Using the surface panel method to predict the steady performance of ducted propellers

A new numerical method was developed for predicting the steady hydrodynamic performance of ducted propellers. A potential based surface panel method was applied both to the duct and the propeller, and the interaction between them was solved by an induced velocity potential iterative method. Compared with the induced velocity iterative method, the method presented can save programming and calculating time. Numerical results for a JD simplified ducted propeller series showed that the method presented is effective for predicting the steady hydrodynamic performance of ducted propellers.

Prediction of Hydrodynamic Performance of Marine Propellers by Surface Panel Method

The potential based low order surface panel method is used to predict the hydrodynamic performance of marine propellers. In present method the hyperboloidal quadrilateral panels are employed to avoid the gap between the panels. The influence coefficients of panels are calculated by Morino’s analytical formulations for increasing numerically calculating speed. The pressure Kutta condition is satisfied on the trailing edge of propeller blade by Newton-Raphson iterative procedure. Therefore the pressure coefficients of the suction and pressure faces of blade are equal on trailing edge. The method developed by Yanagizawa is used to determine the velocities on propeller surface, and to avoid the singularity in the numerical differentiation. The predicted pressure distributions and open water performances of general propellers and highly skewed propellers have a good agreement with experimental dat and other calculation results.

A method for numerical calculation of propeller hydrodynamics in unsteady inflow

The hydrodynamic performance of a propeller in unsteady inflow was calculated using the surface panel method. The surfaces of blades and hub were discreted by a number of hyperboloidal quadrilateral panels with constant source and doublet distribution. Each panel＇s comer coordinates were calculated by spline interpolation between the main parameter and the blade geometry of the propeller. The integral equation was derived using the Green Formula. The influence coefficient of the matrix was calculated by the Morino analytic formula. The tangential velocity distribution was calculated with the Yanagizawa method, and the pressure coefficient was calculated using the Bonuli equation. The pressure Kutta condition was satisfied at the trailing edge of the propeller blade using the Newton-Raphson iterative procedure, so as to make the pressure coefficients of the suction and pressure faces of the blade equal at the trailing edge. Calculated results for the propeller in steady inflow were taken as initialization values for the unsteady inflow calculation process. Calculations were carried out from the moment the propeller achieved steady rotation. At each time interval, a linear algebraic equation combined with Kutta condition was established on a key blade and solved numerically. Comparison between calculated results and experimental results indicates that this method is correct and effective.

PREDICTION OF PODDED PROPELLER CAVITATION USING AN UNSTEADY SURFACE PANEL METHOD

The unsteady sheet cavitation of podded propeller was predicted by using a surface panel method. The interaction between propeller and pod was treated with the iterative calculation of induced velocity potential, and the method of induced velocity potential can save a great deal of storage and computation time compared to the method of induced velocity. The induced velocity potential of unit singularity on every pod panel to every key blade panel and of unit singularity on every key blade panel and its wake panel to every pod panel were calculated when the key blade is at every angle position. Based on the wake model of the conventional single propeller, a new wake model of podded propeller was constructed. The propeller is analyzed only on the key blade in order to save computation time and memory space. The method can be used to calculate the hydrodynamics performance and cavitation of propeller in uniform and non-uniform inflows. It can give the unsteady force and cavitation shape of propeller. The propeller cavitation range determined by the present method agrees with the observation results of cavity image given in cavitation tunnel well, and this proves the practicability of the method.

PREDICTION OF UNSTEADY CAVITATION OF PROPELLER USING SURFACE PANEL METHOD

This paper has predicted the range and volume of unsteady sheet cavitation of a propeller by using the surface panel method. The linearization in cavity thickness is adopted to reduce the computing time and storage space. The iteration scheme between chordwise strips has been used because the range and volume of cavitation are both unknown. The propeller cavitation range determined by the calculation method presented in this paper agrees with the observation results of cavity image at cavitation tunnel very well, and this proves the practicability of the method.

UNSTEADY PROPELLER SURFACE PRESSURE PREDICTION WITH A POTENTIAL BASED PANEL METHOD

A potential based panel method for unsteady propeller hydrodynamic analysis is presented,as to predict the unsteady hydrodynamic performance of a propeller subjected to a spatially non-uniform inflow. To satisfy the Kutta condition at the blade tailing rfgr well, a nonlinear pressure pressure condition, besides the linear Knits condition,is implemented at each time step by an iterative scheme, which enhances the precision of the preessure distribution over the blade surface. Some computation results are presented.

Prediction of Non-Cavitation Propeller Noise in Time Domain

The blade frequency noise of non-cavitation propeller in a uniform flow is analyzed in time domain. The unsteady loading （dipole source） on the blade surface is calculated by a potential-based surface panel method. Then the time- dependent pressure data is used as the input for Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings formulation to predict the acoustics pressure. The integration of noise source is performed over the true blade surface rather than the nothickness blade surface, and the effect of hub can be considered. The noise characteristics of the non-cavitation propeller and the numerical discretization forms are discussed.

