The theory of Smith (1977,1980) is generalized to include both forced and free rotations by introducing an arbitrarily rotating nutation frame.The Eulerien equations are transformed to include the following unknowns:t...The theory of Smith (1977,1980) is generalized to include both forced and free rotations by introducing an arbitrarily rotating nutation frame.The Eulerien equations are transformed to include the following unknowns:the angular velocity of the nutation frame with respect to the spatial frame,which represents the nutation,and the angles defining the orientation of the Earth with respect to the nutation frame,which represents the polar motion.Together with the definition of the nutation frame (as the definition of the nutation frame is arbitrary to some extent),one can solve simultaneously forced and free nutation and polar motion.As demonstrative examples,studies of nutation and polar motion are made by assuming the nutation axis to be the Earth’s figure axis,rotation axis and angular momentum axis respectively.And the case of the celestial ephemeris pole is also studied.展开更多
After the first Earth Orientation Parameters Prediction Comparison Campaign(1 st EOP PCC),the traditional method using least-squares extrapolation and autoregressive(LS+AR)models was considered as one of the polar mot...After the first Earth Orientation Parameters Prediction Comparison Campaign(1 st EOP PCC),the traditional method using least-squares extrapolation and autoregressive(LS+AR)models was considered as one of the polar motion prediction methods with higher accuracy.The traditional method predicts individual polar motion series separately,which has a single input data and limited improvement in prediction accuracy.To address this problem,this paper proposes a new method for predicting polar motion by combining the difference between polar motion series.The X,Y,and Y-X series were predicted separately using LS+AR models.Then,the new forecast value of X series is obtained by combining the forecast value of Y series with that of Y-X series;the new forecast value of Y series is obtained by combining the forecast value of X series with that of Y-X series.The hindcast experimental comparison results from January 1,2011 to April 4,2021 show that the new method achieves a maximum improvement of 12.95%and 14.96%over the traditional method in the X and Y directions,respectively.The new method has obvious advantages compared with the differential method.This study tests the stability and superiority of the new method and provides a new idea for the research of polar motion prediction.展开更多
We elaborate an error budget for the long-term accuracy of IGS（International Global Navigation Satellite System Service） polar motion estimates, concluding that it is probably about 25-30 μas（1-sigma）overall, alt...We elaborate an error budget for the long-term accuracy of IGS（International Global Navigation Satellite System Service） polar motion estimates, concluding that it is probably about 25-30 μas（1-sigma）overall, although it is not possible to quantify possible contributions（mainly annual） that might transfer directly from aliases of subdaily rotational tide errors. The leading sources are biases arising from the need to align daily, observed terrestrial frames, within which the pole coordinates are expressed and which are continuously deforming, to the secular, linear international reference frame. Such biases are largest over spans longer than about a year. Thanks to the very large number of IGS tracking stations, the formal covariance errors are much smaller,around 5 to 10 μas. Large networks also permit the systematic frame-related errors to be more effectively minimized but not eliminated. A number of periodic errors probably also influence polar motion results, mainly at annual, GPS（Global Positioning System） draconitic, and fortnightly periods, but their impact on the overall error budget is unlikely to be significant except possibly for annual tidal aliases. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised in interpreting geophysical excitations near any of the suspect periods.展开更多
While the geodetic excitationχ(t)of polar motion p(t)is essential to improve our understanding of global mass redistributions and relative motions with respect to the terrestrial frame,the widely adopted method to de...While the geodetic excitationχ(t)of polar motion p(t)is essential to improve our understanding of global mass redistributions and relative motions with respect to the terrestrial frame,the widely adopted method to deriveχ(t)from p(t)has biases in both amplitude and phase responses.This study has developed a new simple but more accurate method based on the combination of the frequency-and time-domain Liouville's equation(FTLE).The FTLE method has been validated not only with 6-h sampled synthetic excitation series but also with daily and 6-h sampled polar motion measurements as well asχ(t)produced by the interactive webpage tool of the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service(IERS).Numerical comparisons demonstrate thatχ(t)derived from the FTLE method has superior performances in both the time and frequency domains with respect to that obtained from the widely adopted method or the IERS webpage tool,provided that the input p(t)series has a length around or more than 25 years,which presents no practical limitations since the necessary polar motion data are readily available.The FTLE code is provided in the form of Mat Lab function.展开更多
