Decorative Wood Fiber/High-Density Polyethylene Composite with Canvas or Polyester Fabric

Wood-plastic composite is an environmentally friendly material,due to its use of recycled thermoplastics and plant fibers.However,its surface lacks attractive aesthetic qualities.In this paper,a method of decorating wood fiber/high-density polyethylene(WF/HDPE)without adding adhesive was explored.Canvas or polyester fabrics were selected as the surface decoration materials.The influence of hot-pressing temperature and WF/HDPE ratio on the adhesion was studied.The surface bonding strength,water resistance,and surface color were evaluated,and observation within the infrared spectrum and under scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the bonding process.The results showed that the fabric and WF/HDPE substrate could be closely laminated together depending on the HDPE layer accumulated on the WF/HDPE surface.The molten HDPE matrix penetrates canvas more easily than polyester fabric,and the canvasveneered composite shows a greater bonding strength than does the polyester fabric-veneered composite.A higher proportion of the thermoplastic component in the substrate improved the bonding.When the hot-pressing temperature exceeded 160°C,the fabric-veneered WF/HDPE panels had greater water resistance,although the canvas fabric changed more obviously in terms of fiber shape and color,compared with the polyester fabric.For the canvas fabric,140°C–160°C was a suitable hot-pressing temperature,whereas 160°C–180°C was more suitable for polyester fabric.The proportion of the thermoplastic component in the composite should be not less than 30%to achieve adequate bonding strength.

Mechanical Properties of Glass Fiber/Unsaturated Polyester Resin Composite Water Collector

The water collector is operated in the humid and hot environment of the cooling tower all the year round.It also needs to carry part of the weight of water and silt.Therefore,it is particularly critical to optimize the material of the water collector and improve its mechanical properties.Polyester,a general term of polymer obtained from polyols and polyacids,is a kind of engineering plastics with excellent properties and wide applications.Glass fiber is a reinforced plastic reinforcement material,and the biggest characteristic of it is the high tensile strength and good heat resistance.In this paper,glass fiber reinforced polyester resin composite material is prepared,its tensile properties and bending properties are tested,and the performance of the imported material JK2020B is compared and analyzed.The results show that the elastic modulus along the fiber direction is relatively high,but the interlayer force in the direction of thickness and width is very small.This review provides a guidance for production process.

Performance Improvement of Kenaf/Glass Polymer Hybrid Composites by Effective Application of Fish Scale Powder as Filler:A Novel Approach

Modern technology for developing new items made from renewable resources is becoming more and more popular as a result of rising environmental concern.Recently,contemporary polymer composites have included the hybridization of natural fibers with synthetic ones,along with the inclusion of a variety of biowaste filler for developing sustainable goods.In this work,the kenaf/glass hybrid polyester composites are strengthened by the addition of fish scale(FS),which is taken from the fishs outermost layer of skin.Five different stacked-order laminates,such as KKKK,KGKG,GKKG,KGGK,and GGGG,are fabricated by using the hand lay-up method with four different weight concentrations of filler content:0%,5%,10%,and 15%.Mechanical possessions such as tensile,flexural,impact strength and micro-hardness have been evaluated through experimentation in accordance with ASTM standards.The experimental findings revealed that,the tensile strength and micro-hardness value of KGKG laminates with 15wt% of FS filler are found to be maximum of 118.72 MPa and 17.82 HV respectively which are 39.67%and 26.11%greater than that of KGKG laminates without FS filler.However,the flexural and impact strength of same laminates with 10 wt% FS filler exhibited a maximum value of 142.77 MPa and 62.08 kJ/m^(2).In order to corroborate its applicability for structural and building materials in open environment,the dimensional stability of the composite has been studied through moisture absorption test.The influences of FS filler loading on dimensional stability and resistance to moisture absorption capacity of laminates are also investigated.The experimental results reflected that the addition of FS-filler has significantly improved the dimensional stability of the laminates in moist environment by reducing the moisture absorption tendency.To further support the mode of failures,a fractography investigation of fractured surfaces was conducted.

