Improvement of HydrophUicity and Blood Compatibility on Polyethersulfone Membrane by Blending Sulfonated Polyethersulfone

Polyethersulfone(PES) is widely used as biomaterials due to its thermal stability,mechanical strength,and chemical inertness.Nevertheless,their blood compatibility is still not adequate for hemodialysis and blood purification.In this study,the sulfonated polyethersulfone(SPES) was synthesized through an electrophilic substitution reaction,and PES/SPES blending membranes were prepared.The characterization of the SPES was studied by FTIR.The water adsorption and water contact angle experiments show that the hydrophilicity of PES/SPES blend membrane was improved as for the sulfonate group existing in the SPES.Moreover,PES/SPES blend membrane could effectively reduce bovine serum albumin adsorption and prolong the blood coagulation time compared with the PES membrane,thereby improving blood compatibility.

A STUDY ON COMPATIBILITY OF PBT/PET BINARY BLENDED FIBRE

This paper concerns about the compatibility and morphology of the PBT/PET blended fi-bers.According to the theories of solution thermodynamics,the compatibility of this system hasbeen discussed by using the calculated results e.g.ΔHm,Δδandψab,which were presented by priorinvestigators.The theoretical predictions show that this system may behave as a compatibilitypair.Meanwhile,the compatibility of the crystalline PBT/PET blend system has been studiedwith the help of DSC,WAXD,DDV and SEM.These experiments have further proved that theamorphous region is miscible and the crystal region is not co-crystal.The morphology of thesystem basically belongs to the“interlocked”network.PBT component plays the important rolein increasing the crystallizability and crystallinity of the PBT/PET blend system.In the range ofthe smaller blending proportion,the crystal structure mainly characterizes the crystal configura-tion of the most component and the blending effects is more satisfactory.

ITSTUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF UREA ON THE COMPATIBILITY OF PMMA/PVC MIXTURES IN DMF BY A DILUTE- SOLUTION VISCOMETRY METHOD

The interaction between poly(methymethacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) has been studied indilute urea solutions of dimethylformamide (DMF) at 28℃ using a dilute solution viscometry method. The results show thatthe polymer mixtures are compatible in DMF solution in the absence of urea. The influence of urea addition on the degree ofcompatibility of the polymer mixtures has been studied in terms of the compatibility parameters (△b_m and △[η]_m). It wasfound that the compatibility of the polymer mixtures is decreased with increasing urea addition, passing through a minimumat 0.5 M urea.

ENHANCEMENT OF COMPATIBILITY OF POLYPROPYLENE AND NYLON-66 BY MALEATED POLYPROPYLENE

The compatibility of PP/N-66 blending system modified with maleated polypropylene was studied by means of SEM, DMA and other mechanical testing. It was found that when proper amount of modifier was applied, the compatibility was greatly enhanced and the impact toughness was significantly improved. An important direct evidence of the formation of the interfacial copolymer was also found. However, when excessive amount of modifier was used, the modification effect was not conspicuous. The phenomena were interpreted from a view of molecular motion that the interfacial block copolymer forced the two components to 'compatibilize' and many flexible PP molecules were set free from the restraint of the crystallites of plain PP so as to absorb much more impact energy.

Compatibility and Properties of Biodegradable Blend Films with Gelatin and Poly(vinyl alcohol)

The blend films with gelatin and poly（vinyl alcohol） （PVA） were prepared by a solution casting method. The compatibility between gelatin and PVA in the blend films was investigated. The transmittance, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, x-ray diffraction （XRD）, thermogravimetry analysis （TG）, and differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） were employed to characterize the resultant blend films. According to optic result, the opacity of the blend film at the ratio of 20/80 （w/w, Gel to PVA） was the lowest, indicating the best compatibility between Gel and PVA at the ratio. The results oflR, XRD, DSC, and TG revealed an intensive interaction and good compatibility between them in the blend film at the ratio. The mechanical properties and solubility showed that PVA content in the blend films obviously affected the elongation at break and solubility. The mechanical properties and water resistance of gelatin film may be improved by the introduetion of PVA.

COMPATIBILITY OF POLY (STYRENE-B-2-VINYL PYRIDINE)/IONOMER BLENDS BASED ON ION-LIGAND INTERACTION

In this work, DSC and SEM studies indicate that ion-ligand interaction can be utilized to enhance the interaction of poly (styrene-block-2-vinyl pyridine)[P (S-b-2VP)] and polyethylene based ionomer (Surlyn). The compatibility for this blending system can be improved by this special interaction and 20/80 wt is the optimum blending composition with good compatibility. FTIR results further certify that strong interactions exist in the blending system.

COMPATIBILITY AND PHASE BEHAVIOR OF PS/SBR BLENDS H. TORSIONAL BRAID ANALYSIS

The compatibility and phase behavior of PS/SBR blends was studied with torsional braid analysis technique. The technique used in this study for preparation of braids was first developed by one of the authors, which gives more precise phase diagram as compared to other conventional methods. The results obtained are in good agreement with those obtained in our previous work.

