[Objectives]To explore the optimal extraction process and the antioxidant activity of flavonoidsof Cacumen platycladi. [Methods]FCPwas obtained from C. platycladi by a new set extraction process of microwave-assisted ...[Objectives]To explore the optimal extraction process and the antioxidant activity of flavonoidsof Cacumen platycladi. [Methods]FCPwas obtained from C. platycladi by a new set extraction process of microwave-assisted extraction,freeze thawing,superfine crushingand freeze drying technology and purification. On the basis of single-factor tests,the quadratic regression parasitism model was established by the extraction amount of total flavonoids with microwave power,alcohol concentration,and liquid-to-solid ratio through the response surface methodology. [Results] The optimal extraction conditions were microwave power of 757 W,alcohol concentration of 69%,liquid-to-solid ratio of21∶ 1,with the optimal extraction yield of 15. 302 9 mg/g. Under the real conditions( microwave power of 800 W,alcohol concentration of69%,liquid-to-solid ratio of 21∶ 1) in our laboratory,the maximum yield of total flavonoids was 15. 9 mg/g,the results fitwell with the prediction of quadratic regression parasitism model. The good antioxidant activity has been determined byscavenging effect of FCP on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl( DPPH) radical and superoxide anion free radical with the scavenging yield of 70. 2% and 68. 8% respectively. [Conclusions]All results established a good foundation for furtherdevelopment of C. platycladi products.展开更多
目的基于HPLC研究柏子仁中4种黄曲霉毒素的污染情况,并进行风险分析,评估柏子仁的用药安全。方法采用Agilent Eclipse Plus C 18(4.6×250 mm 5μm)为色谱柱,柱后光化学衍生法检测,以甲醇∶乙腈∶水(35∶10∶55)为流动相,流速1.0 mL...目的基于HPLC研究柏子仁中4种黄曲霉毒素的污染情况,并进行风险分析,评估柏子仁的用药安全。方法采用Agilent Eclipse Plus C 18(4.6×250 mm 5μm)为色谱柱,柱后光化学衍生法检测,以甲醇∶乙腈∶水(35∶10∶55)为流动相,流速1.0 mL·min^(-1);柱温:40℃;荧光检测器检测。结果黄曲霉毒素B 1、B 2、G 1、G 2分别在0.35~20.8μg·L^(-1)、0.13~7.6μg·L^(-1)、0.36~21.6μg·L^(-1)、0.13~7.6μg·L^(-1)范围内呈良好的线性关系,黄曲霉毒素B 1、B 2、G 1、G 2平均回收率分别为90.6%、83.46%、87.84%、86.58%,相对偏差分别为2.9%、3.6%、3.6%、4.7%。23批柏子仁中有14批检出黄曲霉毒素B 1和总量,残留量分别在1~4μg·kg^(-1)和1~5μg·kg^(-1)之间,均符合规定,但检出率高达61%,存在安全隐患。结论该方法简单、准确、方便,能有效评价柏子仁中黄曲霉毒素的污染情况。警示柏子仁易受黄曲霉毒素的污染,需加强柏子仁监管力度和不定期的专项抽检,降低安全风险,以确保临床用药安全。展开更多
红色毛癣菌(Trichophyton rubrum,T.rubrum)是皮肤癣最主要病原;侧柏叶(Cacumen Platycladi)是侧柏[Platycladus orientali s(L.)Franco]的干燥嫩枝梢及叶,被《苗族医学》收录用于治疗皮肤癣。本研究旨在探讨侧柏叶抗T.rubrum的主要活...红色毛癣菌(Trichophyton rubrum,T.rubrum)是皮肤癣最主要病原;侧柏叶(Cacumen Platycladi)是侧柏[Platycladus orientali s(L.)Franco]的干燥嫩枝梢及叶,被《苗族医学》收录用于治疗皮肤癣。本研究旨在探讨侧柏叶抗T.rubrum的主要活性物质及其抗真菌机制,为抗皮肤癣新药研发提供帮助。本研究通过测定最小抑菌浓度和孢子萌发率分析了侧柏叶活性物质对T.rubrum的抑菌活性,使用电镜观察T.rubrum菌丝形态和孢子超微结构,并检测侧柏叶活性物质对T.rubrum细胞膜通透性、完整性和麦角甾醇含量的影响,从而阐述侧柏叶活性物质对T.rubrum抑菌机理,最后采用GC-MS和qRT-PCR方法找到其抗T.rubrum的作用靶点。结果显示,侧柏叶石油醚部位的α-蒎烯为主要抗菌活性成分,MIC为32μg·mL^(-1),极显著抑制孢子萌发(P<0.01);α-蒎烯可致细胞膜发生明显损伤和内容物流出、通透性极显著增加(P<0.01)以及24 h内细胞膜中麦角甾醇和24(28)脱氢麦角甾醇含量显著下降(P<0.05);引起脂质色谱图中ERG3活性抑制相关的“麦角甾烷-7,24-二烯-3β-醇”色谱峰出现;可极显著降低ERG3的相对表达量(P<0.01)。结果表明,α-蒎烯是侧柏叶中发挥抗T.rubrum活性最主要成分且以ERG3为其抗真菌靶点。展开更多
