Capillary Property of Entangled Porous Metallic Wire materials and Its Application in Fluid Buffers:Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Study

Strong impact does serious harm to the military industries so it is necessary to choose reasonable cushioning material and design effective buffers to prevent the impact of equipment.Based on the capillary property entangled porous metallic wire materials(EPMWM),this paper designed a composite buffer which uses EPMWM and viscous fluid as cushioning materials under the low-speed impact of the recoil force device of weapon equipment(such as artillery,mortar,etc.).Combined with the capillary model,porosity,hydraulic diameter,maximum pore diameter and pore distribution were used to characterize the pore structure characteristics of EPMWM.The calculation model of the damping force of the composite buffer was established.The low-speed impact test of the composite buffer was conducted.The parameters of the buffer under low-speed impact were identified according to the model,and the nonlinear model of damping force was obtained.The test results show that the composite buffer with EPMWM and viscous fluid can absorb the impact energy from the recoil movement effectively,and provide a new method for the buffer design of weapon equipment(such as artillery,mortar,etc.).

Mechanical behavior of entangled metallic wire materials-polyurethane interpenetrating composites

Composite materials exhibit the impressive mechanical properties of high damping and stiffness,which cannot be attained by employing conventional single materials.Along these lines,a novel material architecture is presented in this work in order to fabricate composites with enhanced mechanical characteristics.More specifically,entangled metallic wire materials were used as the active matrix,whereas polyurethane was employed as the reinforcement elements.As a result,an entangled metallic wire material-polyurethane composite with high damping and stiffness was prepared by enforcing the vacuum infiltration method.On top of that,the mechanical properties(loss factor,energy consumption,and average stiffness)of the proposed composite materials were characterized by performing dynamic tests,and its fatigue characteristics were verified by the micro-interface bonding,as well as the macro-damage factor.The impact of the density,preloading spacing,loading amplitude,and exciting frequency on the mechanical properties of the composites were also thoroughly analyzed.The extracted results indicate that the mechanical properties of the composites were significantly enhanced than those of the pure materials due to the introduction of interface friction.Moreover,the average stiffness of the composites was about 10 times the respective value of the entangled metallic wire material.Interestingly,a rise in the loading period leads to some failure between the composite interfaces,which reduces the stiffness property but enhances the damping dissipation properties.Finally,a comprehensive dynamic mechanical model of the composites was established,while it was experimentally verified.The proposed composites possess higher damping features,i.e.,stiffness characteristics,and maintain better fatigue characteristics,which can broaden the application range of the composites.In addition,we provide a theoretical and experimental framework for the research and applications in the field of metal matrix composites.

Durability Testing of Composite Aerospace Materials Based on a New Polymer Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Resin

In this study,the durability of a new polymer carbonfiber-reinforced epoxy resin used to produce composite material in the aerospacefield is investigated through analysis of the corrosion phenomena occurring at the microscopic scale,and the related infrared spectra and thermal properties.It is found that light and heat can con-tribute to the aging process.In particular,the longitudinal tensile strength displays a non-monotonic trend,i.e.,itfirst increases and then decreases over time.By contrast,the longitudinal compressive and inter-laminar shear strengths do not show significant changes.It is also shown that the inter-laminar shear strength of carbonfiber/epoxy resin composites with inter-laminar hybrid structure is better than that of pure carbonfiber materials.The related resistance to corrosion can be improved by more than 41%.

Damping Property of a New Type of PMCs Composite

The advanced composite PMCs (polymer metal composite) consists of polymer and honeycombed aluminium. It has higher and excellent damping capacity. The internal friction is independent of the frequency but increases with the increase of vibrating amplitud

Damping capacity of BaTiO_3/Al composites fabricated by hot extrusion

To develop new type of high damping metal matrix composites, large grain size barium titanate （BaTiO3） ceramic was sintered and added into Al powder to fabricate BaTiO3/Al composites through the powder metallurgy method and hot extrusion. The damping properties of BaTiO3 ceramic, Al matrix and BaTiO3/Al composites were examined by dynamic mechanical analysis in the temperature range from 273 K to 573 K. The results show that although BaTiO3 exhibits high damping （tan δ=0.12） below 400 K, the damping capacity of 10%BaTiO3/Al （mass fraction） composites below 400 K is not increased as compared to the Al matrix. On the other hand, the damping capacity above 450 K is greatly enhanced due to the motion of dislocations at the interfaces between ceramic particles and Al matrix. The failure of exerting the intrinsic damping of BaTiO3 particles in the composites is attributed to the poor interface bonding between the particles and the matrix. The tensile strength of the composite is 42% higher than that of the Al matrix, which indicates the possibility of obtaining high strength and high damping composites via interface improvement and the addition of high volume fraction of large grain BaTiO3 particles.