COMPATIBILITY AND PHASE BEHAVIOR OF PS/SBR BLEND Ⅰ. EFFECT OF MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF PS

The results of this study reveals not only the sensitivity of the compatibility of PS with SBR to the molecular weight (MW) of PS and temperature, but also some other interesting characteristics, i. e., unusual morphology change during the process of mixing with increase in temperature of specimen preparation observed under optical microscope and double-peak UCST curves for three blends with PS of low MW from DSC data. Acording to the amount of inward shift of the component T_g's and the broadening of the transition regions, it may be said that this polymer pair is compatible only when the MW of PS is low, and even then there still exists micro-heterogeneity.

Research on Compatible Mode of Self-directed Learning and Cooperative Learning in Blended Teaching of Basic English Course

In the information age,blended teaching,no matter online or offline,has become the mainstream of college teaching reform.In this teaching model,self-directed learning and cooperative learning are the two main learning approaches.On the online teaching platform,students mainly learn knowledge-based content by self-directed learning,while practising their language skills by cooperative learning in flipped classroom activities.On one hand,it advocates student-centered strategy so as to improve students autonomous learning ability;on the other hand,teachers serve as a guide to organize the classroom activities;meanwhile,they give timely feedback to students in order to promote students’learning ability.In blended teaching model,this mutually compatible and reinforcing model of self-directed learning and cooperative learning is undoubtedly helpful to improve the teaching efficiency.

Blend Films of Chitosan-Gelatin

Chitosan\|gelatin blend films were prepared successfully by solution method, and characterized by FT\|IR, X\|ray diffraction, SEM, optical transmittance, percent water absorption and measurements of mechanical properties. The results indicated there was some strong interaction and good compatibility between chitosan and gelatin molecule in the blend films. The introduction of chitosan was beneficial to decrease the percent water absorption,improve mechanical properties of gelatin. \;

A DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYSIS STUDY OF THE TRANSITION BEHAVIOUR OF I-PP/EPDM BLENDS

The transition behaviour of the blends of isotactic polypropylene (i-PP) with ethylene-propylene terpolymer (EPDM) containing 42 wt% propylene was investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis technique (DMA). Owing to its high propylene content, EPDM is compatible with i-PP to some degree. The interaction between the two components was strengthened. As expected, for partially compatible system the glass transition temperature of i-PP in the blends shifted to lower temperature. It was found that there existed two transitions, αEPDM and βEPDM, for the EPDM used in this work. The former was considered to be the glass transition of the random chain segments of EPDM, while the latter the local motion of the long ethylene sequences in EPDM. The unusual transition behaviour of αEPDM in the blends was explained in terms of the greater thermal expansion of EPDM and the compatibility of the two components. On the other hand, the βEPDM changed with the composition of the blends in a regular manner.

VISCOMETRIC STUDY OF POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE) AND POLYSTYRENE BLENDS IN DIFFERENT SOLVENTS

The intermolecular interaction between poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) intetrahydrofuran (THF) and N,N'-dimethyl formamide (DMF) solvents was studied at 28℃ using a dilute solution viscometrymethod. Solvent is believed to play a key role in characterizing the viscosity behavior of the polymer solution. The intrinsicviscosity and viscosity interaction parameter were experimentally measured for the binary (solvent/polymer) and for theternary systems in two solvents. The compatibility of the polymer mixture was discussed in terms of the sign of △b_m. Theresults show that the compatibility of PMMA/PS blend in DMF is larger than that in THF.

GAS PERMEATION OF SEGMENTED POLYURETHANES AND THEIR BLENDS WITH PVC

Film specimens of four segmented polyurethanes with different soft segments, namely polycaprolactone, polytetramethylene adipate, polytetramethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide, and their blends with PVC of different compositions were obtained by solution cast. The permeability of these films to O_2, N_2 and H_2 and their density were measured by using gas chromatography and technique of density gradient column. The polyether polyurethanes were found to have higher permeability than the polyester ones due to their low glass transition temperature and /or the low density value. The blends of PVC and polyether polyurethanes, especially the PPO-based polyurethane, are incompatible, and their permeability coefficient-composition dependence has the typical S-shaped curves. PVC is well compatible with the soft segments in its blends with polyester polyurethanes. For these blends the composition dependence of permeability is characterized by a negative deviation from the semilogarithmic additivity rule, and it is possible to prepare blends having T_g 20℃ lower than that of PVC, but retaining its low permeability almost unchanged, results were discussed in according with the different approaches for the permeation behavior of compatible and incompatible blends.

