Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) rubber latex with two sorts of sensitizers, trimethylol propane tri-methacrylate (TMPTMA) and diethylene glycol di-acrylate (DEGDA), was irradiated with γ-rays and electron beams in variou...Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) rubber latex with two sorts of sensitizers, trimethylol propane tri-methacrylate (TMPTMA) and diethylene glycol di-acrylate (DEGDA), was irradiated with γ-rays and electron beams in various conditions. The radiation crosslinking reaction of PDMS occurs in the inner phase of the latex and is relatively isolated from the water phase. Therefore the oxygen and the radicals produced by the radiolysis reaction of water almost have no effect on the crosslinking reaction of polymer. The experimental data correspond with the Charlesby-Pinner relationship in the main. The gelation doses, degree of crosslinking and degradation as well as G values of crosslinking were calculated. From them, the sensitization coefficients were derived to offer a quantitative measurement of the enhancing effect of sensitizer on the radiation crosslinking.展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D)porous absorbents have attracted significant attention in the oily wastewater treatment technology due to their high porosity and elasticity.Given their amphiphilic surface,they have a propensity ...Three-dimensional(3D)porous absorbents have attracted significant attention in the oily wastewater treatment technology due to their high porosity and elasticity.Given their amphiphilic surface,they have a propensity to simultaneously absorb water and oil,which restricts their range of applications.In this study,a reduced graphene oxide and titanium dioxide nanocomposite(rGO/TiO_(2))was used to fabricate an ultra-hydrophobic melamine sponge(MS)through interfacial modification using a solution immersion technique.To further modify it,poly-dimethylsiloxane(PDMS)was grafted onto its surface to establish stronger covalent bonds with the composite.The water contact angle of the sponge(rGO/TiO_(2)/PDMS/MS)was 164.2°,which satisfies the condition for ultrahydrophobicity.The evidence of its water repellency was demonstrated by the Cassie-Baxter theory and the lotus leaf effect.As a result of the increased density of rGO/TiO_(2)/PDMS/MS,it recorded an initial capacity that was 2 g/g lower than the raw MS for crude oil absorption.The raw MS retained 53% of its initial absorption capacity after 20 cycles of absorption,while rGO/TiO_(2)/PDMS/MS retained 97%,suggesting good recyclability.Excellent oil and organic solvent recovery(90%-96%)was demonstrated by rGO/TiO_(2)/PDMS/MS in oil-water combinations.In a continuous separation system,it achieved a remarkable separation efficiency of 2.4×10^(6)L/(m^(3)·h),and in turbulent emulsion separation,it achieved a demulsification efficiency of 90%-91%.This study provides a practical substitute for massive oil spill cleaning.展开更多
目的聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)作为微流控芯片研制中常用的高分子材料,其本身的疏水特性是影响微流控芯片整体键合效果的主要障碍。为了在短时间内成功实现PDMS与基底材料的有效键合与封装,设计一种可在普通实验室开展的低成本且高效的PDMS...目的聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)作为微流控芯片研制中常用的高分子材料,其本身的疏水特性是影响微流控芯片整体键合效果的主要障碍。为了在短时间内成功实现PDMS与基底材料的有效键合与封装,设计一种可在普通实验室开展的低成本且高效的PDMS材料改性方法。方法基于紫外臭氧光照改性法对PDMS材料表面进行改性研究,通过正交试验深入研究紫外光照射时间、距离及通氧时间对PDMS表面改性效果的影响,并在50℃水浴环境下通过测量不同时间PDMS基片与盖片(PDMS或玻璃)的键合强度,从而确定最优工艺参数组合。结果相比于传统紫外光照射表面改性法的键合时间(大于50 h),本工艺可在6 h内成功实现PDMS的有效封装,并确定了P—P键合和P—G键合的最优参数组合,两者平均键合强度均大于200 k Pa。结论整个工艺操作简单、成本低,可作为普通实验室开展微流控实验研究的有益补充。展开更多
力学敏感单元作为力学传感检测技术的核心单元,力敏传感技术在航空航天、工程设施、医疗、石油开采等生活、生产的各个领域都存在广泛的应用。研究了纳米ZnO/PDMS复合薄膜的制备,以及复合薄膜在加速度计中的应用。以纳米ZnO颗粒为填充粒...力学敏感单元作为力学传感检测技术的核心单元,力敏传感技术在航空航天、工程设施、医疗、石油开采等生活、生产的各个领域都存在广泛的应用。研究了纳米ZnO/PDMS复合薄膜的制备,以及复合薄膜在加速度计中的应用。以纳米ZnO颗粒为填充粒子,以聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为聚合物,采用机械共混法制备了纳米ZnO/PDMS复合薄膜,并研究了复合薄膜的制作工艺、微观结构及力敏特性;并循序渐进地设计了复合薄膜在1G加速度内的力敏特性测试。通过测试和计算可得实验中加速度计的灵敏度最大可达到0.484 p F/gn,验证该复合薄膜结构应用到加速度计中的可行性,为基于复合薄膜结构的加速度计力敏效应的验证奠定了理论依据和测试基础。展开更多
基金Contract grant sponsors: Major State Basic Research Projects of China (G1999064800)
文摘Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) rubber latex with two sorts of sensitizers, trimethylol propane tri-methacrylate (TMPTMA) and diethylene glycol di-acrylate (DEGDA), was irradiated with γ-rays and electron beams in various conditions. The radiation crosslinking reaction of PDMS occurs in the inner phase of the latex and is relatively isolated from the water phase. Therefore the oxygen and the radicals produced by the radiolysis reaction of water almost have no effect on the crosslinking reaction of polymer. The experimental data correspond with the Charlesby-Pinner relationship in the main. The gelation doses, degree of crosslinking and degradation as well as G values of crosslinking were calculated. From them, the sensitization coefficients were derived to offer a quantitative measurement of the enhancing effect of sensitizer on the radiation crosslinking.