Composite Materials Damage Modeling Based on Dielectric Properties

Composite materials, by nature, are universally dielectric. The distribution of the phases, including voids and cracks, has a major influence on the dielectric properties of the composite materials. The dielectric relaxation behavior measured by Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy (BbDS) is often caused by interfacial polarization, which is known as Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars polarization that develops because of the heterogeneity of the composite materials. A prominent mechanism in the low frequency range is driven by charge accumulation at the interphases between different constituent phases. In our previous work, we observed in-situ changes in dielectric behavior during static tensile testing, and also studied the effects of applied mechanical and ambient environments on composite material damage states based on the evaluation of dielectric spectral analysis parameters. In the present work, a two dimensional conformal computational model was developed using a COMSOL™multi-physics module to interpret the effective dielectric behavior of the resulting composite as a function of applied frequency spectra, especially the effects of volume fraction, the distribution of the defects inside of the material volume, and the influence of the permittivity and Ohmic conductivity of the host materials and defects.

Dendritic and spherical crystal reinforced metallic glass matrix composites

Zr-based bulk metallic glass matrix composites （BMGMCs） with a composition of Zr60.0Ti14.7Nb5.3Cu5.6Ni4.4- Be10.0 （at%） were fabricated by an innovative process, i.e., semisolid processing plus Bridgman solidification. Different morphologies, distributions, and volume fractions of the crystalline phases can be achieved by tailoring the withdrawal velocity. The largest fi-acture strain of Zr60.0Ti14.7Nb5.3Cu5.6Ni4.4Be10.0 （at%） composites with the withdrawal velocity of 1.0 mm/s was found to be 16.7%. The mechanism of plasticity improvement is mainly attributed to the interpenetrated structure of the crystalline phase, which greatly confines the rapid propagation of shear bands.

Anisotropic Thermally-Accessible Lattice Distortion of a Cu（ll）-Cr（VI） Complex Bimetallic Oxide by Adsorbing a Chiral One-Dimensional Cu（ll）-Cr（VI） Coordination Polymer

The authors have prepared and characterized a chiral one-dimensional Cu（II）-Cr（VI） coordination polymer, [CuL2][Cr207] （L = （IR, 2R）-diaminocyclohexane）, which exhibited intense d-d bands as well as charge transfer bands in the solid state electronic and CD spectra. Thermally-accessible lattice distortion was observed along the crystallographic a axis, which corresponded to Jahn-Teller distortion of Cu（II） chromophores. After firing [CuL2][Cr207], they could obtain a Cu（II）-Cr（VI） complex bimetallic oxide showing ferromagnetism and isotropic thermally-accessible lattice distortion. Preparation of composite materials of the coordination polymers and a complex bimetallic oxide could be confirmed by IR spectra and magnetic properties. It should be noted that the complex bimetallic oxide as the composite exhibited anisotropic thermally-accessible lattice distortion by adsorption of the chiral one-dimensional coordination polymer.

Effect of porosity on damping behavior of aluminum matrix-fly ash composites

The hollow sphere fly ash/6061Al composite with about 43% porosity in volume fraction (produced by the addition of hollow sphere fly ash particles) was fabricated by squeeze casting technique. Using the same technique, the fly ash/7075Al composite with all the porosity in hollow sphere fly ash infiltrated by molten aluminum was fabricated for partially studying the effect of porosity on the damping behavior of the fly ash/Al composites. The resonant damping capacity of the 'porous' fly ash/6061Al composite reached (20.2-26.9)×10-3 and was about 8 times of the value tested by forced vibration method (in the frequency range 0.2-2 Hz). However, the damping capacity of the as-received 6061Al and the 'dense' fly ash/7075Al composite were consistent by the two testing methods and were in the range of (1.1-7.7)×10-3. The effect of temperature on the damping behavior of the materials was also studied. The related damping mechanisms have also been discussed in light of data from the characterization of microstructure and damping capacity. Due to the inferior mechanical properties of the fly ash particles, the tensile strength of the FA/Al composites was lower than that of the corresponding aluminum alloy matrix and was 70.1 MPa and 180.6 MPa for the 'porous' fly ash/6061Al and 'dense' fly ash/7075Al composite, respectively.

