Recovery of Polyester/Cotton Blended Fabrics by Alkali Dissolution

A new type of alkali-soluble polyester/cotton blended yarns was used to knit a compact knitted fabric on a circular weft knitting machine,treated with 5 g/L NaOH solution for 60 min at a temperature of 100℃,and the polyester was completely dissolved.The dissolved polyester could be polymerized again by a polycondensation reaction.After the cotton fibers were opened and combed,the length and mechanical properties of the cotton fibers were tested.The physical and mechanical properties of the separated cotton fibers were good.The chemical structure and crystallinity were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis.It could be seen that the chemical structure of cotton fibers was almost unchanged after treatment,and the crystallinity decreased slightly.It provides some reference for the separation and recycling of waste polyester/cotton fabrics.

Application of microalgal-ZnO-NPs for reusing polyester/cotton blended fabric wastes after modification by cellulases enzymes

Polyester/cotton(PET/C)blended fabric wastes are produced daily in huge amounts,which constitutes an economic loss and an environmental threat if it is not reused appropriately.Modern textile waste recycling technologies put much effort into developing fabric materials with unique properties,such as bioactivity or new optical goods based on modern technologies,especially nano-biotechnology.In this study,zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs)were biosynthesized using the aqueous extract of Dunaliella sp.and immobilized on PET/C waste fabrics after enzymatically activated with cellulases.The produced Dunaliella-ZnO-NPs(10–20 nm with a spherical shape)were characterized by High-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM),Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),X-Ray diffraction analysis(XRD),and Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray analyzer(SEM-EDAX),and some functional groups,such as CH,CO,NH,and CN(due to the presence of carboxyl,proteins and hydroxyl groups),were detected,revealing the biosynthesis of ZnO-NPs.The analysis showed that the resulting ZnO-NPS had potent antimicrobial effects,Ultraviolet(UV)protection capabilities,and no cytotoxic effects on the normal human fibroblast cell line(BJ1).On the other hand,enzymatic treatments of PET/C fabric waste with cellulases enhanced the immobilization of biosynthetic nanoparticles on their surface.Modified PET/C fabrics loaded with Dunaliella-ZnO-NPs showed antibacterial and UV protection capabilities making them an eco-friendly and cost-effective candidate for numerous applications.These applications can include the manufacture of active packaging devices,wastewater treatment units,and many other environmental applications.

One-bath Dyeing of Polyester/Wool Blend with Disperse Dyes

The role of auxiliary LAB as vehicle in dyeing polyester/wool blends with disperse dyes is described. Dye exhaustion and bonding on polyester/wool samples are studied under different experimental conditions - the LAB amount, the temperature and pH value- to achieve optimum conditions. The results are compared with those obtained with and without conventional dyeing auxiliary products. Although dye exhaustion is higher in the presence of commercial carriers, the dye bonded increases markedly in the presence of auxiliary LAB in both fibers. The role played by auxiliary LAB in polyester/wool blend dyeing can provide a new method for this process.

Use of the Newly Synthesized Aqueous Polyurethane Acrylate Binders for Printing Cotton and Polyester Fabrics

The use of the four new synthesized polyurethane acrylate binders in the pigment print paste for screen printing cotton and polyester fabrics and pigment fixation through the polymerization process of the binder by using the thermofixation technique as well as the UV curing technique was studied. The effect of changing time and temperature of thermofixation, and the time of UV curing on the color strength, and prints fastness properties were also studied. The results showed that, the newly synthesized polyurethane acrylate binders could be successfully used for pigment fixation on cotton and polyester using the two fixation techniques and in general their prints possessed better color strength values as compared to those obtained upon using the selected commercial binders.

STUDY ON THE BLENDS OF NYLON 66 AND LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYESTERS

Blends of polyamide (Nylon 66) with two different kinds of liquid crystalline polyesters were studied in all the composition range. Homogeneous samples were obtained by coprccipitation from 2 wt%. solution of blends. The thermal properties, crystallinity and morphology of these blends were studied by using DSC, polarizing microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The phase transition and morphology of the blends are markedly-influenced by the composition of liquid crystalline polyesters. The mechanical behaviour of PHB/HNA-Nylon 66 blend was improved. although polyamidc (Nylon 66)with the liquid crystalline polyesters were incompatible, but a rather strong interaction between the polymers did exist.

Effect of Blending Ratio on the Properties of Ramie/Polyester Blended Yarn

The effects of the blending ratio on the properties of Ramie/Polyester blended yarns are discussed in this paper. The experimental results show that the elongation of the yarn with the polyester content more than 40% is better than that of others. There is a lowest tenacity of the yarn corresponding to the blending ratio of 50/50 or so. The other properties of the yarn, such as the evenness and hairiness, will be improved with the increasing of the polyester content.