Humidity Diffusion on Jute/Polyester Laminated Composites and Its Effects on Mechanical Properties

Jute is a natural fiber widely used as reinforcement in composites due to its high tensile strength and stiffness,but they can easily absorb water and have their physical properties compromised.The water absorption properties of jute/polyester composites are evaluated according to ASTM D 570 and the effect of humidity in the composite mechanical behavior is also analyzed.The composite showed a pseudo-Fickian behavior and gained 13.37%in weight after the test.It also lost tensile strength and elasticity modulus,and increased its specific deformation.Scanning electron microscope images showed that wet specimens were more subject to cracks,voids and fiber pullout than dry specimens.Failures produced by water diffusion in composite and polymer plasticization,added to breakdown in the fibers’cellulosic structures,justify the change in mechanical properties due to water absorption.

Silicon-Basing Ceramizable Composites Containing Long Fibers

Ceramization is a phenomenon which assures compactness of polymer-based composites in the case of their thermal degradation caused by open fire or exposure at high temperatures. This phenomenon is based on preventing volatiles of thermal decomposition of silicone rubber from evacuation by creation of ceramic layer. This ceramized structure is composed of mineral filer particles, connected by fluxing agent—glassy phase. The ceramic barrier created during firing is aimed to protect copper wire inside the cable from melting, being additionally strong enough to maintain integrity of electrical circuit. The paper presents experimental data on mechanical properties of silicone rubber composites strengthened additionally with long fibers of different types—aluminosilicate and polyamide (Kevlar) ones. Fibers were introduced into composites in oriented way. Mechanical properties were investigated taking into account fiber orientation anisotropy. Ceramization process of composites was described by observation of morphology and strengthen measurements of samples fired at 1000°C.

STUDIES ON THE CRIMP BEHAVIOR OF SIDE-BY-SIDE BICOMPONENT POLYAMIDE FIBERS

The supermolecular structure and mechanical properties as well as the crimp behavior of theside-by-side polyamide (PA 66-C710) fibers are studied by means of density gradient method,sonic measurement,X-ray,diffractometry,differential scanning calorimetry,crimp tester etc.fortheir as-spun fibers,drawn fibers,and boiling-water treated fibers.The effects of the processingand treatment conditions on the formation of the supermolecular structure and the crimp behaviorof the fibers are investigated and discussed in detail,also the crimp mechanism of the side-by-sidebicomponent fibers is proposed.From these results,it is shown that by adopting suitable spinningfinish,reasonable processing technology and optimal heat treatment conditions the side-by-sidebicomponent polyamide fibers with excellent crimp property,close to that of nylon texturizedstretch yarns,can be obtained.

Mechanical and Microstructural Characteristics of the Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials

Composite fiber materials are superior materials due to their high strength and light weight. Composites reflect the properties of their constituents, which is proportional to the volume fraction of each phase. There are different fiber reinforcement types and each affects its flexural, tensile and compression strength. When selecting a composite for a specific application, the forces excreted on the composite must be known in order to determine the reinforcement type. Unidirectional fiber reinforcement will allow very strong load resistance but only in one direction where as a random orientated fiber reinforcement can resist less load but can maintain this quota in all directions. These materials are said to be anisotropic. Certain composite fibers, taking into consideration their weights, are physically stronger than conventional metals. In this paper, specific light-weight components with different reinforcement types, volume fraction and phase content were newly composed, tested, characterized and evaluated. By applying a novel method, a model which including the various matrix compositions, reinforcement types of each specific component, and its dual-properties was developed according to the structure characteristics. It was shown that certain reinforced composites such as carbon fiber, tend to be much stronger than metals when taking account its weight ratio. The outcome of this research lays a good foundation for the further carbon fiber-based material design work.

Fabrication and Characterization of Glass Fiber with SiC Reinforced Polymer Composites

Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymeric (GFRP) Composites are most commonly used as bumpers for vehicles, electrical equipment panels, and medical devices enclosures. These materials are also widely used for structural applications in aerospace, automotive, and in providing alternatives to traditional metallic materials. The paper fabricated epoxy and polyester resin composites by using silicon carbide in various proportions along with GFRP. The hand lay-up technique was used to fabricate the laminates. To determine the properties of fabricated composites, the tensile, impact, and flexural tests were conducted. This method of fabrication was very simple and cost-effective. Their mechanical properties like yield strength, yield strain, Young’s modulus, flexural modulus, and impact energy were investigated. The mechanical properties of the GFRP composites were also compared with the fiber volume fraction. The fiber volume fraction plays a major role in the mechanical properties of GFRP composites. Young’s modulus and tensile strength of fabricated composites were modelled and compared with measured values. The results show that composites with epoxy resin demonstrate higher strength and modulus compared to composites with polyester resin.