Earthquakes heavily deform the crust in the vicinity of the fault, which leads to mass redistribution in the earth interior. Then it will produce the change of the Earth＇s rotation （ polar motion and length of day）...Earthquakes heavily deform the crust in the vicinity of the fault, which leads to mass redistribution in the earth interior. Then it will produce the change of the Earth＇s rotation （ polar motion and length of day） due to the change of Earth inertial moment. This paper adopts the elastic dislocation to compute the co-seismic polar motion and variation in length of day （LOD） caused by the 2011 Sumatra earthquake. The Earth＇s rota- tional axis shifted about 1 mas and this earthquake decreased the length of day of 1 p,s, indicating the tendency of earthquakes make the Earth rounder and to pull the mass toward the centre of the Earth. The result of varia- tion in length of day is one order of magnitude smaller than the observed results that are available. We also compared the results of three fault models and find the co-seismic change is depended on the fault model.展开更多
This paper deals with the components of pcriod of 29.8 yr in polar motion and △ I. o. d. The oscillation of inner core (OIC), as a most possible cause of them, is proposed. Parameters of oscillation are found and its...This paper deals with the components of pcriod of 29.8 yr in polar motion and △ I. o. d. The oscillation of inner core (OIC), as a most possible cause of them, is proposed. Parameters of oscillation are found and its effects on Earth’s mass center (EMC), distance of observatories to EMC, gravity and latitude are estimated.展开更多
A time series of length of the day (LOD) and polar motion (PM) were estimated from the range data measured by the satellite laser ranging technique (SLR) to LAGEOS 1/2 through 1993 to 2006. Com-pared with EOPC04 relea...A time series of length of the day (LOD) and polar motion (PM) were estimated from the range data measured by the satellite laser ranging technique (SLR) to LAGEOS 1/2 through 1993 to 2006. Com-pared with EOPC04 released by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS),the root mean squares errors for LOD,X and Y of PM are 0.0067 milliseconds (ms),0.18 milli-arc-sec-onds (mas) and 0.20 mas,respectively. Then the time series are analyzed with the wavelet transforma-tion and least squares method. Wavelet analysis shows that there are the obvious seasonal and inter-annual variations of LOD and PM,but the annual variation cannot be distinguished from the Chandler variation because these two frequencies are very close. The trends and periodic variations of LOD and PM are given in the least squares sense. LOD changes with the annual and semiannual periods. The annual and Chandler variations for PM are also detected,but the semiannual motion for PM is not found. The trend rate of the LOD change in 1993―2006 is ?0.18 ms per year,and the difference from the well-known 1.7 ms per century showed that the trend rate is diverse in different periods possibly. The trend rates of PM in the X and Y directions are 2.25 and 1.67 mas per year respectively,and the North Pole moves to 36.5°E relative to the crust,which is different from the direction of Greenland.展开更多
1 Studies of seismic excitation of the polar motion The earth’s rotation varies slightly with time. The 3-D earth rotation variation canbe conveniently separated into two components: i) the 1-D variation in the spin ...1 Studies of seismic excitation of the polar motion The earth’s rotation varies slightly with time. The 3-D earth rotation variation canbe conveniently separated into two components: i) the 1-D variation in the spin rate, oftenexpressed in terms of the length-of-day variation, ii) the 2-D variation in the rotational axisorientation, known as the polar motion as seen in the terrestrial referenee frame.展开更多
基金ProjectsupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChi na (No .498740 0 3)
文摘The theory of Smith (1977,1980) is generalized to include both forced and free rotations by introducing an arbitrarily rotating nutation frame.The Eulerien equations are transformed to include the following unknowns:the angular velocity of the nutation frame with respect to the spatial frame,which represents the nutation,and the angles defining the orientation of the Earth with respect to the nutation frame,which represents the polar motion.Together with the definition of the nutation frame (as the definition of the nutation frame is arbitrary to some extent),one can solve simultaneously forced and free nutation and polar motion.As demonstrative examples,studies of nutation and polar motion are made by assuming the nutation axis to be the Earth’s figure axis,rotation axis and angular momentum axis respectively.And the case of the celestial ephemeris pole is also studied.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42174011 and 41874001)Jiangxi Province Graduate Student Innovation Fund(No.YC2021-S614)+2 种基金Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.20202BABL212015)the East China University of Technology Ph.D.Project(No.DNBK2019181)the Key Laboratory for Digital Land and Resources of Jiangxi Province,East China University of Technology(No.DLLJ202109)
文摘After the first Earth Orientation Parameters Prediction Comparison Campaign(1 st EOP PCC),the traditional method using least-squares extrapolation and autoregressive(LS+AR)models was considered as one of the polar motion prediction methods with higher accuracy.The traditional method predicts individual polar motion series separately,which has a single input data and limited improvement in prediction accuracy.To address this problem,this paper proposes a new method for predicting polar motion by combining the difference between polar motion series.The X,Y,and Y-X series were predicted separately using LS+AR models.Then,the new forecast value of X series is obtained by combining the forecast value of Y series with that of Y-X series;the new forecast value of Y series is obtained by combining the forecast value of X series with that of Y-X series.The hindcast experimental comparison results from January 1,2011 to April 4,2021 show that the new method achieves a maximum improvement of 12.95%and 14.96%over the traditional method in the X and Y directions,respectively.The new method has obvious advantages compared with the differential method.This study tests the stability and superiority of the new method and provides a new idea for the research of polar motion prediction.