Morphology and Thermal Behavior of Polypropylene/Easily Hydrodegraded Polyester Blend Fibers

Ultrafine polypropylene fibers are prepared frompolypropylene/easily hydro - degraded polyester （PP/EHDPET） blend fibers, in which file EHDPET compo-nent is degradable by treating with NaOH - H2O solu-tion. We investigated the morphology of PP/EHDPETblend fibers before and after stretching and alkalinehydrolysis. Then thermal behavior of the blend has alsobeen studied.

KINETICS AND MECHANISM RELATING ALKALINE HYDROLYSIS OF POLYESTER BLEND FIBER

Cation Dyeable Polyester(CDP)was made by copolymerizing dimethyl terephthalate(DMT),S-sodium sulfonate dimethyl isophthalate(SIPM) with a weight fraction of 4.5% and ethyleneglycol (EG).Blend of PET and CDP was spun into hollow fiber.The fiber was then treated withaqueous NaOH.In this paper,kinetics and mechanism of alkaline hydrolysis of PET,CDP andtheir blend PET/CDP fiber were studied by means of specific area measurement,scantling elec-tron microscopy and other chemical analyses.It was showed that the rate of alkaline hydrolysis isCDP】PET/CDP】PET.Because of blending effect,the alkaline hydrolysis of PET/CDP is dif-ferent from that of PET.CDP phase in the PET/CDP fiber is predominantly hydrolyzed,andhence some pieces of fiber(micro-fiber) fall off the fiber because of etching.

Studying the Effect of Polyester Fiber Blend Ratio and Pilling Cycle on Blended Knit Fabrics

Pilling is a severe concern for blended fabrics. The aesthetic look and smoothness are the buyers’ prime requirements. The main focus of the study was to see the pilling behavior from various percentages of polyester fiber blend ratio as well as the different pilling cycles on blended fabrics. The cotton, polyester, and elastane prepared the study fabrics. These fabrics are (90% Cotton/5% Polyester/5% Elastane, 90% Cotton/6% Polyester/4% Elastane, 90% Cotton/7% Polyester/3% Elastane, 90% Cotton/8% Polyester/2% Elastane, and 90% Cotton/9% Polyester/1% Elastane, 85% Cotton/10% Polyester/5% Elastane, 85% Cotton/11% Polyester/4% Elastane, 85% Cotton/12% Polyester/3% Elastane, 85% Cotton/13% Polyester/2% Elastane, and 85% Cotton/ 14% Polyester/1% Elastane, 80% Cotton/15% Polyester/5% Elastane, 80% Cotton/16% Polyester/4% Elastane, 80% Cotton/17% Polyester/3% Elastane, 80% Cotton/18% Polyester/2% Elastane, and 80% Cotton/19% Polyester/1% Elastane). The selected polyester blend ratios were 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18% and 19% respectively. The study used the Martindale pilling tester with 2000, 5000, and 7000 cycles, respectively. The evaluation followed the ISO 12945-2:2000. The study findings are that the polyester fiber blend ratio did not influence the pilling grade on blended fabrics for pilling cycles 2000, and the pilling grade remained constant at 4 - 5. The pilling grade started to deteriorate in pilling cycle 5000 for the fabrics 85%C/10%P/5%E, 85%C/11%P/4%E, 85%C/12%P/3%E, 85%C/ 13%P/2%E, 85%C/14%P/1%E showed the pilling grade 4, and the fabrics made from 80%C/15%P/5%E, 80%C/16%P/4%E, 80%C/17%P/3%E, 80%C/ 18%P/2%E, 80%C/19%P/1%E showed the pilling grade 4, 3, 3, 3, and 3 respectively. For the pilling cycles 7000, the pilling grade further deteriorated for the fabrics 80%C/15%P/5%E, 80%C/16%P/4%E, 80%C/17%P/3%E, 80%C/ 18%P/2%E, 80%C/19%P/1%E showed the pilling grade 3, 3, 2, 2, and 2 respectively. The study finds the dominance of polyester fiber throughout the experiment. The author hopes this study’s outcome will help new researchers, advanced researchers, and the textile industry’s sustainable development research and development team.

Predicting Bursting Strength Behavior of Weft Knitted Fabrics Using Various Percentages of Cotton, Polyester, and Spandex Fibers

The bursting strength is an essential quality parameter of knit fabric. The fabric structure, weight, types of fibers, and fiber blend proportion influence the bursting strength parameter. The tenacity of polyester fiber is better than cotton and spandex. The study focused on predicting knit fabric bursting strength test value using different fibers (cotton, polyester, and spandex) with varying percentages of the blend ratio. This study used fifteen categories of blended fabrics. The Pearson Correlation and the hypothetical ANOVA regression analysis were conducted to do the statistical significance test. The experimental result reveals that the bursting strength test result increased with the increased percentage of polyester and suggested a suitable regression equation. The dominance of the polyester fiber was observed throughout the experiment, i.e., the higher the polyester blend proportion, the higher the bursting strength value. The inclusion of polyester in blends can reduce the cost of fabric. The developed prediction model or equation can help the fabric manufacturer make appropriate decisions regarding getting the expected bursting strength. The researcher hopes that the findings from this study will motivate new researchers, advanced researchers, and the textile manufacturing industry.

