Electrochemical biosensors for point-of-care testing

Point-of-care testing(POCT)is the practice of diagnosing and monitoring diseases where the patient is located,as opposed to traditional treatment conducted solely in a medical laboratory or other clinical setting.POCT has been less common in the recent past due to a lack of portable medical devices capable of facilitating effective medical testing.However,recent growth has occurred in this field due to advances in diagnostic technologies,device miniaturization,and progress in wearable electronics.Among these developments,electrochemical sensors have attracted interest in the POCT field due to their high sensitivity,compact size,and affordability.They are used in various applications,from disease diagnosis to health status monitoring.In this paper we explore recent advancements in electrochemical sensors,the methods of fabricating them,and the various types of sensing mechanisms that can be used.Furthermore,we delve into methods for immobilizing specific biorecognition elements,including enzymes,antibodies,and aptamers,onto electrode surfaces and how these sensors are used in real-world POCT settings.

BILL Strategy:Points to Consider During the Performance and Interpretation of Critical Care Echocardiography

The growing utilization of critical care echocardiography(CCE)by clinicians necessitates a meticulous review of clinical conditions in critically ill patients,both before and during the examination.The reviewing process of clinical conditions minimizes the risk of overlooking or misinterpreting crucial findings.This article proposes a comprehensive strategy,namely BILL strategy to integrated into the CCE protocol,where“B”represents baseline respiratory and hemodynamic support,“I”signifies information gleaned from invasive monitoring,including central venous pressure and thermodilution-derived cardiac output,the first“L”denotes laboratory results such as central venous oxygen saturation,troponin,and brain natriuretic peptide,and the second“L”refers to lung ultrasound data.xx Combining the BILL strategy with CCE enhances a more comprehensive understanding of critical illness,potentially leading to improved diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.

Analysis of the Significance of Key Points of Patient Interventional Psychological Care and Pain Care

Interventional therapy has become increasingly popular in clinical practice due to advancements in medical technology.However,patients often experience psychological and physiological pressure due to its invasive nature.The management of patient discomfort and tension is crucial to ensure effective treatment.Psychological and pain management are essential components of interventional therapy,as they significantly impact patient recovery and prognosis.This article discussed the importance of interventional psychological and pain care for patients,starting with the development and spread of interventional therapy.The significance of providing high-quality nursing services to patients and improving their quality of life was also discussed.

Point of care ultrasonography as the new“Laennec Sthetoscope”

Point of care ultrasonography(POCUS)has evolved to become the fifth pillar of the conventional physical examination,and use of POCUS protocols have significantly decreased procedure complications and time to diagnose.However,lack of experience in POCUS by preceptors in medical schools and nephrology residency programs are significant barriers to implement a broader use.In rural and low-income areas POCUS may have a transformative effect on health care management.

基于轻量化PointNet网络的林果园喷雾作业靶标实时识别方法

为了进一步提高喷雾机器人靶标检测的精准性、实时性和应用部署的实用性,该研究提出一种基于轻量化PointNet网络的林果园喷雾作业靶标实时识别方法。首先通过区域提取降采样、地面分割和改进DBSCAN聚类等点云预处理方法提取原始点云中的靶标;然后通过移动最小二乘上采样将靶标点云转化为满足点云识别网络输入要求的点云数据;最终通过在PointNet网络中引入残差模块和改进循环剪枝算法轻量化PointNet网络,完成林果树靶标的实时识别。试验结果表明,在ModelNet40数据集上,轻量化PointNet网络可达89.7%的准确率;在实际苗圃环境的试验中,该研究方法对靶标的识别准确率可达92.49%,同时误识率与拒识率分别为13.4%和6.47%,相较PointNet网络识别准确率提升了4.38个百分点,误识率和拒识率分别降低了7.2和4.07个百分点;轻量化PointNet网络识别准确率仅比PointNet++网络低1.14个百分点,误识率和拒识率分别高了0.9和1.12个百分点。但是轻量化PointNet网络的模型参数量较PointNet网络和PointNet++网络的模型参数量显著减少,仅为PointNet网络的11.5%,PointNet++网络的27.02%;运算量相较PointNet网络、PointNet++网络分别减少13.3和76.79个百分点。该研究提出的轻量化PointNet网络具有较高的实时性、精确性和鲁棒性,能够满足林果园喷雾作业的靶标识别需求,可为林果园喷雾作业靶标实时识别提供参考。