PREPARATION OF CARBON NANOFIBERS BY POLYMER BLEND TECHNIQUE

The polymer blend technique is a novel method to produced carbon nanofibers. In this paper, we have prepared fine carbon fibers and porous carbon materials by this technique, and we will discuss the experiment results by means of SEM, TGA, Element Analysis, etc.

Morphological and Structural Studies of sPS/aPS Blends

The morphology and structure of the syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS)/atactic polystyrene (aPS) blends with various compositions have been studied by means of DSC, optical microscopy, SAXS, and WAXD. The results show that aPS is miscible with amorphous region of sPS. There is no macroscopic evidence that aPS forms separated domains in the blends. The decrease in crystallinity of sPS in the blends implies segregation of the aPS to the interfibrillar regions of the spherulites of sPS. The constancy of interlamellar distance and melting points indicates that the fibrillar structural units of sPS is unchanged on addition of aPS to sPS, and the unchanging parameters of the sPS unit cells mean that aPS does not enter the unit cells of sPS.

锂系聚烯烃弹性体(TPOE)与聚烯烃树脂的共混行为及性能研究

本文剖析了锂系热塑性聚乙烯-丙烯-丁烯-异丙烯(TPOE)、三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM4770P)、聚烯烃弹性体(POE8480)和聚烯烃(TPO/CA10A)树脂的分子结构,探究了这类聚合物的热学性能和物理机械性能,研究了不同用量的TPOE对PP/PE树脂共混物的热学性能和物理机械性能的影响。结果表明,TPOE/PE=1.6~2.5、TPOE/PP=1.4~2.5的共混物,其热学性能和物理机械性能均可与CA10A及POE8480相媲美。

动态流变行为在三元乙丙橡胶/硅橡胶共混物形态结构研究中的应用

利用开放式炼胶机制备了三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)与硅橡胶(SR)混炼胶和单相硫化硅橡胶(v-SR)的共混胶,通过流变行为研究了组成比例、界面交联作用等对共混体系形态结构的影响,并采用扫描电子显微镜和两相剥离强度对形态结构的研究结果进行了验证。结果表明,动态流变行为成功预测了高黏度聚合物复合体系的形态结构。共混物中EPDM的用量在30~70份(质量,下同)时,EPDM/SR混炼胶的形态呈双相连续结构。用超过1份的过氧化物交联剂对EPDM用量为70份的EPDM/SR混炼胶中的SR进行单相交联,v-SR的连续结构发生了融合,转变成颗粒状结构,且颗粒结构的相畴随着交联剂用量的增加而增大,而高剂量的交联剂可以使两相形成共交联。

非溶相共混熔喷非织造技术的研究进展

为明确非溶相共混熔喷非织造技术制备超细纤维材料过程中的微相分离机制,并进一步明晰超细纤维材料结构和性能的调控规律,挖掘熔喷非织造技术的产业化应用潜力,从非溶相共混熔喷机制出发,介绍了利用多种聚合物进行非溶相共混熔喷时的微相分离特点,综述了非溶相共混熔喷的聚合物匹配体系现状以及不同种类聚合物共混对超细纤维材料性能的影响,阐述了非溶相共混熔喷超细纤维材料的功能性应用形式和领域,最后探讨了非溶相共混熔喷目前存在问题及未来发展方向,以期为共混熔喷非织造技术制备超细纤维材料的进一步研究提供参考。

聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的制备及应用技术进展

聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)是重要的高分子材料,由聚醋酸乙烯酯或者聚乙烯醇与正丁醛缩合反应而成。PVB具有很好的透明度、黏合力、成膜相容性,适用于耐光、耐热、耐寒、耐水、耐冲击等环境,主要应用于安全玻璃、光伏领域。PVB的制备工艺复杂,一般方法难以获得高纯产品,核心技术为国外所垄断。低温下,PVB的物理性能较差,常采用优势互补法,对其进行接枝改性、复合和共混,来提高材料的综合性能。近些年来,有关PVB的应用研发已成热点。简介了近年来聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的制备工艺,重点阐述了研发与应用PVB对其他功能材料进行改性、复合及共混的技术进展。

TPAS/PLA/PLA-g-MAH共混材料制备及性能

使用熔融和注塑工艺制备热塑性醋酸淀粉(TPAS)/聚乳酸(PLA)/聚乳酸接枝马来酸酐(PLA-g-MAH)共混材料,考察PLA-g-MAH的增容效果,并对共混材料的力学性能、热性能、熔体流变性能和亲水性进行分析。结果表明:PLA-g-MAH提高TPAS在PLA中的分散程度,显著增强了两者的界面结合力;随着PLA-g-MAH含量的增加,共混材料的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和缺口冲击强度均先升高后降低,含量为15%时达到最大值,较未增容体系分别增加17.9%、18.5%和138.5%;添加PLA-g-MAH导致共混材料结晶能力减弱,表面疏水性提高,共混材料熔体黏弹性增强,加工性能提高。