Influence on the hydrodynamic performance of a variable vector propeller of different rules of pitch angle change

To design a more effective blade pitch adjustment mechanism,research was done on changes to the hydrodynamic characteristics of VVPs(Variable Vector Propeller) caused by different rules for changing pitch angle. A mathematical method for predicting the hydrodynamic characteristics of a VVP under unsteady conditions is presented based on the panel method. Mathematical models for evaluation based on potential flow theory and the Green theorem are also presented. The hydrodynamic characteristics are numerically predicted. To avoid gaps between panels,hyperboloidal quadrilateral panels were used. The pressure Kutta condition on the trailing edge of the VVP blade was satisfied by the Newton-Raphson iterative procedure. The influence coefficients of the panels were calculated by Morino's analytical formulations to improve numerical calculation speed,and the method developed by Yanagizawa was used to eliminate the point singularity on derivation calculus while determining the velocities on propeller surfaces. The calculation results show that it's best for the hydrodynamic characteristics of the VVP that pitch angle changes follow the sine rule.

Hydrodynamic Performance Analysis of Propeller-rudder System with the Rudder Parameters Changing

In order to study the effects of geometric parameters of the rudder on the hydrodynamic performance of the propeller-rudder system,the surface panel method is used to build the numerical model of the steady interaction between the propeller and rudder to analyze the relevant factors.The interaction between the propeller and rudder is considered through the induced velocities,which are circumferentially averaged,so the unsteady problem is translated to steady state.An iterative calculation method is used until the hydrodynamic performance converges.Firstly,the hydrodynamic performance of the chosen propeller-rudder system is calculated,and the comparison between the calculated results and the experimental data indicates that the calculation program is reliable.Then,the variable parameters of rudder are investigated,and the calculation results show that the propeller-rudder spacing has a negative relationship with the efficiency of the propeller-rudder system,and the rudder span has an optimal match range with the propeller diameter.Futhermore,the rudder chord and thickness both have a positive correlation with the hydrodynamic performance of the propeller-rudder system.

An integral panel method for the hydrodynamic analysis of hybrid contra-rotating shaft pod propulsors

The present work is devoted to developing an efficient method for the analysis and design of hybrid contra-rotating shaft pod(HCRSP)propulsors.The geometry of contra-rotating propulsor(CRP)was then analyzed,and a steady integral panel method that treats the forward and aft propellers as a whole part is presented.During the study,the control equation of the steady integral panel method for CRP is derived in detail.From the experience of developing an integral panel method for CRP,the characteristics of panel singularity strength in HCRSP propulsor was analyzed.Based on this analysis,an integral panel method for HCRSP propulsor is developed and the wake model discussed.Then,the method is applied in the performance analysis of HCRSP propulsor.Comparison between experimental data and numerical results shows that the steady integral panel method has good accuracy in terms of open water performance.Regarding the latter,the error source in the steady integral panel method is discussed.

用非定常面元法预报拖式吊舱螺旋桨水动力性能

用非定常面元法对拖式吊舱推进器的水动力性能进行求解,吊舱和螺旋桨的相互干扰通过诱导速度迭代处理.与将相互诱导速度在周向上进行平均的处理方法相比,文中的方法真实考虑了螺旋桨和吊舱相互影响的非定常性.为了节省计算时间和存储空间,对螺旋桨的求解只在主叶上进行.结果表明,该方法能够对吊舱推进器在均匀来流和在非均匀来流中的水动力性能进行计算.将敞水条件下的计算结果同试验结果进行了比较,两者有较好的一致性.

采用涡格法和面元法预报吊舱推进器非定常水动力性能(英文)

文章发展了一种预报吊舱推进器非定常水动力性能的数值方法。该方法分别基于涡格法和面元法对螺旋桨叶片和吊舱进行计算。螺旋桨工作在船体和吊舱包后的非均匀来流中,其对吊舱包和支架的非定常诱导速度在文中进行了时均处理。用该数值方法分别预报了有无船体情况下的四叶桨吊舱推进器水动力性能,并通过与空泡水筒的推力、扭矩实验数据相比较,验证了数值方法的有效性。该文还基于数值结果讨论了吊舱对于螺旋桨非定常力和力矩的影响,说明吊舱包—支架单元所诱导的伴流对螺旋桨受力是有较大影响的。

仿鱼尾潜器推进系统的水动力分析

以开发适用于小型潜器的仿生操纵与推进系统为研究背景 ,对金枪鱼的月牙形尾鳍进行水动力分析。文中将金枪鱼的尾鳍处理为在做横移和摇摆的耦合运动的同时 ,以某一匀速向前运动的月牙形刚性尾翼。计算中应用了双曲面元和压力库塔条件 ,利用面元法计算分析该三维尾翼的非定常水动力性能。探讨了前进速度、横荡和摇首的幅度。

