Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) in the Internet ofThings (IoT) domain has been the subject of interest for researchers. Thereis an increasing demand to localize these IoT devices using LoRaWAN dueto the quickly...Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) in the Internet ofThings (IoT) domain has been the subject of interest for researchers. Thereis an increasing demand to localize these IoT devices using LoRaWAN dueto the quickly growing number of IoT devices. LoRaWAN is well suited tosupport localization applications in IoTs due to its low power consumptionand long range. Multiple approaches have been proposed to solve the localizationproblem using LoRaWAN. The Expected Signal Power (ESP) basedtrilateration algorithm has the significant potential for localization becauseESP can identify the signal’s energy below the noise floor with no additionalhardware requirements and ease of implementation. This research articleoffers the technical evaluation of the trilateration technique, its efficiency,and its limitations for the localization using LoRa ESP in a large outdoorpopulated campus environment. Additionally, experimental evaluations areconducted to determine the effects of frequency hopping, outlier removal, andincreasing the number of gateways on localization accuracy. Results obtainedfrom the experiment show the importance of calculating the path loss exponentfor every frequency to circumvent the high localization error because ofthe frequency hopping, thus improving the localization performance withoutthe need of using only a single frequency.展开更多
This paper first discusses the term'binding'and the concept of 'Binding Theory', and then explains some terms in Binding Theory. It provides examples to further explore the relationships between these ...This paper first discusses the term'binding'and the concept of 'Binding Theory', and then explains some terms in Binding Theory. It provides examples to further explore the relationships between these terms. It also introduces the three Binding Principles and finally shows the most prominent development in Binding Theory.展开更多
Objective To probe into the pathogenic mechanisms of paraneoplastic limbic encephali- tis( PL E) in patients with small cell lung carcinoma( SCLC) .Methods The indirect im- munoperoxidase method and Western blotanalys...Objective To probe into the pathogenic mechanisms of paraneoplastic limbic encephali- tis( PL E) in patients with small cell lung carcinoma( SCLC) .Methods The indirect im- munoperoxidase method and Western blotanalysis were used for detecting anti- Hu antibodies in1 6 PLE patients associated with SCL C.Autopsy and pathological study were performed on two cases.Results Eight patients( 5 0 % ) had anti- Hu antibodies( anti- Hu+) whereas eight patients ( 5 0 % ) no detectable antineuronal antibodies ( anti- Hu- ) .The clinical and laboratory features of PLE and time to diagnosis of SCLC were similar in the anti- Hu+and anti- Hu- groups.Involvement of other areas of the nervous system in seven( 87.5 % ) patients of the anti- Hu+group but in only one ( 1 2 .5 ) % of the anti- Hu- group ( P=0 .0 1 2 ) . Conclusions The presence of this characteristic neurological disorder strongly suggested that with an ac- companying SCLC,existence of anti- Hu autoantibody was in favour of an autoimmune mech- anism participating in PLE.展开更多
基金the ADEK Award for Research Excellence (AARE19-245)2019.
文摘Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) in the Internet ofThings (IoT) domain has been the subject of interest for researchers. Thereis an increasing demand to localize these IoT devices using LoRaWAN dueto the quickly growing number of IoT devices. LoRaWAN is well suited tosupport localization applications in IoTs due to its low power consumptionand long range. Multiple approaches have been proposed to solve the localizationproblem using LoRaWAN. The Expected Signal Power (ESP) basedtrilateration algorithm has the significant potential for localization becauseESP can identify the signal’s energy below the noise floor with no additionalhardware requirements and ease of implementation. This research articleoffers the technical evaluation of the trilateration technique, its efficiency,and its limitations for the localization using LoRa ESP in a large outdoorpopulated campus environment. Additionally, experimental evaluations areconducted to determine the effects of frequency hopping, outlier removal, andincreasing the number of gateways on localization accuracy. Results obtainedfrom the experiment show the importance of calculating the path loss exponentfor every frequency to circumvent the high localization error because ofthe frequency hopping, thus improving the localization performance withoutthe need of using only a single frequency.
文摘This paper first discusses the term'binding'and the concept of 'Binding Theory', and then explains some terms in Binding Theory. It provides examples to further explore the relationships between these terms. It also introduces the three Binding Principles and finally shows the most prominent development in Binding Theory.
文摘Objective To probe into the pathogenic mechanisms of paraneoplastic limbic encephali- tis( PL E) in patients with small cell lung carcinoma( SCLC) .Methods The indirect im- munoperoxidase method and Western blotanalysis were used for detecting anti- Hu antibodies in1 6 PLE patients associated with SCL C.Autopsy and pathological study were performed on two cases.Results Eight patients( 5 0 % ) had anti- Hu antibodies( anti- Hu+) whereas eight patients ( 5 0 % ) no detectable antineuronal antibodies ( anti- Hu- ) .The clinical and laboratory features of PLE and time to diagnosis of SCLC were similar in the anti- Hu+and anti- Hu- groups.Involvement of other areas of the nervous system in seven( 87.5 % ) patients of the anti- Hu+group but in only one ( 1 2 .5 ) % of the anti- Hu- group ( P=0 .0 1 2 ) . Conclusions The presence of this characteristic neurological disorder strongly suggested that with an ac- companying SCLC,existence of anti- Hu autoantibody was in favour of an autoimmune mech- anism participating in PLE.