目的:通过网络药理学方法探讨“酸枣仁-柏子仁”药对治疗失眠(insomnia)的作用机制。方法:基于中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform,TCMSP)检索酸枣仁...目的:通过网络药理学方法探讨“酸枣仁-柏子仁”药对治疗失眠(insomnia)的作用机制。方法:基于中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform,TCMSP)检索酸枣仁、柏子仁的活性成分及相关靶点。在GeneCards数据库和在线人类孟德尔遗传数据库(online mendelian inheritance in man,OMIM)中检索失眠相关靶点。通过在线软件Venn 2.1.0将失眠相关靶点与“酸枣仁-柏子仁”活性成分相关靶点取交集,即为“酸枣仁-柏子仁”治疗失眠的潜在靶点,绘制韦恩图,并利用Cytoscape 3.8.2软件构建“中药-活性成分-疾病靶点”网络。将潜在靶点导入STRING平台,得到潜在靶点蛋白的互作关系,利用Cytoscape 3.8.2软件构建PPI网络图,并使用“Network Analyzer”插件进行拓扑分析筛选核心靶点。将潜在靶点导入David 6.8数据库进行基因本体(gene ontology,GO)功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)信号通路富集分析。结果:在TCMSP数据库中检索得到酸枣仁活性成分9个、柏子仁活性成分5个,相关靶点53个。在GeneCards数据库和OMIM数据库获得失眠相关靶点2 930个。通过在线软件Venn 2.1.0将失眠相关靶点与“酸枣仁-柏子仁”活性成分相关靶点取交集,得到23个“酸枣仁-柏子仁”治疗失眠的潜在靶点。“中药-活性成分-疾病靶点”网络拓扑分析得到关键活性成分为(S)-衡州乌药碱[(S)-coclaurine]、花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid)及酸李碱(zizyphusine)。PPI网络拓扑分析得到SLC6A4、SLC6A3、CASP3、SLC6A2、ADRA1B、PPARG、NOS3可能为“酸枣仁-柏子仁”治疗失眠的核心靶点基因。GO功能富集分析得到生物学过程57个,细胞组成8个,分子功能16个。KEGG信号通路富集分析得到15条信号通路。结论:“酸枣仁-柏子仁”药对可通过多成分、多靶点、多层次发挥对失眠的治疗作用。展开更多
基金Sponsored by Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province(2016)Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals(JSBGFC12010)+1 种基金Excellent Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Universities in Jiangsu Province(2017-31)Nanjing Polytechnic Institute NHKY-2017-09
文摘[Objectives]To explore the optimal extraction process and the antioxidant activity of flavonoidsof Cacumen platycladi. [Methods]FCPwas obtained from C. platycladi by a new set extraction process of microwave-assisted extraction,freeze thawing,superfine crushingand freeze drying technology and purification. On the basis of single-factor tests,the quadratic regression parasitism model was established by the extraction amount of total flavonoids with microwave power,alcohol concentration,and liquid-to-solid ratio through the response surface methodology. [Results] The optimal extraction conditions were microwave power of 757 W,alcohol concentration of 69%,liquid-to-solid ratio of21∶ 1,with the optimal extraction yield of 15. 302 9 mg/g. Under the real conditions( microwave power of 800 W,alcohol concentration of69%,liquid-to-solid ratio of 21∶ 1) in our laboratory,the maximum yield of total flavonoids was 15. 9 mg/g,the results fitwell with the prediction of quadratic regression parasitism model. The good antioxidant activity has been determined byscavenging effect of FCP on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl( DPPH) radical and superoxide anion free radical with the scavenging yield of 70. 2% and 68. 8% respectively. [Conclusions]All results established a good foundation for furtherdevelopment of C. platycladi products.
文摘目的:通过网络药理学方法探讨“酸枣仁-柏子仁”药对治疗失眠(insomnia)的作用机制。方法:基于中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform,TCMSP)检索酸枣仁、柏子仁的活性成分及相关靶点。在GeneCards数据库和在线人类孟德尔遗传数据库(online mendelian inheritance in man,OMIM)中检索失眠相关靶点。通过在线软件Venn 2.1.0将失眠相关靶点与“酸枣仁-柏子仁”活性成分相关靶点取交集,即为“酸枣仁-柏子仁”治疗失眠的潜在靶点,绘制韦恩图,并利用Cytoscape 3.8.2软件构建“中药-活性成分-疾病靶点”网络。将潜在靶点导入STRING平台,得到潜在靶点蛋白的互作关系,利用Cytoscape 3.8.2软件构建PPI网络图,并使用“Network Analyzer”插件进行拓扑分析筛选核心靶点。将潜在靶点导入David 6.8数据库进行基因本体(gene ontology,GO)功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)信号通路富集分析。结果:在TCMSP数据库中检索得到酸枣仁活性成分9个、柏子仁活性成分5个,相关靶点53个。在GeneCards数据库和OMIM数据库获得失眠相关靶点2 930个。通过在线软件Venn 2.1.0将失眠相关靶点与“酸枣仁-柏子仁”活性成分相关靶点取交集,得到23个“酸枣仁-柏子仁”治疗失眠的潜在靶点。“中药-活性成分-疾病靶点”网络拓扑分析得到关键活性成分为(S)-衡州乌药碱[(S)-coclaurine]、花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid)及酸李碱(zizyphusine)。PPI网络拓扑分析得到SLC6A4、SLC6A3、CASP3、SLC6A2、ADRA1B、PPARG、NOS3可能为“酸枣仁-柏子仁”治疗失眠的核心靶点基因。GO功能富集分析得到生物学过程57个,细胞组成8个,分子功能16个。KEGG信号通路富集分析得到15条信号通路。结论:“酸枣仁-柏子仁”药对可通过多成分、多靶点、多层次发挥对失眠的治疗作用。