基于CMWCNT/Nafion的增强型离子聚合物金属复合材料的制备及致动性能

离子聚合物金属复合材料(IPMC)是一种新型的电活性材料,具有体积小、质量轻、驱动电压低等优点,但驱动力小、稳定工作时间短等问题限制着其柔性致动性能。提出了一种基于银基IPMC的增强型致动器,通过在IPMC的基底聚合物中掺杂羧基化多壁碳纳米管(CMWCNT),来提高IPMC的整体机械性能和致动性能。其中,掺杂质量分数0.5%CMWCNT的IPMC的最大尖端位移和驱动力分别增加至未优化银基IPMC的1.60倍与2.32倍,该性能的提升归因于CMWCNT良好的导电性和羧基对水合阳离子迁移的加速作用。与未优化的银基IPMC相比,掺杂质量分数0.5%CMWCNT时IPMC驱动速率可提升至3.57倍。研究结果可为IPMC在各领域的应用发展提供参考。

金属橡胶-聚氨酯复合材料减振性能研究

针对单一减振材料无法兼具高阻尼与高刚度的弊端,本工作提出了一种新的复合材料,即将三维空间网状结构的金属橡胶(EMWM)作为基体,聚氨酯(PU)作为增强体,并采用真空渗流的方式制备了具有高阻尼与高刚度的金属橡胶-聚氨酯(EMWM-PU)复合材料。通过EMWM与EMWM-PU复合材料的准静态压缩试验,发现界面摩擦的引入使得EMWM-PU复合材料的耗能与刚度特性得到显著提升。此外搭建了复合材料管路减振测试平台,以平均振动加速度级和插入损失作为评价指标,研究了EMWM密度、激振量级、安装时的预紧间距对管路减振性能的影响。结果表明,EMWM-PU复合材料在5~1 000 Hz频段范围内均具有优异的减振效果,且复合材料中基体材料EMEM的密度越小、安装时的预紧间距越大,减振效果越好。本研究有效拓宽了复合材料的应用范围,也为金属橡胶复合材料的设计和应用提供了有效的指导。

氨基酸功能化二硫化钼/环氧树脂复合材料耐水性能的研究

环氧树脂因其优异物理化学性能在各种高新领域得到了重要发展。近年来随着材料科学在某些极端环境下的需求越来越多,对提高环氧树脂的耐水性需求日渐迫切。本文首先制备了氨基乙酸(Gly)改性二硫化钼(MoS_(2))纳米片,然后用其改性环氧树脂,制备了Gly-MoS_(2)/环氧树脂复合材料。对其结构、微观形貌、力学性能、热机械性能和吸水率等指标进行表征。研究结果表明:(1)成功制备了目标产物,经氨基乙酸剥离和改性的MoS_(2)纳米片在树脂基体中分散更均匀,在保证适宜的横向尺寸的同时厚度更薄,与基体树脂相容性更好。(2)随着纳米片添加量的增加,树脂体系水煮后的常温和高温剪切强度、拉伸强度和抗冲击强度均有提升。这是由于改性后纳米片在基体中分散均匀,且与环氧基形成更稳定的海岛结构,从而提升了材料本身的耐水性。(3)热机械性能测试表明,Gly-MoS_(2)纳米片对增强材料水煮后的耐温性有着重要的作用。吸水率测试表明,Gly-MoS_(2)极大地改善了环氧树脂的耐水性能,并且随着Gly-MoS_(2)纳米片的增加,吸水率随之降低。其中1.00%Gly-MoS_(2)/环氧树脂体系的耐水效果最好,水煮192 h后最终吸水率仅为1.2%。

航空航天先进结构材料技术现状及发展趋势

先进材料技术是航空航天高新装备的发展先导,是支撑现代工业的关键基础技术,渗透到国防建设、国民经济和社会生活等方方面面,已成为世界各国争相发展的技术高地和国防重点。本文梳理分析航空航天先进结构材料近年来的技术现状及发展趋势,在高性能高分子材料及其复合材料、高温与特种金属结构材料、轻质高强金属及其复合材料、先进结构陶瓷及其复合材料四方面进行重点阐释,明确我国航空航天结构材料的研发与生产仍面临着跟踪研仿多、自主创新少、技术封锁严重、技术瓶颈亟待突破等困境。同时,本文对航空航天结构材料未来研究和发展提出展望,点明建立“产-学-研-用”完整技术体系的重要性。

FRP复合材料在桥梁工程中的发展与应用

纤维增强聚合物(FRP)是一种由塑料基体和纤维增强材料组成的复合材料,具有轻质高强、抗腐蚀和耐久性等优点。在土木工程领域,尤其是桥梁工程中,它具有广泛的应用前景。该文综述了FRP复合材料的性能、结构和应用特点,并重点探讨了其在桥梁结构加固、竖向受力构件、劲性结构、预应力筋以及桥面板等领域的研究进展。在此基础上,指出了FRP复合材料存在的问题并展望了发展的主要方向。