个性化护理联合CICARE沟通模式在耳鼻喉门诊患者中的应用

目的:探讨个性化护理联合CICARE沟通模式在耳鼻喉门诊患者中的应用效果。方法:采用便利取样法将2022年6月1日~2023年12月31日就诊于耳鼻喉门诊的256例患者作为研究对象,将2022年6月1日~2023年1月31日就诊的128例作为对照组,将2023年2月1日~12月31日就诊的128例作为实验组;对照组给予常规耳鼻喉门诊护理,实验组给予个性化护理联合CICARE沟通模式;比较两组护理前后护理质量、护理满意度。结果:护理后,实验组有形性感知、可靠性感知、响应性感知、保证性感知评分均高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01),两组移情性感知比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后,实验组服务态度、沟通能力、就诊秩序、专业素质、护理安全、护理满意度总分均高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:将个性化护理联合CICARE沟通模式应用于耳鼻喉门诊患者中,能够提高护理质量和护理满意度。

基于PointNet++的邻域特征增强点云语义分割方法

随着智能驾驶、机器人导航等以点云为基础的应用蓬勃发展,点云语义分割逐渐成为研究热点。然而,现有的点云语义分割方法存在局部特征提取不充分、特征融合不完整的缺陷。针对这些不足,提出了对应的解决方案。对于局部特征提取不充分的现象,通过嵌入邻域点的坐标、方向、距离等相关信息去关联邻域点的显式特征。对于特征融合不完整的现象,提出了一种最大池化与自注意力池化相结合的混合池化方法。网络架构基于PointNet++,并结合提出的局部特征提取和融合方法,在S3DIS数据集上的实验结果表明,与基线方法PointNet++相比,各评价指标都有不同程度的提高,证实了新方法的有效性和优越性。

基于Point Transformer v2的点云枝叶分离方法研究

准确高效的点云枝叶分离对精确计算森林树木的垂直参数至关重要。然而,当前的研究方法计算成本高,且依赖先验知识导致泛化能力不足。针对以上问题,文章提出利用基于点特征的Transformer网络进行自动化的森林场景三维点云的枝叶分离研究。该方法使用Point Transformer v2网络,首先利用网格编码模块提取可学习的局部结构关系,保留点云的几何拓扑结构;其次使用分组注意力实现多通道联合学习,降低特征的冗余度,提高计算的效率;最后构建了基于点的Transformer网络实现高精度森林树木三维点云语义分割,降低了对于先验知识的需求。使用地基激光扫描仪获取的加拿大和芬兰7个不同树种样地的三维点云数据,进行枝叶分离实验和精度评价。实验结果表明,网络整体精度(OA)为94.42%,mIoU为78.89%,能够适应不同树种、不同点云密度的森林场景的枝叶分离。

Significant risk factors for intensive care unit-acquired weakness:A processing strategy based on repeated machine learning

BACKGROUND Intensive care unit-acquired weakness(ICU-AW)is a common complication that significantly impacts the patient's recovery process,even leading to adverse outcomes.Currently,there is a lack of effective preventive measures.AIM To identify significant risk factors for ICU-AW through iterative machine learning techniques and offer recommendations for its prevention and treatment.METHODS Patients were categorized into ICU-AW and non-ICU-AW groups on the 14th day post-ICU admission.Relevant data from the initial 14 d of ICU stay,such as age,comorbidities,sedative dosage,vasopressor dosage,duration of mechanical ventilation,length of ICU stay,and rehabilitation therapy,were gathered.The relationships between these variables and ICU-AW were examined.Utilizing iterative machine learning techniques,a multilayer perceptron neural network model was developed,and its predictive performance for ICU-AW was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curve.RESULTS Within the ICU-AW group,age,duration of mechanical ventilation,lorazepam dosage,adrenaline dosage,and length of ICU stay were significantly higher than in the non-ICU-AW group.Additionally,sepsis,multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,hypoalbuminemia,acute heart failure,respiratory failure,acute kidney injury,anemia,stress-related gastrointestinal bleeding,shock,hypertension,coronary artery disease,malignant tumors,and rehabilitation therapy ratios were significantly higher in the ICU-AW group,demonstrating statistical significance.The most influential factors contributing to ICU-AW were identified as the length of ICU stay(100.0%)and the duration of mechanical ventilation(54.9%).The neural network model predicted ICU-AW with an area under the curve of 0.941,sensitivity of 92.2%,and specificity of 82.7%.CONCLUSION The main factors influencing ICU-AW are the length of ICU stay and the duration of mechanical ventilation.A primary preventive strategy,when feasible,involves minimizing both ICU stay and mechanical ventilation duration.

