Heavy Metal Distribution Map in Soil by Using GIS Techniques

A detailed investigation was conducted to understand the contamination characteristics and distributions of heavy metal pollution in terms of contributions of the heavy metal concentrations as mg/kg ofCd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb, Fe and Mn in the urban soil in Eskisehir city center. The amount of these heavy metals were determined from 15 soil sample points collected within urban area and every sample point included 6 separated samples for chemical analyses. The results indicated that concentration values of all metals except Ni and Cr in soils were below the risky limit pollution values which are recommended by Turkey Ministry of Environment and Forestry in some sample points. Spatial distribution maps were created and recoded, in terms of these heavy metals concentrations as contribution to heavy metal pollution in soil, through Geographical Information Systems techniques. As a result, risky areas were modeled in terms of contamination of heavy metal and it is shown that, every different risky area can be interpreted based on buildings in city center quickly and easily.

Research Progressing of Present Contamination of Cd in Soil and Restoration Method

Cadmium is one of the important contaminative heavy metals. Due to continuous increase of discharge of Cadmium in industrial and agriculture production, cadmium contamination of soil is more and more serious day by day, which seriously threatens ecological environment and human health. Treatment of cadmium becomes an urgent issue and research hot point. At present, remedy for cadmium pollution upon soil mainly are physical restoration, chemical restoration and biological restoration, also there are measurements by means of adding external source matter and selecting low-Cd-accumulation varieties so as to reduce cadmium harm upon agricultural products. This article introduces in detail the resource of cadmium in soil and the present condition of cadmium pollution in farmland and processing of domestic cadmium pollution research, processing stage of domestic and foreign research of restoration of cadmium polluted soil as well as various peculiarities of repair methods. Finally, the expectation of research is discussed.

Impact of drilling waste pollution on land cover in a high subarctic forest-tundra zone

Global climate changes can lead to the destruction of the permafrost zone and contribute to the active transfer of pollutants to natural waters.This can be especially pronounced in the areas of oil and gas production in the Arctic.This study aimed to define the landscape components(i.e.,groundwater,soil water,soil,and indicator plant species)of chemical pollution with metals,oil hydrocarbons,and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,from the discharge of drill cuttings.Studies at two sites in the forest-tundra zone of Western Siberia(Russia)were carried out within two years of pollution.Pollutant migration was found in peaty-gley heavy loamy soils and iron-illuvial clayey podburs,but lateral migration of different pollutants did not exceed 200 m.Additionally,radial migration was practically absent owing to the high buffering capacity of the soil organic horizon and the upward flow of matter in the seasonal melt layer.The main indicators of drilling waste pollution were high concentrations of Sr,Ba,petroleum hydrocarbons,and Cl^(-)ions.At the waste disposal sites,the concentration of Ba and Sr in the soil water were 1150 and 1410μg L^(-1),respectively;in groundwater,they reached 721 and 2360μg L^(-1),respectively.In the soil,Ba and Sr accumulated in the peaty horizon(798 and 706 mg kg^(-1),respectively).The concentration of Cl^(-)ions in the soil water at the site of waste discharge was 1912 mg L^(-1),and at a distance of 200 m,it decreased to 77.4 mg L^(-1).The Cl^(-)concentration in the groundwater was lower,and at a distance of 200 m,it was 38.9 mg L^(-1).The highest concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons in the surface layer was found in the peaty-gley soils(up to 2400 mg kg^(-1)).In glandular-illuvial podburs,it was 420 mg kg^(-1).In horizons BH and BC,it was close to the background values(27 and 33 mg kg^(-1),respectively).Alkalinization of soils and water under the influence of drill cuttings led to the death of oligotrophic and acidophilic vegetation at a distance of up to 50 m,and to the restructuring of the species and spatial structure of plant communities up to 100 m.