石墨烯基聚合物复合涂层及湿法涂覆在金属双极板领域的应用进展

简单介绍真空气相沉积制备双极板涂层的优缺点;提出石墨烯作为理想防腐填料应用于双极板涂层的可能性;指出石墨烯基聚合物复合涂层的分散性难题及解决方案;详细综述了几种湿法涂覆石墨烯衍生物或二维纳米材料聚合物复合涂层的制备方法,以及各自涂层形貌、导电性、耐蚀性上的特点;最后展望了现阶段的石墨烯基聚合物复合涂层的缺陷以及改进方向。

5种接地材料在汕头土壤模拟溶液中的腐蚀行为研究

[目的]导电高分子复合接地材料在土壤环境中的腐蚀行为需要深入研究。[方法]通过溶液腐蚀浸泡试验及开路电位、动电位极化、电化学阻抗谱等测量技术,对比了导电高分子复合接地材料、碳钢、镀锌钢、铜包钢和紫铜5种接地材料在汕头土壤模拟溶液中的腐蚀行为。[结果]导电高分子复合接地材料在土壤模拟溶液中不发生腐蚀,紫铜、铜包钢、镀锌钢和碳钢则有不同程度的腐蚀。导电高分子复合接地材料拥有最正的腐蚀电位和最小的腐蚀电流密度,低频阻抗模值和界面电荷转移电阻最大。[结论]相较于其他4种金属接地材料,导电高分子复合接地材料具有最优异和稳定的耐腐蚀性能。

球磨工艺对医用Ti–Mg复合材料力学性能的影响

采用球磨+冷压制坯+微波加热烧结工艺制备Ti–15Mg复合材料,研究球磨工艺对Ti–15Mg混合粉末性能以及烧结后复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:以200 r·min^(-1)球磨转速球磨8~10 h,随着球磨时间延长,混合粉末的平均粒径明显变小,粉末粒度分布逐渐集中在10~45μm区间,粉末的球形度增加。在长时间球磨过程中,软质镁颗粒受到强烈撞击、研磨,引起表面破碎,钛颗粒出现了体积破碎和表面破碎,最终导致软质镁颗粒包裹脆性钛颗粒。球磨8 h后,混合粉末未出现明显的氧化,混合粉末中钛、镁粉末分布较为均匀,复合材料的力学性能较为优良,符合作为医用材料的力学性能要求。在低球磨转速下,球磨转速的提高不会导致粉末性能和烧结后复合材料性能出现明显变化。最佳球磨工艺参数为球磨时间8 h、球磨速度200 r·min^(-1),过程控制剂为正己烷。

嵌入式共固化穿孔纤维增强阻尼复合材料面内力学性能

本文提出一种嵌入式共固化穿孔纤维增强阻尼复合材料板(Embedded Co-curing Perforated Fiber-reinforced Damping Composite Panel, ECPFDCP)结构。该结构在减小刚度损失、提高承载能力的同时,还提高了阻尼性能。建立了有限元模型和穿孔纤维增强阻尼薄膜的面内等效参数的理论模型,运用数值模拟分析方法验证了文中理论模型和方法的有效性。用验证的理论模型和方法分别研究了设计参数对ECPFDCP穿孔纤维增强阻尼薄膜面内力学性能的影响。结果表明:增大穿孔阻尼层厚度和阻尼层穿孔孔径,减小阻尼层穿孔孔距,均有利于增大剪切模量。文中的模型和方法对嵌入式共固化非连续阻尼复合材料结构的动力学性能理论研究具有重要的指导意义,为结构的设计与制造提供了参考。

建筑用碳纤维-金属网复合材料的力学性能研究

用热固性环氧斜纹编织预浸料、不锈钢丝网、铝合金丝网分别制备纯碳纤维板试样、碳纤维—不锈钢丝网复合材料、碳纤维—铝合金丝网复合材料。测试3种复合材料的抗折强度、抗压强度、抗冲击性能及经腐蚀后的力学性能。结果表明:纯碳纤维板的抗折强度、抗压强度均处于最低水平;经质量分数为5%的NaCl溶液腐蚀后力学性能均不同程度下降;经过金属网增强后的复合材料力学性能明显增强,其中,加入不锈钢丝网的复合材料具有较高的抗折强度、抗压强度、抗冲击性能。综上可知,碳纤维-不锈钢丝网复合材料的力学性能更佳。

聚合物乳液改性水泥基材料阻尼性能研究进展

总结了不同聚合物乳液改性方式对水泥基材料阻尼性能的增强效果,分析了聚合物乳液增强阻尼性能的机理,并提出了聚合物乳液改性水泥基材料阻尼性能存在的问题与研究方向。