Seeing through the myths:Practical aspects of diagnostic point-ofcare ultrasound in nephrology

Point of care ultrasonography(POCUS)is emerging as an invaluable tool for guiding patient care at the bedside,providing real-time diagnostic information to clinicians.Today,POCUS is recognized as the fifth pillar of bedside clinical examination,alongside inspection,palpation,percussion,and auscultation.In spite of growing interest,the adoption of diagnostic POCUS in nephrology remains limited,and comprehensive training beyond kidney ultrasound is offered in only a few fellowship programs.Moreover,several misconceptions and barriers surround the integration of POCUS into day-to-day nephrology practice.These include myths about its scope,utility,impact on patient outcomes and legal implications.In this minireview,we address some of these issues to encourage wider and proper utilization of POCUS.

Point Cloud Classification Using Content-Based Transformer via Clustering in Feature Space

Recently, there have been some attempts of Transformer in 3D point cloud classification. In order to reduce computations, most existing methods focus on local spatial attention,but ignore their content and fail to establish relationships between distant but relevant points. To overcome the limitation of local spatial attention, we propose a point content-based Transformer architecture, called PointConT for short. It exploits the locality of points in the feature space(content-based), which clusters the sampled points with similar features into the same class and computes the self-attention within each class, thus enabling an effective trade-off between capturing long-range dependencies and computational complexity. We further introduce an inception feature aggregator for point cloud classification, which uses parallel structures to aggregate high-frequency and low-frequency information in each branch separately. Extensive experiments show that our PointConT model achieves a remarkable performance on point cloud shape classification. Especially, our method exhibits 90.3% Top-1 accuracy on the hardest setting of ScanObjectN N. Source code of this paper is available at https://github.com/yahuiliu99/PointC onT.

Point of care ultrasonography in onco-nephrology:A stride toward better physical examination

Onco-Nephrology is an emerging subspecialty of Nephrology that focuses on a broad spectrum of renal disorders that can arise in patients with cancer.It encompasses acute kidney injury(AKI),complex fluid,electrolyte,and acid-base disorders,as well as chronic kidney disease caused or exacerbated by cancer and/or its treatment.In many such scenarios including AKI and hyponatremia,objective evaluation of hemodynamics is vital for appropriate management.Point of care ultrasonography(POCUS)is a limited ultrasound exam performed at the bedside and interpreted by the treating physician intended to answer focused clinical questions and guide therapy.Compared to conventional physical examination,POCUS offers substantially higher diagnostic accuracy for various structural and hemodynamic derangements.In this narrative review,we provide an overview of the utility of POCUS enhanced physical examination for the Onconephrologist supported by the current evidence and our experience-based opinion.

Managements of Special Health Care Needs Patients from Dental Assistant Point

The main role of this article is to describe dental assistants and the dental department’s role in the dental delivery system for Special health care needs (SCHN) by creating a structure to educate the dental assisting profession and project factors that have a significant impact on the dental assistant. The dental assisting management of SCHN patient’s profession including dental Assistance general responsibilities, regulation credentialing, and education. The SCHN patient’s management creates a challenge in all area of the dental department. Handling patient with a SCHN is underexplored throughout the dental staff especially when there is not enough theoretical foundation, education and training to deal with this category of patients. SCHN patients are defined as individuals who have abnormal behavioral impairments, mental conditions or/and chronic disease or abnormal laboratory results. Thus, the aim of this article is to guide all dental assistance staff in the best dental management choice for SCHN patients. All health care teams are part of patient care in most medical settings. A work environment supportive ensures positive outcomes for patient care. This article was considered as those categories of patients required more care and special way to deal with, moreover language, age, gender and education level of the patient are also considered significant parries. Not Many studies were found to support the care of SCHN patients in dentistry department. Taking experience from other area help to design a system to handle the SCHN even if it requires hiring a Dentist who is specialized in that filed.