基金supported by the Universiti Brunei Darussalam Research Funding(Grant No.UBD/OAVCRI/CRGWG(022)/171001).
文摘Three-dimensional(3D)porous absorbents have attracted significant attention in the oily wastewater treatment technology due to their high porosity and elasticity.Given their amphiphilic surface,they have a propensity to simultaneously absorb water and oil,which restricts their range of applications.In this study,a reduced graphene oxide and titanium dioxide nanocomposite(rGO/TiO_(2))was used to fabricate an ultra-hydrophobic melamine sponge(MS)through interfacial modification using a solution immersion technique.To further modify it,poly-dimethylsiloxane(PDMS)was grafted onto its surface to establish stronger covalent bonds with the composite.The water contact angle of the sponge(rGO/TiO_(2)/PDMS/MS)was 164.2°,which satisfies the condition for ultrahydrophobicity.The evidence of its water repellency was demonstrated by the Cassie-Baxter theory and the lotus leaf effect.As a result of the increased density of rGO/TiO_(2)/PDMS/MS,it recorded an initial capacity that was 2 g/g lower than the raw MS for crude oil absorption.The raw MS retained 53% of its initial absorption capacity after 20 cycles of absorption,while rGO/TiO_(2)/PDMS/MS retained 97%,suggesting good recyclability.Excellent oil and organic solvent recovery(90%-96%)was demonstrated by rGO/TiO_(2)/PDMS/MS in oil-water combinations.In a continuous separation system,it achieved a remarkable separation efficiency of 2.4×10^(6)L/(m^(3)·h),and in turbulent emulsion separation,it achieved a demulsification efficiency of 90%-91%.This study provides a practical substitute for massive oil spill cleaning.
文摘目的聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)作为微流控芯片研制中常用的高分子材料,其本身的疏水特性是影响微流控芯片整体键合效果的主要障碍。为了在短时间内成功实现PDMS与基底材料的有效键合与封装,设计一种可在普通实验室开展的低成本且高效的PDMS材料改性方法。方法基于紫外臭氧光照改性法对PDMS材料表面进行改性研究,通过正交试验深入研究紫外光照射时间、距离及通氧时间对PDMS表面改性效果的影响,并在50℃水浴环境下通过测量不同时间PDMS基片与盖片(PDMS或玻璃)的键合强度,从而确定最优工艺参数组合。结果相比于传统紫外光照射表面改性法的键合时间(大于50 h),本工艺可在6 h内成功实现PDMS的有效封装,并确定了P—P键合和P—G键合的最优参数组合,两者平均键合强度均大于200 k Pa。结论整个工艺操作简单、成本低,可作为普通实验室开展微流控实验研究的有益补充。
文摘力学敏感单元作为力学传感检测技术的核心单元,力敏传感技术在航空航天、工程设施、医疗、石油开采等生活、生产的各个领域都存在广泛的应用。研究了纳米ZnO/PDMS复合薄膜的制备,以及复合薄膜在加速度计中的应用。以纳米ZnO颗粒为填充粒子,以聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为聚合物,采用机械共混法制备了纳米ZnO/PDMS复合薄膜,并研究了复合薄膜的制作工艺、微观结构及力敏特性;并循序渐进地设计了复合薄膜在1G加速度内的力敏特性测试。通过测试和计算可得实验中加速度计的灵敏度最大可达到0.484 p F/gn,验证该复合薄膜结构应用到加速度计中的可行性,为基于复合薄膜结构的加速度计力敏效应的验证奠定了理论依据和测试基础。