桨舵干扰系统非定常水动力性能预估(英文)

基于对桨舵干扰的系统研究 ,本文提供了一个桨舵非定常干扰问题的理论计算方法 ,桨采用非定常涡格法 ,舵采用基于速度势的非定常面元法。在时域范围内通过迭代计算考虑螺旋桨和舵的相互影响。文中提供了一些算例考核 ,通过与实验结果对比 ,证明本文提供的方法是可靠的 ,可供实际应用。

导管螺旋桨定常性能理论计算

建立了计算导管螺旋桨在均流中的定常水动力性能的数值方法，螺旋桨用涡格法、导管用面元法分别计算，两者的相互影响则通过迭代计算加以考虑．为了减少计算量，螺旋桨对导管的诱导速度采用周向平均值，从而使导管周围的非定常流动简化为定常轴对称流动．应用本法对ＪＤ简易导管桨系列进行了计算，数值结果与试验数据吻合良好．

船后吊舱推进器的水动力性能研究

为了分析船体形状对吊舱推进器的影响,研究了船后伴流中吊舱推进器的水动力性能.船后伴流用计算流体力学方法进行分析,吊舱推进器的水动力性能用面元法研究,吊舱和螺旋桨的相互影响用迭代方法求解,用蒙瑞诺解析公式计算螺旋桨和吊舱之间的诱导速度,结合船尾伴流的计算结果分析船尾伴流中吊舱推进器的水动力性能,并对船后不同位置吊舱推进器的水动力性能进行了比较.研究认为,船尾伴流会降低吊舱推进器的效率,吊舱推进器距离船体越远,效率越高.

面元法预报螺旋桨表面非定常压力分布

本文建立了扰动速度势面元法预报螺旋桨表面非定常压力分布的理论和数值方法。该方法把桨叶和桨毂表面离散为若干四边形双曲面元 ,每个面元上布置等强度源汇和偶极子分布 ,螺旋桨尾涡面也离散为布置等强度偶极子的四边形双曲面元。所有的时域参数通过傅里叶级数展开转化为频域参数 ,使得在时间域内的求解转化为每一谐调阶上的求解。桨叶随边处通过迭代和采用广义逆矩阵方法在每一谐调阶上实现非线性等压库塔条件。桨叶表面非定常压力分布的计算结果与测试结果的比较表明 。

船舶螺旋桨尾流场的数值分析

利用基于速度势的低阶面元法计算船舶螺旋桨的尾流场。采用计算较为简捷的关于扰动速度势的基本积分微分方程 ,并采用双曲面形状的面元以消除面元间的缝隙。Newton -Raphson迭代过程被用来在桨叶随边满足压力Kutta条件 ,使桨叶上下表面的压力在随边有良好的一致性。在计算面元的影响系数时 ,应用了Morino导出的解析计算公式 ,加快了数值计算的速度。从解面元法的基本积分方程得到的偶极强度和源汇强度 。

导管调距桨的定常性能预估(英文)

本文建立了一个预估导管可调螺距螺旋桨水动力性能的数值计算方法 ,即螺旋桨用升力面理论、导管采用面元法 ,通过迭代计算考虑桨和导管的相互影响。引入了一个修正的螺旋桨尾涡模型 ,来模拟尾涡片的扭曲变形及分离现象。对导管桨性能预估的各种影响因素进行了系统研究 ,并考虑了桨毂对性能的影响。对JD简易导管桨和导管调距桨(JD7704导管 +JDC三叶可调螺距螺旋桨)分别进行了计算 ,并与实验结果进行了比较。结果表明 ,本文所建立的方法可较好地预估导管桨的敞水性能 。

非定常流中桨后舵附推力鳍的数值模拟

采用基于速度势的面元法计算螺旋桨与其后舵附推力鳍的非定常水动力性能,船体对螺旋桨的影响以桨盘面处的非均匀伴流来模拟.计算了螺旋桨0.7半径处在旋转一周过程中表面压力分布的变化情况,并与试验数值进行对比.在此基础上,计算了处于非均匀来流的螺旋桨后的舵附推力鳍的水动力性能.舵附推力鳍与螺旋桨的互相干扰以迭代处理,分析了采用不同剖面的推力鳍其助推效率的变化,将鱼形鳍剖面引入推力鳍中,并对鱼形鳍随边处进行了一些修改,计算了螺旋桨在旋转一周过程中,鱼形推力鳍助推效率的变化,计算结果与相同展长、弦长的NACA0018剖面相比,鱼形鳍的助推效率增加了约30%.