Two-Staged Method for Ice Channel Identification Based on Image Segmentation and Corner Point Regression

Identification of the ice channel is the basic technology for developing intelligent ships in ice-covered waters,which is important to ensure the safety and economy of navigation.In the Arctic,merchant ships with low ice class often navigate in channels opened up by icebreakers.Navigation in the ice channel often depends on good maneuverability skills and abundant experience from the captain to a large extent.The ship may get stuck if steered into ice fields off the channel.Under this circumstance,it is very important to study how to identify the boundary lines of ice channels with a reliable method.In this paper,a two-staged ice channel identification method is developed based on image segmentation and corner point regression.The first stage employs the image segmentation method to extract channel regions.In the second stage,an intelligent corner regression network is proposed to extract the channel boundary lines from the channel region.A non-intelligent angle-based filtering and clustering method is proposed and compared with corner point regression network.The training and evaluation of the segmentation method and corner regression network are carried out on the synthetic and real ice channel dataset.The evaluation results show that the accuracy of the method using the corner point regression network in the second stage is achieved as high as 73.33%on the synthetic ice channel dataset and 70.66%on the real ice channel dataset,and the processing speed can reach up to 14.58frames per second.

21st century critical care medicine:An overview

Critical care medicine in the 21st century has witnessed remarkable advancements that have significantly improved patient outcomes in intensive care units(ICUs).This abstract provides a concise summary of the latest developments in critical care,highlighting key areas of innovation.Recent advancements in critical care include Precision Medicine:Tailoring treatments based on individual patient characteristics,genomics,and biomarkers to enhance the effectiveness of therapies.The objective is to describe the recent advancements in Critical Care Medicine.Telemedicine:The integration of telehealth technologies for remote patient monitoring and consultation,facilitating timely interventions.Artificial intelligence(AI):AI-driven tools for early disease detection,predictive analytics,and treatment optimization,enhancing clinical decision-making.Organ Support:Advanced life support systems,such as Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy provide better organ support.Infection Control:Innovative infection control measures to combat emerging pathogens and reduce healthcare-associated infections.Ventilation Strategies:Precision ventilation modes and lung-protective strategies to minimize ventilatorinduced lung injury.Sepsis Management:Early recognition and aggressive management of sepsis with tailored interventions.Patient-Centered Care:A shift towards patient-centered care focusing on psychological and emotional wellbeing in addition to medical needs.We conducted a thorough literature search on PubMed,EMBASE,and Scopus using our tailored strategy,incorporating keywords such as critical care,telemedicine,and sepsis management.A total of 125 articles meeting our criteria were included for qualitative synthesis.To ensure reliability,we focused only on articles published in the English language within the last two decades,excluding animal studies,in vitro/molecular studies,and non-original data like editorials,letters,protocols,and conference abstracts.These advancements reflect a dynamic landscape in critical care medicine,where technology,research,and patient-centered approaches converge to improve the quality of care and save lives in ICUs.The future of critical care promises even more innovative solutions to meet the evolving challenges of modern medicine.

Material point method simulation of hydro-mechanical behaviour in twophase porous geomaterials: A state-of-the-art review

The material point method(MPM)has been gaining increasing popularity as an appropriate approach to the solution of coupled hydro-mechanical problems involving large deformation.In this paper,we survey the current state-of-the-art in the MPM simulation of hydro-mechanical behaviour in two-phase porous geomaterials.The review covers the recent advances and developments in the MPM and their extensions to capture the coupled hydro-mechanical problems involving large deformations.The focus of this review is aiming at providing a clear picture of what has or has not been developed or implemented for simulating two-phase coupled large deformation problems,which will provide some direct reference for both practitioners and researchers.

Guided Care护理模式对老年骨质疏松症患者自我管理能力和生活质量的影响

目的探讨分析Guided Care护理模式对老年骨质疏松症患者自我管理能力和生活质量的影响。方法简单随机选取2022年1月—2023年9月山东省泰安荣军医院收治的60例老年骨质疏松症患者为研究对象,按随机数表法将其分为常规组(实施常规护理干预),模式组(在常规组的基础上给予Guided Care护理模式干预),每组30例,两组均持续干预2个月,比较两组患者干预前后的健康认知水平、跌倒风险、自我管理能力、生活质量、护理满意度。结果干预2个月后,模式组的健康认知水平评分高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预2个月后,模式组的跌倒风险评分低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预2个月后,模式组的自我管理能力评分高于常规组,生活质量评分低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。干预2个月后,模式组的护理满意度为93.33%,高于常规组的护理满意度73.33%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.320,P<0.05)。结论在老年骨质疏松症患者中,应用Guided Care护理模式,可以有效地提升患者的健康认知水平及自我管理能力,提高患者的生活质量,降低患者跌倒的风险。