PREPARATION OF FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS BY BLENDING COPOLYESTERS WITH PVA AND METAL COMPLEX FORMATION OF POLYMER BLENDS

Copolyesters having secondary and tertiary amine salt groups in the main and side chains are prepared by chemoselective polymerization. These copolyesters are soluble in a 10% aqueous solution of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) at 90 degree C and act as plasticizer in the blend films cast from the solution. Only a glass transition temperature is observed for all these blends indicating the formation of compatible blends from these polyesters with PVA. These blends exhibit manifold characteristics such as ionic conductivity, complex formation with metal ions, absorption of moisture and color changes. The electric conductivity of the copolyesters and blends is in the range of 10** minus **6 Scm** minus **1. The blends with PVA forms complexes with Cu**2** plus and Co**2** plus . The coordination structure with two chelate rings is suggested for these polymer blend/metal complexes. (Author abstract) 10 Refs.

Finishing Effect on Warmth Property of Cotton/Kapok Blended Knitted Fabric

Nowadays,more and more natural or functional fibers are being investigated due to their utilization in thermal underwear.Kapok fiber is one of the natural cellulosic fibers whose source is the kapok plant. It has hollow body and sealed tail,which exhibits desirable features required for functional textiles of this nature. In this study,cotton / kapok( 80 /20 by mass) blended yarn with two types of yarn size 18. 5 and 14. 8 tex,respectively are knitted into plain stitches. The fabrics are undergone with an optimal preparation plan according to orthogonal design. Then,after dyeing and softening,fabric properties including thermal and water-vapour resistances, wicking property, pilling behaviour, and surface morphology,are tested and scrutinized for their candidacy for thermal underwear. The results showed that cotton / kapok blended fabrics have good thermal resistance which is significantly higher than those of cotton / modal blended fabrics,and the same water vapour resistance compared with cotton / modal blended fabrics which are normally used as underwear. Cotton / modal blended knitted fabrics has better pilling grade than cotton / kapok blended fabrics. Meanwhile, the cotton / kapok blends fabrics have good wicking property. Collectively,it was concluded that cotton / kapok blended fabric was appropriate for thermal underwear. However,the main limitation of these fabrics is their pilling properties.

Study of Rotor Spun Basofil/Cotton Blended Yarn Quality Characteristics during Optimisation of Processing Parameters

Yarn quality characteristics are affected by processing parameters. A 36 tex rotor spun yarn of 50/50 Basofil/ cotton （B/C） blended yarn was spun, and the spinning process optimised for rotor speed, opening roller speed and twist factor. Selected yarn characteristics were studied during the optimization process. During the optimizations process yarn elongation and hairiness reduced with increase in rotor speed. Tenacity increased with increase of rotor speed. The increase in TF caused tenacity and CV of count to increase up to a peak and then started to decrease with further increase of TF.While TF caused an increase in yarn hairiness, elongation decreased to a minimum level and then started to increase with further increase of TF. CV of count and hairiness increased with increase in opening roller speed, but tenacity and elongation decreased with increase in opening roller speed. The optimization process yielded the optimum levels for rotor speed, opening roller speed and twist factor （TF） as 45,000 rpm, 6,500 rpm and 450 respectively. As per uster Standards the optimum yam showed good results for CV of count, CV of tenacity and thin places/km.

Synthesis and Application of Easy Hydrolysis Degradable Polyester

An easy hydrolysis degradable polyester (EHDP) is synthesized; the fiber produced from which can be hydrolyzed by dilute basic solution easily. The properties of these kind polyesters are measured. The results show that this kind polymer is suitable to be spun into filament The EHDP can be spun into staple fiber and manufactured into non-woven fabric. This fabric is used as disposable clothes. In composite spinning, the PET (polyethylen glycol terephthalate) or PA (polyamide) is used as continuous phase, and EHDP used as dispersed phase. Then the fabric of this kind fiber is treated by basic solution; the ultra-fine fiber fabric is obtained.The fineness of the fiber is about 0.045 dtex. In blend spinning, EHDP is mixed with polypropylene (PP) to produce hollow fiber with micro-holes in radical direction. This fiber is a usable material in filter especially in medical use.