Effects of different modifiers on the properties of wood-polymer composites

Wood-polymer composites (WPC) were prepared from wood fiber and four kinds of plastics such as PE, PS, ABS, and SAN. The effects of different modifiers on the mechanical properties of the composites were studied. The results showed modifiers could raise the bonding strength of wood fiber with polymer and improve the mechanical properties of the composites. Different modifiers had different effects on the properties of wood-polymer composites, and comparatively the modifier of isocyanate produced a better result. Wood-polymer composite takes not only the advantages of both wood fiber and polymer, but waterproof, dimensional stability and dynamic strength are also significantly improved. Key word Wood fiber - Thermoplastic polyester - Wood-polymer composites - Modifier - Mechanical properties CLC number TB332 Document code A Foundation item: This study was supported by the Harbin Technology Tackle Key Plan (Development Research of Wood-Polymer Composites with High Wood Matrix) and by Heilongjing Nature Science Fund (Composite Mechanism Study of the Wood Polymer).Biography: XU Min (1963-), Female, Associate professor in Material Science and Engineering College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai

Flexural Properties of Weft Knitted Fabric Reinforced Composites

Several different kinds of weft knitted fabrics from glass fiber yarns were used as reinforcement to make fabric/polyester composite laminates. Flexural tests were carried out to examine stress- deflection process and compare the mechanical properties in course and wale directions of these composites. The experimental results indicate that the numbers of load-bearing yarn in course and wale direction and the fabric density are the main factors influencing the ultimate tensile strength and initial elastic modulus of specimens.

Synthesis and Application of Easy Hydrolysis Degradable Polyester

An easy hydrolysis degradable polyester (EHDP) is synthesized; the fiber produced from which can be hydrolyzed by dilute basic solution easily. The properties of these kind polyesters are measured. The results show that this kind polymer is suitable to be spun into filament The EHDP can be spun into staple fiber and manufactured into non-woven fabric. This fabric is used as disposable clothes. In composite spinning, the PET (polyethylen glycol terephthalate) or PA (polyamide) is used as continuous phase, and EHDP used as dispersed phase. Then the fabric of this kind fiber is treated by basic solution; the ultra-fine fiber fabric is obtained.The fineness of the fiber is about 0.045 dtex. In blend spinning, EHDP is mixed with polypropylene (PP) to produce hollow fiber with micro-holes in radical direction. This fiber is a usable material in filter especially in medical use.

Fabrication and Properties of Graphene Oxide/Sulfonated Polyethersulfone Layer-by-layer Assembled Polyester Fiber Composite Proton Exchange Membranes

Using the hydrogen-bonding interaction between graphene oxide（GO） and sulfonated polyethersulfone （SPES）, we constructed the multilayer structure of GO and SPES on the polyester tiber mats via layer-by-layer self-assembly. In each self-assembled layer, sulfonic acid groups are arranged along the a^s of fiber, which provides the long-range proton transmission channels, promoting the rapidly proton conduction. The performances of the composite membranes based on SPES and multilayer assembled polyester fiber mats were studied. The results show that the proton conductivity of composite membranes increases with the increasing assembly layers. At the same time, the mechanical properties and methanol-resistance of the composite membranes were obviously improved.

Mechanical Property and Morphological Analysis of Polyester Composites Reinforced with Cyperuspangorei Fibers

In the present work,polyester composites reinforced with a newly identified Cyperus pangorei fiber(CPF)were developed by compression moulding technique.The effects of varying fiber content and fiber length on the mechanical properties of the Cyperus pangorei fiber reinforced polyester composites(CPFCs)such as tensile,flexural,and impact properties were studied.Mechanical strength of the CPFCs increased with fiber length up to 40 mm beyond which a reverse trend was observed.Based on the test results,it was concluded that the critical fiber length and the optimum fiber weight percentage were 40 mm and 40 wt%respectively.The maximum increase of 164%and 117%were found for the tensile and flexural strength of the composite with 40 mm fiber length and 40 wt%fiber content,respectively.On the other hand,a 64%increase in impact strength was noticed for the optimum case.The increasing contact surface between the fiber and the polyester matrix in optimum condition can restrict the probability of fiber pullout and in turn can make the composite carry more load.The chemical structure of CPF was also analyzed using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR)spectrum.The morphological analysis of fractured samples was performed using Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)to understand the interfacial bonding between CPFs and polyester matrix.The optimal composite can be a suitable alternative in the field of structural applications in construction and automobile industries.