文摘We elaborate an error budget for the long-term accuracy of IGS（International Global Navigation Satellite System Service） polar motion estimates, concluding that it is probably about 25-30 μas（1-sigma）overall, although it is not possible to quantify possible contributions（mainly annual） that might transfer directly from aliases of subdaily rotational tide errors. The leading sources are biases arising from the need to align daily, observed terrestrial frames, within which the pole coordinates are expressed and which are continuously deforming, to the secular, linear international reference frame. Such biases are largest over spans longer than about a year. Thanks to the very large number of IGS tracking stations, the formal covariance errors are much smaller,around 5 to 10 μas. Large networks also permit the systematic frame-related errors to be more effectively minimized but not eliminated. A number of periodic errors probably also influence polar motion results, mainly at annual, GPS（Global Positioning System） draconitic, and fortnightly periods, but their impact on the overall error budget is unlikely to be significant except possibly for annual tidal aliases. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised in interpreting geophysical excitations near any of the suspect periods.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 41874025 and 41474022)。
文摘While the geodetic excitationχ(t)of polar motion p(t)is essential to improve our understanding of global mass redistributions and relative motions with respect to the terrestrial frame,the widely adopted method to deriveχ(t)from p(t)has biases in both amplitude and phase responses.This study has developed a new simple but more accurate method based on the combination of the frequency-and time-domain Liouville's equation(FTLE).The FTLE method has been validated not only with 6-h sampled synthetic excitation series but also with daily and 6-h sampled polar motion measurements as well asχ(t)produced by the interactive webpage tool of the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service(IERS).Numerical comparisons demonstrate thatχ(t)derived from the FTLE method has superior performances in both the time and frequency domains with respect to that obtained from the widely adopted method or the IERS webpage tool,provided that the input p(t)series has a length around or more than 25 years,which presents no practical limitations since the necessary polar motion data are readily available.The FTLE code is provided in the form of Mat Lab function.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41174063)
文摘Earthquakes heavily deform the crust in the vicinity of the fault, which leads to mass redistribution in the earth interior. Then it will produce the change of the Earth＇s rotation （ polar motion and length of day） due to the change of Earth inertial moment. This paper adopts the elastic dislocation to compute the co-seismic polar motion and variation in length of day （LOD） caused by the 2011 Sumatra earthquake. The Earth＇s rota- tional axis shifted about 1 mas and this earthquake decreased the length of day of 1 p,s, indicating the tendency of earthquakes make the Earth rounder and to pull the mass toward the centre of the Earth. The result of varia- tion in length of day is one order of magnitude smaller than the observed results that are available. We also compared the results of three fault models and find the co-seismic change is depended on the fault model.
文摘This paper deals with the components of pcriod of 29.8 yr in polar motion and △ I. o. d. The oscillation of inner core (OIC), as a most possible cause of them, is proposed. Parameters of oscillation are found and its effects on Earth’s mass center (EMC), distance of observatories to EMC, gravity and latitude are estimated.
基金Supported by the International S&T Cooperation Program of China (Grant No.2006DFA21980)Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2006AA12z303)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.40774009)
文摘A time series of length of the day (LOD) and polar motion (PM) were estimated from the range data measured by the satellite laser ranging technique (SLR) to LAGEOS 1/2 through 1993 to 2006. Com-pared with EOPC04 released by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS),the root mean squares errors for LOD,X and Y of PM are 0.0067 milliseconds (ms),0.18 milli-arc-sec-onds (mas) and 0.20 mas,respectively. Then the time series are analyzed with the wavelet transforma-tion and least squares method. Wavelet analysis shows that there are the obvious seasonal and inter-annual variations of LOD and PM,but the annual variation cannot be distinguished from the Chandler variation because these two frequencies are very close. The trends and periodic variations of LOD and PM are given in the least squares sense. LOD changes with the annual and semiannual periods. The annual and Chandler variations for PM are also detected,but the semiannual motion for PM is not found. The trend rate of the LOD change in 1993―2006 is ?0.18 ms per year,and the difference from the well-known 1.7 ms per century showed that the trend rate is diverse in different periods possibly. The trend rates of PM in the X and Y directions are 2.25 and 1.67 mas per year respectively,and the North Pole moves to 36.5°E relative to the crust,which is different from the direction of Greenland.
文摘1 Studies of seismic excitation of the polar motion The earth’s rotation varies slightly with time. The 3-D earth rotation variation canbe conveniently separated into two components: i) the 1-D variation in the spin rate, oftenexpressed in terms of the length-of-day variation, ii) the 2-D variation in the rotational axisorientation, known as the polar motion as seen in the terrestrial referenee frame.