涤棉混纺织物基复合光催化材料的制备及性能研究

为了将废旧纺织品回收再生为高值产品,获得具有光催化功能的材料,以涤棉织物为原料,ZnCl_(2)作为活化剂,通过高温炭化,制备出活性炭;然后以钛酸丁酯为前驱体,在活性炭上原位生成TiO_(2),获得了活性炭光催化复合材料,并对产物结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明:混纺比80/20的涤棉织物、800℃下制得的复合光催化材料,TiO_(2)在活性炭上分布均匀,具有无定形结构;该复合材料对亚甲基蓝的吸附量可达344 mg/g,对质量浓度60 mg/L的亚甲基蓝光照6 h后降解率可达98%,并且在循环5次后,对亚甲基蓝的降解率仍可达到80%,具有良好的光催化降解性能和循环使用性能。

混纺比对涤棉平纹面料导湿排汗性能的影响

面料的原材料和组分对服装导湿、排汗性能影响较大。为探究面料混纺比与导湿、排汗性能间的关系,选择不同混纺比的涤棉平纹面料,通过电阻法评估汗液在各面料上的扩散及蒸发行为,采用动态水分管理测试仪和织物透湿量仪分别对面料水分扩散速率和透湿性进行测试。结果表明:混纺面料经纬向紧度是影响汗滴在面料经纬方向上扩散速率的主要因素,两者呈线性正相关;混纺面料中涤棉纤维混纺比、织物紧度和厚度影响面料的导湿及排汗性能,混纺面料中棉纤维含量越大,面料紧度值和厚度越大,则面料中汗液扩散速率和蒸发速率越小;随着混纺面料中棉纤维含量增大,面料的透湿性也会增大。研究结果对开发导湿、排汗面料具有一定参考价值,能够为夏季服装产品的选择提供理论参考。

P(St-MMA-AA)液体光子晶体在不同织物表面的结构生色

液体光子晶体(LPCs)的应用研究以涤纶长丝织物基底为主。选用棉织物、蚕丝织物和涤纶织物为基材,通过棒涂法制备结构色织物,探究不同材质的织物对聚(苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸)P(St-MMA-AA)LPCs的自组装的影响。结果表明:P(St-MMA-AA)微球均可在织物表面获得明亮的结构色,但具有较好亲水性的棉织物和蚕丝织物消耗的LPCs用量高于表面平整光滑的涤纶织物;此外,棉织物和涤纶织物的反射率略高于蚕丝织物。与此同时,通过调节P(St-MMA-AA)粒径可以实现对结构色色相的调控,并且随着粒径增加,结构色出现红移。P(St-MMA-AA)微球在不同织物表面均以面心立方结构规则排列。

棉/涤混纺四面弹印花面料的生产工艺

为丰富棉/涤面料的多样性,文章对棉/涤混纺四面弹印花面料的生产工艺进行优化,最终确定了各道工序的生产工艺条件,不仅缩短了工艺流程,还保证了经向弹性。在该条件下生产的棉/涤混纺四面弹印花面料成品的尺寸稳定性、弹性性能、强力以及色牢度等各项指标均满足标准要求。

基于有限元法的纺纱胶圈用涤棉混纺骨架线性能研究

为更好地了解纺纱胶圈用骨架线破坏过程,缓解普通胶圈在高速纺纱受力轧断频繁、纺纱质量波动明显的现象,采用有限元法对不同混纺比的涤棉骨架线机械结构进行仿真,运用ABAQUS软件建立涤棉股线的三维模型,模拟骨架线轴向受拉应力分布和变形量变化,验证了仿真模拟的有效性和可行性。在此基础上,进一步优选纺纱胶圈用骨架线的最佳混纺比,并对所纺制股线强伸性、回弹性、蠕变性、热收缩性进行测试。结果表明:T/C 75/2513.1 tex×3股线断裂强力大于1000 cN,断裂伸长率小于15%,强伸性、回弹性、蠕变性和热收缩性符合胶圈骨架线要求,综合性能较为优异。

铜改性聚酯纤维/棉混纺抗菌纱生产实践

为满足人们对服用纺织品环保健康的需求,以铜改性聚酯纤维及细绒棉为原料纺14.7 tex混纺抗菌纱,根据纤维原料特性制定纺纱工艺流程,详细介绍其清花、梳棉、并条、粗纱、细纱、络筒工序的主要工艺参数及技术要点。指出:14.7 tex铜改性聚酯纤维/棉混纺抗菌纱吸湿透气、手感柔软,具有抗菌、杀菌、抑菌效果持久等优势;通过加装粗纱防粘卷装置及合理控制梳棉车间相对湿度,解决铜改性聚酯纤维/棉混纺抗菌纱易粘卷、易产生静电等问题;通过采取“分开梳棉,统一并条”和“一道预并,三道并合”的工艺,解决两种纤维原料性能差异大、混合均匀难度大的问题;纺好铜改性聚酯纤维,除注重工艺路线设计及参数设置外,原料、设备、操作管理也是关键。