血牦牛和5头家养牦牛的血清进行代谢组功能分析,共鉴定到574个代谢相关化学衍生物质,其中比例最高的是有机酸及其衍生物和氨基酸及其衍生物,21种代谢物质差异显著,较家养牦牛,野血牦牛有7类化学代谢物(邻甲氧基苯甲酸、9,12-十八碳二烯酸、3,4,5-三甲氧基肉桂酸等)显著上调,14类化学代谢物(前列腺素E2、氧化三甲胺、羟基二十碳五烯酸等)显著下调。其中7类化学衍生物(5-羟基吲哚-3-乙酸、鸟苷、尿素、前列腺素E2、皮质醇、5-甲氧基色胺、3-甲基吲哚)富集于31个KEGG信号通路,包括组织系统(Organismal Sysyems)、代谢(Metabolism)、人类疾病(Human Disease)、环境信息过程(Environmental Information Processing)。本研究通过代谢组比较分析,进一步明确了野血牦牛优异的环境适应性代谢基础,同时鉴定到野血牦牛中富含一系列(鸟苷、5-甲基-2-脱氧饱苷、邻甲基苯甲酸等)已明确与心脑血管疾病相关药的化学衍生物,为今后开发抗高原病相关药物开发提供借鉴参考。展开更多
基金supported by grants from the“Strategic Priority Research Program”of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB03030505)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41573070)the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Soiland Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.Y412201403)
文摘Dung deposition is an important pathway of nutrient return and redistribution in alpine grasslands of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.To date,information on the greenhouse gas emissions of yak dung on alpine grasslands,especially where there are large amounts of rock fragments,is limited.Our aim,therefore,was to evaluate variations in N_2O,CH_4,and CO_2 emissions from yak dung(CCD),and compare it to dung placed on rock fragments(RCD),alpine steppe soil(CSD),and a soil and rock fragment mixture(RSD) over a 30-day incubation period.The results showed that the total N_2O emissions from treatments without soil were significantly(P < 0.05) lower than those from treatments with soil.The highest total CH_4 emissions were detected in the CSD treatment,while CH_4 losses from treatments without rock fragments were significantly(P < 0.05) greater than those with rock fragments.The total CO_2 emissions from the RSD treatment was 6.30%–12.0% lower than those in the other three treatments.The soil beneath yak dung pats elevated the globalwarming potential(GWP),while the addition of rock fragments to the soil significantly(P < 0.05) decreased the GWP by reducing emissions of the three greenhouse gases.We therefore suggest that interactions between rock fragments and alpine steppe soil are effective in decreasing yak dung greenhouse gas emissions.This finding indicates that rock fragments are an effective medium for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from dung pats,and more attention should therefore be paid to evaluate its ecological impact in future studies.These results should help guide scientific assessments of regional GHG budgets in agricultural ecosystems where the addition of livestock manure to soils with large amounts of rock fragments is common.
文摘本研究旨在利用质谱技术鉴定野血牦牛与家养牦牛血清中化学衍生物的差异,以明确长期受到高原生态环境自然选择下,野血牦牛更优环境适应性的代谢机制。本研究利用串联质谱技术对西藏阿里改则县的5头野血牦牛和5头家养牦牛的血清进行代谢组功能分析,共鉴定到574个代谢相关化学衍生物质,其中比例最高的是有机酸及其衍生物和氨基酸及其衍生物,21种代谢物质差异显著,较家养牦牛,野血牦牛有7类化学代谢物(邻甲氧基苯甲酸、9,12-十八碳二烯酸、3,4,5-三甲氧基肉桂酸等)显著上调,14类化学代谢物(前列腺素E2、氧化三甲胺、羟基二十碳五烯酸等)显著下调。其中7类化学衍生物(5-羟基吲哚-3-乙酸、鸟苷、尿素、前列腺素E2、皮质醇、5-甲氧基色胺、3-甲基吲哚)富集于31个KEGG信号通路,包括组织系统(Organismal Sysyems)、代谢(Metabolism)、人类疾病(Human Disease)、环境信息过程(Environmental Information Processing)。本研究通过代谢组比较分析,进一步明确了野血牦牛优异的环境适应性代谢基础,同时鉴定到野血牦牛中富含一系列(鸟苷、5-甲基-2-脱氧饱苷、邻甲基苯甲酸等)已明确与心脑血管疾病相关药的化学衍生物,为今后开发抗高原病相关药物开发提供借鉴参考。
