基于三角测量的三维激光扫描仪设计

基于三角测量原理,设计了一套三维激光扫描仪。分析了光信号在不同表面上的反射性质,设计出较为准确的亚像素光点中心定位算法。实验表明即使在红外光较强的环境下,也具备较好的抗干扰能力,具有较高性价比。

Application of Three-Dimensional Laser Scanning and Surveying in Geological Investigation of High Rock Slope

The appearance of 3D laser scanning technology is one of the most important technology revolutions in surveying and mapping field. It can be widely used in many interrelated fields, such as engineering constructions and 3D measurements, owing to its prominent characteristics of the high efficiency and high precision. At present its application is still in the initial state, and it is quite rarely used in China, especially in geotechnical engineering and geological engineering fields. Starting with a general introduction of 3D laser scanning technology, this article studies how to apply the technology to high rock slope investigations. By way of a case study, principles and methods of quick slope documentation and occurrence measurement of discontinuities are discussed and analyzed. Analysis results show that the application of 3D laser scanning technology to geotechnical and geological engineering has a great prospect and value.

基于三维模型的二维文档图像提取与识别

针对OCR(optical character recognition)不能识别三维文本模型的问题,提出从三维文本模型信息中提取图像数据重构二维图像再进行识别的方法。对三维模型的点云数据进行归一化处理并进行基于视点的投影,通过提取网格信息的方式计算生成二维图像的分辨率,将提取的二维图像数据进行整理计算并输出,实现图像的重构。实验结果表明,该方法对各种版面类型的文本模型均能提取对应的二维图像,且该图像文字识别率较高。

基于激光点云及航片组合的单片测图方法研究

提出基于机载LiDAR与航片组合的单片测图方法,利用激光点云提供的高精度地面三维数据,结合航拍记录的POS数据进行解算,获取航片外方位元素,实现对航片的空三加密,制作数字正射影像DOM（document object model）,整个流程不需要外业控制测量。工程实践结果表明,利用该方法获得的DOM可满足1∶2 000比例尺成图精度要求,能够有效减少外业工作量,对数字线划图（digital line graphic,DLG）的制作具有重要意义。