Needs and challenges of optical atmospheric monitoring on the background of carbon neutrality in China

The achievement of the targets of coordinated control of PM2.5 and O3 and the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality depend on the development of pollution and greenhouse gas monitoring technologies.Optical monitoring technology,based on its technical characteristics of high scalability,high sensitivity and wide-targets detection,has obvious advantages in pollution/greenhouse gases monitoring and has become an important direction in the development of environmental monitoring technology.At present,a system of environmental optical monitoring technology with differential optical absorption spectroscopy(DOAS),cavity ring-down spectroscopy(CRDS),light detection and ranging(LIDAR),laser heterodyne spectroscopy(LHS),tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy(TDLAS),fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and fluorescence assay by gas expansion(FAGE)as the main body has been established.However,with the promotion of“reduction of pollution and carbon emissions”strategy,there have been significant changes in the sources of pollution/greenhouse gases,emission components and emission concentrations,which have put forward new and higher requirements for the development of monitoring technologies.In the future,we should pay more attention to the development of new optical monitoring techniques and the construction of stereoscopic monitoring system,the interdisciplinarity(among mathematics,physics,chemistry and biology,etc.),and the monitoring of greenhouse gases and research on atmospheric chemistry.

傅里叶红外系统监测大气中温室气体的污染特征

研制了一套90 m的开放光路傅里叶变换红外光谱(OP-FTIR)温室气体分析测量设备,并利用该设备开展了CO_(2)、CH_(2)和CO质量浓度的高精度检测。OP-FTIR系统反演CO_(2)、CH_(2)和CO的光谱区域分别为2102~2250 cm^(-1)、2920~3140 cm^(-1)和2172~2210 cm^(-1)。以采集到的中红外吸收光谱为反演基准,开展了与Picarro温室气体分析仪的对比测试。选取测量期间10 d的数据,研究了温湿度、风向风速与环境大气中CO_(2)、CH_(2)和CO质量浓度的关联度,并详细分析了污染物的日变化特征。实验结果表明:研制的OP-FTIR光谱系统监测温室气体质量浓度具有较高的可靠性;温度、相对湿度、风速和风向对当地污染物质量浓度影响显著;CO_(2)、CH_(2)和CO质量浓度的时序变化具有明显的周期性变化趋势。将CO、CH_(2)质量浓度分别与CO_(2)质量浓度进行相关性分析,相关系数分别为0.495和0.659。