Current interventional options for palliative care for patients with advanced-stage cholangiocarcinoma

Primary biliary tract tumors are malignancies that originate in the liver,bile ducts,or gallbladder.These tumors often present with jaundice of unknown etiology,leading to delayed diagnosis and advanced disease.Currently,several palliative treatment options are available for primary biliary tract tumors.They include percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD),biliary stenting,and surgical interventions such as biliary diversion.Systemic therapy is also commonly used for the palliative treatment of primary biliary tract tumors.It involves the administration of chemotherapy drugs,such as gemcitabine and cisplatin,which have shown promising results in improving overall survival in patients with advanced biliary tract tumors.PTBD is another palliative treatment option for patients with unresectable or inoperable malignant biliary obstruction.Biliary stenting can also be used as a palliative treatment option to alleviate symptoms in patients with unresectable or inoperable malignant biliary obstruction.Surgical interventions,such as biliary diversion,have traditionally been used as palliative options for primary biliary tract tumors.However,biliary diversion only provides temporary relief and does not remove the tumor.Primary biliary tract tumors often present in advanced stages,making palliative treatment the primary option for improving the quality of life of patients.

Acute Renal Failure in COVID-19 Patients in Intensive Care at the CHU du Point G in Mali

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona-virus 2) causes an acute respiratory disease with interstitial and alveolar pneumonia, which can affect several organs including the kidneys [1] [2] [3]. As Mali is no stranger to this pandemic, we report our experience of the management of cases of kidney failure observed in the COVID-19 intensive care unit at the Point G University Hospital Centre (CHU). The aim of this work was to characterise acute renal failure in COVID-19 patients in intensive care, describing the management methods used and determining the vital prognosis. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study, covering an 18-month period from April 2020 to September 2021. We included all patients admitted to the COVID-19 intensive care unit on the basis of a positive RT-PCR and/or the presence of ground-glass images on thoracic computed tomography. Results: We selected 232 patients admitted for COVID-19. Acute Renal Failure (ARF) developed in 71 patients (30.6%). The stages of AKI according to KDIGO were Stage 1 in 28.2%, Stage 2 in 18.3% and Stage 3 in 53.5%. The mean age was 63.96 years, with a standard deviation of 16.6, and males accounted for the majority (71.8%). Organic ARF was found in 80.3% of cases. Risk factors and comorbidities for ARF included advanced age (60.6%), male sex (71.8%), hypertension (52.1%), diabetes (21.1%), invasive mechanical ventilation (71.8%) and septic shock (56.3%). Extra renal purification (haemodialysis) was used in 29.6% of patients. Admission to intensive care ranged from 7 days to 14 days in 43.7% of cases. More than half the patients (52.1%) were in critical condition on admission. Death occurred in 76.1% of patients. Conclusion: ARF appears to occur more frequently in patients with severe COVID-19. It is associated with a poor prognosis.

Automatic Extraction Method of 3D Feature Guidelines for Complex Cultural Relic Surfaces Based on Point Cloud

Cultural relics line graphic serves as a crucial form of traditional artifact information documentation,which is a simple and intuitive product with low cost of displaying compared with 3D models.Dimensionality reduction is undoubtedly necessary for line drawings.However,most existing methods for artifact drawing rely on the principles of orthographic projection that always cannot avoid angle occlusion and data overlapping while the surface of cultural relics is complex.Therefore,conformal mapping was introduced as a dimensionality reduction way to compensate for the limitation of orthographic projection.Based on the given criteria for assessing surface complexity,this paper proposed a three-dimensional feature guideline extraction method for complex cultural relic surfaces.A 2D and 3D combined factor that measured the importance of points on describing surface features,vertex weight,was designed.Then the selection threshold for feature guideline extraction was determined based on the differences between vertex weight and shape index distributions.The feasibility and stability were verified through experiments conducted on real cultural relic surface data.Results demonstrated the ability of the method to address the challenges associated with the automatic generation of line drawings for complex surfaces.The extraction method and the obtained results will be useful for line graphic drawing,displaying and propaganda of cultural relics.