Experimental investigation and prediction of wear behavior of cotton fiber polyester composites

The cotton fiber reinforced polyester composites were fabricated with varying amount of graphite fillers (0,3,5 wt.％) with a hand lay-up technique.Wear tests were planned by using a response surface (Box Behnken method) design of experiments and conducted on a pin-on-disc machine (POD) test setup.The effect of the weight percentage of graphite content on the dry sliding wear behavior of cotton fiber polyester composite (CFPC) was examined by considering the effect of operating parameters like load,speed,and sliding distance.The wear test results showed the inclusion of 5 wt.％ of graphite as fillers in CFPC increase wear resistance compared to 3 wt.％ of graphite fillers.The graphite fillers were recommended for CFPC to increase the wear resistance of the material.A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to study the wear mechanism.To predict the wear behavior of the composite material,comparisons were made between the general regression technique and an artificial neural network (ANN).The conformation test results revealed the predicted wear with the ANN was acceptable when compared with the actual experimental results and the regression mathematical models.

静电纺聚酰胺6/聚苯乙烯复合纳米纤维膜制备及其空气过滤性能

针对空气过滤纤维材料的过滤效率、阻力和使用寿命难以平衡的问题,采用多喷头静电纺丝技术,制备了不同直径、形貌纤维及不同纤维沉积顺序的聚酰胺6/聚苯乙烯(PA6/PS)复合纳米纤维膜,测试了复合膜的平均孔径及孔隙率,建立了纤维结构与过滤效率及阻力的构效关系;结合扫描电镜表征探讨了不同形貌、直径纤维的叠加次序对过滤寿命及细颗粒物沉积行为的影响,系统研究了过滤风速、细颗粒物尺寸对过滤性能的影响。结果表明:在5.33 cm/s的风速下,以多喷头静电纺丝方式制备的PA6/PS复合膜具有更好的抵抗风速变化的能力,在长期使用中阻力增加较缓慢,其具有93.13%的过滤效率,30.67 Pa的过滤阻力和0.0889 Pa-1的品质因子,综合过滤性能优于同等条件下H10等级(过滤效率>90%)的商业玻璃纤维过滤膜。

玻纤增强PA6焊机外壳性能的影响因素数值模拟

深入探讨了玻璃纤维增强聚酰胺6在焊机外壳应用中的性能表现,并基于ANSYS软件平台,进行了静力学仿真和落球冲击仿真分析,旨在揭示玻纤含量、玻纤长径比以及玻纤取向等关键参数对焊机外壳性能的影响。静力学分析显示,当外壳承受2500 N的拉力时,玻纤含量的增加对焊机外壳应力强度的影响较小,但能够降低了外壳变形程度。当玻纤质量分数超过25%时,等效应力趋于稳定(约51 MPa)。此外,玻纤的取向对焊机外壳性能具有显著影响。当纤维沿X轴和Z轴取向且各占50%时(方向向量为a2),外壳的等效应力达54.6 MPa,同时变形量最小,仅为0.5 mm,这一性能与玻纤质量分数为40%的外壳相当。而玻纤长径比的增加对等效应力的影响并不显著,但有助于减少变形。进一步,通过落球冲击分析发现,随着玻纤含量的增加,外壳的等效应力逐渐增大,变形逐渐减小,这一趋势与静力学分析结果高度一致。当玻纤质量分数低于20%时,焊机外壳在冲击下易出现破裂;然而,当玻纤质量分数为20%~35%时,外壳表现出了优异的冲击性能,未出现开裂现象。

气田注醇用柔性复合管服役性能

采用涤纶纤维增强尼龙内衬的柔性复合管在气田高压注醇环境中得到大量应用,随着服役时间的增加,管线本体老化和接头失效频发。为明确该类柔性复合管在气田注醇环境应用后性能变化及其工况适应性,针对服役前后柔性复合管各功能层,开展了形貌分析、理化性能分析及承压性能测试。结果表明,在高压注醇环境服役后复合管尼龙内衬层材料和涤纶纤维增强层材料外观发生了一定变化,外保护层龟裂。在甲醇介质作用下服役后的复合管尼龙内衬层材料初始热分解温度和熔融焓降低。甲醇介质经内衬层渗透进入柔性复合管夹层,聚酯纤维与醇类基团发生解聚反应,致使复合管服役后的纤维拉伸性能及在役管线爆破强度显著降低。管体爆破强度降低情况与纤维拉伸性能具有较好的一致性,且接头为薄弱部位。原有PA1212和PA66内衬材料不能长期适用于现场高压注醇工况环境,后期建议使用前针对内衬材料开展耐甲醇介质溶胀及渗透性能选材评价。

聚酯纤维与抗车辙剂对沥青混合料路用性能的影响

为探究聚酯纤维与抗车辙剂复合掺加条件下的沥青混合料性能改良效果,设计室内试验,分析单掺聚酯纤维、单掺抗车辙剂以及复掺聚酯纤维与抗车辙剂等条件下沥青混合料的抗疲劳性能、水稳定性能、低温性能及高温性能。试验结果显示:相较于单掺聚酯纤维、单掺抗车辙剂组沥青混合料,复掺聚酯纤维和抗车辙剂组的沥青混合料具有更强的高温性能、低温性能和抗疲劳性能,但低温性能和抗疲劳性能相较于单掺聚酯纤维组的提升幅度较小,且疲劳寿命对应力比的敏感性较低。复掺组沥青混合料的水稳定性和单掺组的相比没有明显差异。

聚酰胺酸大分子偶联剂乳液的合成及其在回收玻璃纤维增强高温尼龙的界面改性中的应用

为提升回收玻璃纤维(Recycled glass fiber,rGF)在增强高温尼龙复合材料中的应用价值,制备用于rGF表面处理的耐高温型玻璃纤维浸润剂。以4,4′-联苯醚二酐(ODPA)为二酸酐单体、4,4′-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)为二胺单体,合成聚酰胺酸(PAA),然后与γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)反应得到聚酰胺酸大分子偶联剂(PAA-KH550);通过调控ODPA与ODA单体比例,制备得到稳定分散的自乳化PAA-KH550乳液。通过激光粒度分析仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪及热失重分析仪对乳液的粒径、化学结构及PAA-KH550乳液固化膜的耐高温性能进行测试;并采用扫描电子显微镜、单纤维强力机、全自动表面张力仪及复合材料界面评价装置对乳液涂覆的GF进行形貌观察、单丝性能测试、浸润性测试及与聚酰胺46(PA46)的界面剪切强度测试。结果表明:乳液平均粒径均为110~125 nm,且粒径分布较小;PAA-KH550乳液固化膜耐高温性能优于PAA乳液固化膜,其5%热分解温度(T_(d5))在350℃以上;制得的乳液能在rGF表面均匀成膜,有效弥补纤维表面缺陷,从而提升rGF的力学性能。此外,乳液涂敷固化后在纤维表面形成的涂层可有效提高纤维表面能,有助于改善GF与PA46的界面结合性能;实验测得经PAA-KH550乳液处理的GF/PA46复合材料的界面剪切强度(IFSS)最高达到(31.29±6.39)MPa,相比未经乳液处理的样品提高了37%。制备的水体系分散稳定的PAA乳液和PAA-KH550乳液,将其应用于rGF表面可有效恢复rGF的综合性能,同时可改善与PA46的界面结合,提高rGF/PA46复合材料的耐高温性能及力学性能,为rGF在高性能复合材料中的应用提供了新方案。

涤纶POY/FDY复合丝环吹风冷却工艺探讨

以特性黏数0.65~0.68 dL/g的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯熔体为原料,采用环吹风冷却方式,以两对热辊拉伸生产135 dtex/128 f涤纶预取向丝(POY)/全拉伸丝(FDY)复合丝,探讨了在环吹风冷却下无风区的设置、冷却工艺等对复合丝性能的影响。结果表明:在缓冷加热器温度为290℃,无风区高度为120~140 mm,环吹风压力为30~40 Pa,风筒高度为185 mm的较佳环吹风冷却工艺条件下,生产的涤纶POY/FDY复合丝品质较好;相比侧吹风冷却方式,环吹风冷却方式生产的复合丝的条干不匀率变异系数下降38.9%,产品优等品率提高3.2%,毛丝降等率下降22.1%。